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我正在尝试在 Ubuntu 22.04 (WSL2) 上安装 MySQL，这些是我所做的步骤：
1-安装mysql服务器：
root@mans-pc:~# sudo apt-get update
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [110 kB]
Hit:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [119 kB]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [13.4 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [107 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 Packages [870 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe Translation-en [169 kB]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [17.5 kB]
Fetched 1,406 kB in 2s (671 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
root@mans-pc:~# sudo apt-get install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libclone-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 libfcgi-bin libfcgi-perl
libfcgi0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl
libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl libmecab2 libprotobuf-lite23 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl mecab-ipadic
mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-client-8.0 mysql-client-core-8.0 mysql-common mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0
Suggested packages:
libdata-dump-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl libbusiness-isbn-perl libwww-perl mailx tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libclone-perl libencode-locale-perl libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 libfcgi-bin libfcgi-perl
libfcgi0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl
libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl libmecab2 libprotobuf-lite23 libtimedate-perl liburi-perl mecab-ipadic
mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-client-8.0 mysql-client-core-8.0 mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-8.0
mysql-server-core-8.0
0 upgraded, 28 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 29.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 242 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 mysql-common all 5.8+1.0.8 [7,212 B]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-core-8.0 amd64 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2 [2,677 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 mysql-client-8.0 amd64 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2 [22.7 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libevent-pthreads-2.1-7 amd64 2.1.12-stable-1build3 [7,642 B]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libmecab2 amd64 0.996-14build9 [199 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libprotobuf-lite23 amd64 3.12.4-1ubuntu7 [208 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-core-8.0 amd64 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2 [17.5 MB]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 mysql-server-8.0 amd64 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2 [1,427 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libhtml-tagset-perl all 3.20-4 [12.5 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 liburi-perl all 5.10-1 [78.8 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libhtml-parser-perl amd64 3.76-1build2 [88.4 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libcgi-pm-perl all 4.54-1 [188 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libfcgi0ldbl amd64 2.4.2-2build2 [28.0 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libfcgi-perl amd64 0.82+ds-1build1 [22.8 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libcgi-fast-perl all 1:2.15-1 [10.5 kB]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libclone-perl amd64 0.45-1build3 [11.0 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libencode-locale-perl all 1.05-1.1 [11.8 kB]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libfcgi-bin amd64 2.4.2-2build2 [11.2 kB]
Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libhtml-template-perl all 2.97-1.1 [59.1 kB]
Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libtimedate-perl all 2.3300-2 [34.0 kB]
Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libhttp-date-perl all 6.05-1 [9,920 B]
Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libio-html-perl all 1.004-2 [15.4 kB]
Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 liblwp-mediatypes-perl all 6.04-1 [19.5 kB]
Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 libhttp-message-perl all 6.36-1 [76.8 kB]
Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 mecab-utils amd64 0.996-14build9 [4,850 B]
Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 mecab-ipadic all 2.7.0-20070801+main-3 [6,718 kB]
Get:27 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 mecab-ipadic-utf8 all 2.7.0-20070801+main-3 [4,384 B]
Get:28 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 mysql-server all 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2 [9,458 B]
Fetched 29.5 MB in 6s (4,860 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-common.
(Reading database ... 58973 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-mysql-common_5.8+1.0.8_all.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-common (5.8+1.0.8) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-core-8.0.
Preparing to unpack .../1-mysql-client-core-8.0_8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-client-core-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-8.0.
Preparing to unpack .../2-mysql-client-8.0_8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-client-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libevent-pthreads-2.1-7:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../3-libevent-pthreads-2.1-7_2.1.12-stable-1build3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libevent-pthreads-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.12-stable-1build3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libmecab2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../4-libmecab2_0.996-14build9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-14build9) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libprotobuf-lite23:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../5-libprotobuf-lite23_3.12.4-1ubuntu7_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libprotobuf-lite23:amd64 (3.12.4-1ubuntu7) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-core-8.0.
Preparing to unpack .../6-mysql-server-core-8.0_8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server-core-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up mysql-common (5.8+1.0.8) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-8.0.
(Reading database ... 59187 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-mysql-server-8.0_8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-tagset-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../01-libhtml-tagset-perl_3.20-4_all.deb ...
