我在具有以下规格的笔记本电脑上运行 Ubuntu 22.04.2：
固态硬盘：惠普 S700 固态硬盘
中央处理器：英特尔酷睿 i7 7700HQ
内存：16 GB
核心：5.19.0-32-通用
截至 2023 年 2 月 25 日，所有系统软件包均已更新至最新版本。 Ubuntu安装在Ext4分区上，而我的数据存储在NTFS分区上，因为它是在使用Windows 10时创建的。SSD被识别为/dev/sdb
SSD及分区详细信息：
输出hdparm -I /dev/sdb：
/dev/sdb:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: HP SSD S700 1TB
Serial Number: HASA42470101207
Firmware Revision: V0823A0
Media Serial Num:
Media Manufacturer:
Transport: Serial, ATA8-AST, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0
Standards:
Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x011b)
Supported: 10 9 8 7 6 5
Likely used: 10
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
--
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 1953525168
Logical Sector size: 512 bytes
Physical Sector size: 512 bytes
Logical Sector-0 offset: 0 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 953869 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 1000204 MBytes (1000 GB)
cache/buffer size = unknown
Form Factor: 2.5 inch
Nominal Media Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 1 Current = 1
Advanced power management level: 254
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* NOP cmd
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Advanced Power Management feature set
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* General Purpose Logging feature set
* WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT
* {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
* Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
* Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
* Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
* Phy event counters
* READ_LOG_DMA_EXT equivalent to READ_LOG_EXT
* DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
* Software settings preservation
* SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
* SANITIZE feature set
* BLOCK_ERASE_EXT command
* DOWNLOAD MICROCODE DMA command
* WRITE BUFFER DMA command
* READ BUFFER DMA command
* Data Set Management TRIM supported (limit 8 blocks)
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
frozen
not expired: security count
supported: enhanced erase
6min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 6min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Checksum: correct
输出df -aTh：
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb2 ext4 162G 64G 90G 42% /
/dev/sdb1 fuseblk 760G 383G 378G 51% /mnt/DATA Laptop
输出findmnt --fstab：
TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS
/ UUID=79debb50-d530-d801-70da-b150d530d801 ext4 errors=remount-ro
/mnt/DATA Laptop UUID=01D94304BCDF47E0 ntfs uid=1000,gid=1000,rw,user,exec,umask=000,x-gvfs-show
NTFS和Ext4分区的性能差异：
当我使用以下命令运行基准测试时K磁盘标记在这两个分区上，我注意到 NTFS 和 Ext4 分区之间的性能存在显着差异，尤其是随机读写。
输出/dev/sdb2：
KDiskMark (3.1.2): https://github.com/JonMagon/KDiskMark
Flexible I/O Tester (fio-3.28): https://github.com/axboe/fio
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* MB/s = 1,000,000 bytes/s [SATA/600 = 600,000,000 bytes/s]
* KB = 1000 bytes, KiB = 1024 bytes
[Read]
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 8, T= 1): 517.054 MB/s [ 504.9 IOPS] < 15813.82 us>
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 500.349 MB/s [ 488.6 IOPS] < 2044.34 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 32, T= 1): 168.011 MB/s [ 42002.8 IOPS] < 760.80 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 28.314 MB/s [ 7078.7 IOPS] < 139.87 us>
[Write]
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 8, T= 1): 356.269 MB/s [ 347.9 IOPS] < 24887.09 us>
