Udev 规则差异很小

Question

我有一个设备，在插入时通过两个不同的内核进行连接（例如/dev/ttyUSB0和 ）/dev/ttyUSB1。我将一个称为配置端口，另一个称为数据端口，配置总是被分配在数据之前的第一个数字。

我正在尝试制定一个 udev 规则，对端口进行符号链接并区分不同的设备，不幸的是，区别功能似乎位于数据与配置的一个父级中，以及设备与设备的另一个父级中。

我不太确定如何利用数据方面之前的配置。如果不进行硬编码，我将如何做到这一点？假设期望的结果是

/dev/device0_config
/dev/device0_data
/dev/device1_config
/dev/device1_data

attribute-walking 一台设备分别会产生以下配置和数据结果

Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.

  looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/ttyUSB1/tty/ttyUSB1':
    KERNEL=="ttyUSB1"
    SUBSYSTEM=="tty"
    DRIVER==""

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/ttyUSB1':
    KERNELS=="ttyUSB1"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb-serial"
    DRIVERS=="cp210x"
    ATTRS{port_number}=="0"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0':
    KERNELS=="3-2:1.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="cp210x"
    ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="1"
    ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="02"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="ff"
    ATTRS{interface}=="Enhanced Com Port"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="00"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 0"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2':
    KERNELS=="3-2"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="9"
    ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0100"
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 2"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{speed}=="12"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="22"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
    ATTRS{product}=="CP2105 Dual USB to UART Bridge Controller"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="80"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="100mA"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="ea70"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="10c4"
    ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="3"
    ATTRS{removable}=="removable"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Silicon Labs"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{serial}=="00E25BEB"
    ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="2"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3':
    KERNELS=="usb3"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{speed}=="480"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0515"
    ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="3"
    ATTRS{interface_authorized_default}=="1"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="12"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="0mA"
    ATTRS{product}=="xHCI Host Controller"
    ATTRS{serial}=="0000:00:14.0"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="144"
    ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="0002"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 5.15.0-58-generic xhci-hcd"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0':
    KERNELS=="0000:00:14.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
    DRIVERS=="xhci_hcd"
    ATTRS{consistent_dma_mask_bits}=="64"
    ATTRS{enable}=="1"
    ATTRS{ari_enabled}=="0"
    ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0-7"
    ATTRS{label}=="Onboard - Other"
    ATTRS{dbc}=="disabled"
    ATTRS{device}=="0xa0ed"
    ATTRS{local_cpus}=="ff"
    ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x3002"
    ATTRS{irq}=="147"
    ATTRS{vendor}=="0x8086"
    ATTRS{power_state}=="D0"
    ATTRS{d3cold_allowed}=="1"
    ATTRS{class}=="0x0c0330"
    ATTRS{index}=="6"
    ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
    ATTRS{numa_node}=="-1"
    ATTRS{dma_mask_bits}=="64"
    ATTRS{msi_bus}=="1"
    ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x8086"
    ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
    ATTRS{revision}=="0x20"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
    KERNELS=="pci0000:00"
    SUBSYSTEMS==""
    DRIVERS==""
    ATTRS{waiting_for_supplier}=="0"

和

Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.

  looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.1/ttyUSB2/tty/ttyUSB2':
    KERNEL=="ttyUSB2"
    SUBSYSTEM=="tty"
    DRIVER==""

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.1/ttyUSB2':
    KERNELS=="ttyUSB2"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb-serial"
    DRIVERS=="cp210x"
    ATTRS{port_number}=="0"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.1':
    KERNELS=="3-2:1.1"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="cp210x"
    ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="02"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="01"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="ff"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 0"
    ATTRS{interface}=="Standard Com Port"
    ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="1"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2':
    KERNELS=="3-2"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="2"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Silicon Labs"
    ATTRS{speed}=="12"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="100mA"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{serial}=="00E25BEB"
    ATTRS{removable}=="removable"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 2"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0100"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="3"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="80"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{product}=="CP2105 Dual USB to UART Bridge Controller"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="22"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="10c4"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="ea70"
    ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="9"
    ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3':
    KERNELS=="usb3"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{product}=="xHCI Host Controller"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="3"
    ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
    ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
    ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
    ATTRS{speed}=="480"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0515"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="144"
    ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{serial}=="0000:00:14.0"
    ATTRS{interface_authorized_default}=="1"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="12"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 5.15.0-58-generic xhci-hcd"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="0002"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="0mA"
    ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0':
    KERNELS=="0000:00:14.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
    DRIVERS=="xhci_hcd"
    ATTRS{dma_mask_bits}=="64"
    ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
    ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
    ATTRS{d3cold_allowed}=="1"
    ATTRS{revision}=="0x20"
    ATTRS{irq}=="147"
    ATTRS{power_state}=="D0"
    ATTRS{device}=="0xa0ed"
    ATTRS{label}=="Onboard - Other"
    ATTRS{dbc}=="disabled"
    ATTRS{enable}=="1"
    ATTRS{index}=="6"
    ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0-7"
    ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x8086"
    ATTRS{local_cpus}=="ff"
    ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x3002"
    ATTRS{msi_bus}=="1"
    ATTRS{consistent_dma_mask_bits}=="64"
    ATTRS{vendor}=="0x8086"
    ATTRS{numa_node}=="-1"
    ATTRS{class}=="0x0c0330"
    ATTRS{ari_enabled}=="0"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
    KERNELS=="pci0000:00"
    SUBSYSTEMS==""
    DRIVERS==""
    ATTRS{waiting_for_supplier}=="0"

注意，为了区分设备，我可以使用ATTRS{serial}==...fromlooking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-2':