Unpacking libhtml-tagset-perl (3.20-4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package liburi-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../02-liburi-perl_5.10-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking liburi-perl (5.10-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-parser-perl:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../03-libhtml-parser-perl_3.76-1build2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libhtml-parser-perl:amd64 (3.76-1build2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libcgi-pm-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../04-libcgi-pm-perl_4.54-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libcgi-pm-perl (4.54-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libfcgi0ldbl:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../05-libfcgi0ldbl_2.4.2-2build2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libfcgi0ldbl:amd64 (2.4.2-2build2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libfcgi-perl:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../06-libfcgi-perl_0.82+ds-1build1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libfcgi-perl:amd64 (0.82+ds-1build1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libcgi-fast-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../07-libcgi-fast-perl_1%3a2.15-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libclone-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../08-libclone-perl_0.45-1build3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libclone-perl (0.45-1build3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libencode-locale-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../09-libencode-locale-perl_1.05-1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libencode-locale-perl (1.05-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libfcgi-bin.
Preparing to unpack .../10-libfcgi-bin_2.4.2-2build2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libfcgi-bin (2.4.2-2build2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-template-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../11-libhtml-template-perl_2.97-1.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libtimedate-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../12-libtimedate-perl_2.3300-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking libtimedate-perl (2.3300-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libhttp-date-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../13-libhttp-date-perl_6.05-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libhttp-date-perl (6.05-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libio-html-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../14-libio-html-perl_1.004-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking libio-html-perl (1.004-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package liblwp-mediatypes-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../15-liblwp-mediatypes-perl_6.04-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking liblwp-mediatypes-perl (6.04-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libhttp-message-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../16-libhttp-message-perl_6.36-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libhttp-message-perl (6.36-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mecab-utils.
Preparing to unpack .../17-mecab-utils_0.996-14build9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking mecab-utils (0.996-14build9) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mecab-ipadic.
Preparing to unpack .../18-mecab-ipadic_2.7.0-20070801+main-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking mecab-ipadic (2.7.0-20070801+main-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mecab-ipadic-utf8.
Preparing to unpack .../19-mecab-ipadic-utf8_2.7.0-20070801+main-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking mecab-ipadic-utf8 (2.7.0-20070801+main-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server.
Preparing to unpack .../20-mysql-server_8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-server (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up libmecab2:amd64 (0.996-14build9) ...
Setting up mysql-client-core-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up libfcgi0ldbl:amd64 (2.4.2-2build2) ...
Setting up libclone-perl (0.45-1build3) ...
Setting up libhtml-tagset-perl (3.20-4) ...
Setting up liblwp-mediatypes-perl (6.04-1) ...
Setting up libfcgi-bin (2.4.2-2build2) ...
Setting up libencode-locale-perl (1.05-1.1) ...
Setting up libprotobuf-lite23:amd64 (3.12.4-1ubuntu7) ...
Setting up mecab-utils (0.996-14build9) ...
Setting up libio-html-perl (1.004-2) ...
Setting up libtimedate-perl (2.3300-2) ...
Setting up mysql-client-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up libfcgi-perl:amd64 (0.82+ds-1build1) ...
Setting up liburi-perl (5.10-1) ...
Setting up libevent-pthreads-2.1-7:amd64 (2.1.12-stable-1build3) ...
Setting up libhttp-date-perl (6.05-1) ...
Setting up mecab-ipadic (2.7.0-20070801+main-3) ...
Compiling IPA dictionary for Mecab. This takes long time...
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/unk.def ... 40
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
/usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/model.def is not found. skipped.
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.others.csv ... 151
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Conjunction.csv ... 171
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adverb.csv ... 3032
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Suffix.csv ... 1393
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.name.csv ... 34202
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp-col.csv ... 91
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.number.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Auxil.csv ... 199
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.place.csv ... 72999
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Filler.csv ... 19
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.proper.csv ... 27328
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Others.csv ... 2
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.nai.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Prefix.csv ... 221
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.org.csv ... 16668
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.csv ... 60477
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Symbol.csv ... 208
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp.csv ... 146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adverbal.csv ... 795
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adnominal.csv ... 135
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Interjection.csv ... 252
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.demonst.csv ... 120
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adj.csv ... 27210
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Verb.csv ... 130750
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.verbal.csv ... 12146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adjv.csv ... 3328
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/matrix.def ... 1316x1316
emitting matrix : 100% |###########################################|
done!
update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode
Setting up mysql-server-core-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up mecab-ipadic-utf8 (2.7.0-20070801+main-3) ...
