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批量将 apt 密钥从 Trusted.gpg 移动到文件夹，然后根据需要添加

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批量将 apt 密钥从 Trusted.gpg 移动到文件夹，然后根据需要添加

/etc/apt/trusted.gpg尽管将密钥放入trusted.gpg.d/（抑制apt update警告）实际上对安全性没有任何帮助（为此，您将需要deb [signed-by=...]到处都有条目），但还是存在令人讨厌的弃用。我第一次在 Ubuntu 22.04 中看到它。

现在，看起来像apt 知道哪个键代表trusted.gpg哪个sources.list deb[-src]条目，但（再次令人烦恼地）拒绝告诉。发出像这样的模糊警告要有用得多

W: https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu/jammy-cran40/InRelease: Key is stored in legacy trusted.gpg keyring (/etc/apt/trusted.gpg), see the DEPRECATION section in apt-key(8) for details.

当然，它不会让我轻松地告诉我哪个键签署了trusted.gpg它。也许有一个详细的选项——我不知道。

相信很多人都经历过这样的事情。然而显然没有脚本可以自动将各个密钥移动到文件夹（例如/usr/local/share/keyrings）并添加[signed-by=...]到相关sources.list[.d]条目。

我将如何完成这项任务？特别是，我该如何确认哪个键代表哪个deb[-src]条目？我该怎么办提炼one-key.gpg从堆中取出一个个体trusted.gpg，以便将其移动到文件夹中？

答案1

我已经调整了要旨中提到的丁克姆的回答- 导致migrate-apt-keys。它修复了一些问题，例如在单个sources.list.d文件中使用不同密钥签名的多个条目。

重要命令：

  • deb[-src]条目的键位于由条目构造的 URL 下的InRelease或Release.gpg文件中（请参阅代码）。使用curl或wget下载它们。
  • gpg --no-default-keyring --keyring gnupg-ring:/path/to/file ...：需要对与 无关的特定文件进行操作~/.gnupg。文件名必须是路径，而不是基本名称。此外，前缀 withgnupg-ring:暗示可以处理的密钥环格式，apt而不是默认的密钥盒格式
  • gpg --list-keys --with-colons --fixed-list-mode生成机器可读的输出

答案2

尝试一下这个脚本，看看效果如何https://gist.github.com/maxhq/7dadf55064aaadc4d9e5993f89fad7b0

#!/bin/bash

# DESCRIPTION
#   This script migrates from "apt-key" managed keys to "[signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/...]":
#    - loop through all lists in /etc/apt/sources.list.d
#      - read all lines with "deb..." that do not contain "[signed-by=]"
#      - download the GPG signature from the URL
#        - read the key ID from the signature
#        - download and saves the key using gpg
#      - add "[signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/...]" to the "deb..." line
#    - make a backup of the old .list file as .list.apt-key
#  After the migration you have to delete (or rename to be safe) /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d and
#  /etc/apt/trusted.gpg
#
# REQUIREMENTS
#   bash, perl, curl, gpg
#
# CAVEATS
#   This does not work e.g. for Anydesk as the Ubuntu keyserver returns an expired key.
#   But you can manually download the ASCII armored key and then run migrate-apt-keys.sh:
#     curl https://keys.anydesk.com/repos/DEB-GPG-KEY | gpg --dearmor > /usr/share/keyrings/anydesk-stable-archive-keyring.gpg
#   See: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-users/2022-January/306500.html

set -e

for repo in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list; do
  sig_base=$(basename $repo | sed 's/\.list//')
  sig_file="/usr/share/keyrings/${sig_base}-archive-keyring.gpg"
  skip_repo=0
  new_repo=$(mktemp)

  migrated=0
  while read line; do
    # skip if no repo definition
    if grep -E -q -v '^deb(-src)?' <<<"$line"; then echo "$line" >> $new_repo; continue; fi
    # skip if already "signed-by"
    if grep -E -q 'signed-by' <<<"$line"; then echo "$line" >> $new_repo; continue; fi

    echo "$sig_base: >> $line"

    if [ -f $sig_file ]; then
      echo "$sig_base: key already exists - skipping download"
    else
      # assemble URL
      url=$(echo "$line" | perl -pe 's{^ (?:(?:deb|deb-src) \s+) (?: \[[^\]]+] \s+)? (\S+?)/? \s+ (\S+) \s+ .* }{ $suite=$2; "$1/".($suite=~m|/$|?$suite:"dists/$2/") }xe')
      echo "$sig_base: downloading $url"

      # download signature
      set +e
      sigfile=$(curl -s -f -L "${url}InRelease")
      if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
        sigfile=$(curl -s -f -L "${url}Release.gpg")
        if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then echo "$sig_base: URL ${url}[InRelease|Release.gpg] not found"; exit 1; fi
      fi
      set -e

      # read key ID from signature
      keyid=$(echo "$sigfile" | gpg --verify -vv 2>&1 | tr '\n' ' ' | sed -E 's/.*signature.*keyid ([0-9A-Z]+).*/\1/i')
      if [ -z "$keyid" ]; then echo "$sig_base: Could not find key id in signature"; exit 1; fi
      echo "$sig_base: key id = $keyid"

      # download key
      temp_sig=$(mktemp)
      gpg --quiet --no-default-keyring --keyring $temp_sig --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys $keyid
      expiry=$(gpg --no-default-keyring --keyring=$temp_sig --list-keys --with-colons --fixed-list-mode | grep pub | cut -d: -f7)
      if [[ ! -z "$expiry" && $expiry < $(date +"%s") ]]; then
        expiry_date=$(date -d "1970-01-01 UTC $expiry seconds" +"%Y-%m-%d %T %z")
        echo "$sig_base: SKIPPING migration - key expired on $expiry_date"
        skip_repo=1; break
      fi
      mv $temp_sig $sig_file
      chmod 0644 $sig_file
    fi

    echo "$line" \
     | SIG=$sig_file perl -pe 's{^ ((?:deb|deb-src) \s+) (?: \[ ([^\]]+) ] \s+ )? (.*) }{$1\[$2 signed-by=$ENV{SIG}\] $3}x' \
     >> $new_repo

    migrated=1
  done < <(cat "$repo")

  if [[ $skip_repo == 0 && $migrated == 1 ]]; then
    cp $repo $repo.apt-key
    # preserve permissions
    cat $new_repo > $repo
    echo "$sig_base: migration done"
  fi

  rm $new_repo
done

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