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 334.044 MB/s [ 326.2 IOPS] < 2978.64 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 32, T= 1): 184.879 MB/s [ 46219.8 IOPS] < 665.75 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 84.579 MB/s [ 21144.9 IOPS] < 46.37 us>
Profile: Default
Test: 1 GiB (x5) [Measure: 5 sec / Interval: 5 sec]
Date: 2023-02-25 14:18:20
OS: ubuntu 22.04 [linux 5.19.0-32-generic]
输出/dev/sdb1：
KDiskMark (3.1.2): https://github.com/JonMagon/KDiskMark
Flexible I/O Tester (fio-3.28): https://github.com/axboe/fio
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* MB/s = 1,000,000 bytes/s [SATA/600 = 600,000,000 bytes/s]
* KB = 1000 bytes, KiB = 1024 bytes
[Read]
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 8, T= 1): 484.235 MB/s [ 472.9 IOPS] < 16879.14 us>
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 494.241 MB/s [ 482.7 IOPS] < 2068.27 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 32, T= 1): 24.336 MB/s [ 6084.1 IOPS] < 5255.13 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 24.453 MB/s [ 6113.4 IOPS] < 162.18 us>
[Write]
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 8, T= 1): 313.461 MB/s [ 306.1 IOPS] < 8380.51 us>
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 313.816 MB/s [ 306.5 IOPS] < 879.35 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 32, T= 1): 78.391 MB/s [ 19597.8 IOPS] < 1237.62 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 77.982 MB/s [ 19495.5 IOPS] < 37.17 us>
Profile: Default
Test: 1 GiB (x5) [Measure: 5 sec / Interval: 5 sec]
Date: 2023-02-25 14:14:16
OS: ubuntu 22.04 [linux 5.19.0-32-generic]
鉴于 NTFS 分区被 识别为fuseblk系统df，我假设该分区是使用ntfs-3g而不是 挂载的ntfs3，这是新的内核驱动程序。将按照所述将我的 fstab FSTYPE 更改为 ntfs3这里提高性能？我还可以采取其他措施来提高 Linux 上的 NTFS 性能吗？如果没有，是否有任何方法可以非破坏性地将 NTFS 分区转换为 Ext4？
预先感谢您的帮助，祝您有美好的一天。
更新：
将 FSTYPE 设置为ntfs3in/etc/fstab确实确实提高了很多性能。
KDiskMark的输出/dev/sdb1：
KDiskMark (3.1.2): https://github.com/JonMagon/KDiskMark
Flexible I/O Tester (fio-3.28): https://github.com/axboe/fio
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* MB/s = 1,000,000 bytes/s [SATA/600 = 600,000,000 bytes/s]
* KB = 1000 bytes, KiB = 1024 bytes
[Read]
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 8, T= 1): 525.712 MB/s [ 513.4 IOPS] < 15556.55 us>
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 428.302 MB/s [ 418.3 IOPS] < 2387.84 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 32, T= 1): 237.324 MB/s [ 59331.2 IOPS] < 538.66 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 43.243 MB/s [ 10810.8 IOPS] < 92.45 us>
[Write]
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 8, T= 1): 495.466 MB/s [ 483.9 IOPS] < 16344.70 us>
Sequential 1 MiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 372.929 MB/s [ 364.2 IOPS] < 2591.59 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 32, T= 1): 299.469 MB/s [ 74867.4 IOPS] < 425.59 us>
Random 4 KiB (Q= 1, T= 1): 135.961 MB/s [ 33990.3 IOPS] < 27.96 us>
Profile: Default
Test: 1 GiB (x5) [Measure: 5 sec / Interval: 5 sec]
Date: 2023-02-25 15:45:46
OS: ubuntu 22.04 [linux 5.19.0-32-generic]
但是，如果我将挂载选项更改为 ntfs3，我将无法在依赖 Proton 的分区上玩任何 Steam 游戏。我只能在使用 ntfs-3g 的 ntfs 挂载选项时运行这些游戏。
更新2：
我找到了一种将 ntfs3 与 proton 一起使用的解决方法，因此我将将该标志保留在/etc/fstab.欢迎提出有关 NTFS 性能改进或从 NTFS 文件系统转换的任何其他建议，这些建议既非破坏性又与 Windows 10 和 Linux 兼容。
答案1
正如您的帖子所示，使用了旧的 SATA SSD。对于我在 Ubuntu 23.04 上使用带有 M.2 插槽的 NVME SSD 的情况，使用ntfs3不会提高性能。
我使用auto文件系统类型获得了超过 2000 MB/s，使用ntfs3.使用 KDiskMark 的 GUI 版本。
我的驱动器的速度约为 7000 MB/s ext4。两个 SSD 驱动器都直接插入主板。