Compiling IPA dictionary for Mecab. This takes long time...
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/unk.def ... 40
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
/usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/model.def is not found. skipped.
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.others.csv ... 151
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Conjunction.csv ... 171
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adverb.csv ... 3032
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Suffix.csv ... 1393
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.name.csv ... 34202
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp-col.csv ... 91
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.number.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Auxil.csv ... 199
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.place.csv ... 72999
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Filler.csv ... 19
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.proper.csv ... 27328
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Others.csv ... 2
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.nai.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Prefix.csv ... 221
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.org.csv ... 16668
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.csv ... 60477
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Symbol.csv ... 208
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp.csv ... 146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adverbal.csv ... 795
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adnominal.csv ... 135
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Interjection.csv ... 252
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.demonst.csv ... 120
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adj.csv ... 27210
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Verb.csv ... 130750
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.verbal.csv ... 12146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adjv.csv ... 3328
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/matrix.def ... 1316x1316
emitting matrix : 100% |###########################################|
done!
update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8 to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode
Setting up libhtml-parser-perl:amd64 (3.76-1build2) ...
Setting up libhttp-message-perl (6.36-1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
* Stopping MySQL database server mysqld [ OK ]
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
mysqld will log errors to /var/log/mysql/error.log
mysqld is running as pid 30381
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service.
invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
Setting up libcgi-pm-perl (4.54-1) ...
Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1.1) ...
Setting up mysql-server (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) ...
/sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/wsl/lib/libcuda.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Scanning processes...
Scanning processor microcode...
Scanning linux images...
Failed to retrieve available kernel versions.
The processor microcode seems to be up-to-date.
No services need to be restarted.
No containers need to be restarted.
No user sessions are running outdated binaries.
No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.
尝试运行 mysql CLI 来更改 root 的密码：
/usr/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket
有什么问题以及如何解决它？
答案1
TLDR：守护进程在 WSL 中工作方式不同或根本不工作
在真正的 Ubuntu（或其他 Linux/Unix）操作系统中，操作系统根据用户命令运行程序，但也会在“init 系统”下自动运行一些程序；传统上，后面这些程序被称为守护程序，并且通常d在其名称末尾有一个。 MySQL 服务器就是这样一个程序，因此它的名称出现mysqld在两条日志消息中。 Ubuntu 的最新版本专门使用了一个名为systemd（它本身是一个守护进程，或者可能是元守护进程）的 init 系统，并且mysql-server 包裹不仅安装程序和相关文件，还设置配置，以便 systemd 在系统启动时自动将 mysqld 作为守护进程运行（除非/直到您禁用它或卸载）。
WSL 不会启动或真正运行 Ubuntu 等操作系统；相反，它运行程式在非常接近真实 Ubuntu 系统环境的环境中。最初它根本不运行任何 init 系统，因此也没有运行 systemd，因此也没有运行任何像 mysqld 这样的系统。显然是 Win11 上的最新版本能运行systemd，但默认情况下不是，并且由于我没有Win11，所以无法测试或确认。
因此，要在 WSL 下使用 mysql（或另一个守护进程），您必须
使用 Windows 启动或 WSL 重新启动后首次使用时的命令显式启动它
sudo service mysqld start（如果有多个发行版，则按发行版）设置 WSL 发行版以显式启动它 - 在某些最新版本中，您可以将 WSL 本身配置为使用 来执行此操作
[boot]，否则您可以将命令放入 shell 配置文件中（例如.bash_profile）来启动它如果它还没有运行设置您的 Windows 系统以明确告诉 WSL 启动它，例如您的配置文件中的启动项、任务计划程序作业等；根据详细信息，您可能需要首先检查它是否尚未运行
如果您有 Win11 和足够新的 WSL，只需启用 systemd，然后包完成的配置
mysql-server应该可以工作（尽管您可能需要再次安装才能获得正确的配置，我不知道）
对于某些选项，请参阅：
https://superuser.com/questions/1343558/how-to-make-wsl-run-services-at-startup
https://superuser.com/questions/1701853/how-to-enable-a-service-to-start-with-wsl2
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1355633/how-to-start-a-specific-service-when-ubuntu-is-started-on-wsl2