在 Debian 10 机器上，我有一个运行 Windows 10 的 KVM 虚拟机。它运行良好。 libvirt版本是5.0.0-4+deb10u1。
我希望虚拟机能够识别通过 USB 连接到 Debian 主机的摄像机。将以下代码添加到 XML 文件失败：
<hostdev mode='subsystem' type='usb'>
<source startupPolicy='optional' guestReset='off'>
<vendor id='0x04da'/>
<product id='0x2497'/>
</source>
</hostdev>
错误信息:
error: XML document failed to validate against schema: Unable to validate doc against /usr/share/libvirt/schemas/domain.rng
Extra element devices in interleave
Element domain failed to validate content
完整的 XML 文件（包括接近末尾的有问题的代码）如下。该代码或多或少是逐字逐字的libvirt 文档。
这是怎么回事？ “交错”是什么意思？是否有其他方法可以检查 XML 文件以提供更多见解？
XML文件:
<domain type='kvm' id='1'>
<name>Windows10</name>
<uuid>90486b86-7fe0-4409-8e40-ee6d9ece3098</uuid>
<metadata>
<libosinfo:libosinfo xmlns:libosinfo="http://libosinfo.org/xmlns/libvirt/domain/1.0">
<libosinfo:os id="http://microsoft.com/win/10"/>
</libosinfo:libosinfo>
</metadata>
<memory unit='KiB'>8388608</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>8388608</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static'>4</vcpu>
<resource>
<partition>/machine</partition>
</resource>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-3.1'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='hd'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<vmport state='off'/>
</features>
<cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='full'>
<model fallback='forbid'>SandyBridge</model>
<vendor>Intel</vendor>
<feature policy='require' name='vme'/>
<feature policy='require' name='ss'/>
<feature policy='require' name='vmx'/>
<feature policy='require' name='pcid'/>
<feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
<feature policy='require' name='arat'/>
<feature policy='require' name='tsc_adjust'/>
<feature policy='require' name='umip'/>
<feature policy='require' name='xsaveopt'/>
<feature policy='require' name='pdpe1gb'/>
</cpu>
<clock offset='utc'>
<timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
<timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
<timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
</clock>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
<pm>
<suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
<suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
</pm>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
<source file='/home/bbausch/Windows10.qcow2'/>
<backingStore/>
<target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
<alias name='ide0-0-0'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu'/>
<target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
<alias name='ide0-0-1'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='1'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x7'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<master startport='0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<master startport='2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
<alias name='usb'/>
<master startport='4'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'>
<alias name='pci.0'/>
</controller>
<controller type='ide' index='0'>
<alias name='ide'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<interface type='bridge'>
<mac address='52:54:00:a9:ba:c4'/>
<source bridge='br1'/>
<target dev='vnet0'/>
<model type='e1000'/>
<alias name='net0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<serial type='pty'>
<source path='/dev/pts/1'/>
<target type='isa-serial' port='0'>
<model name='isa-serial'/>
</target>
<alias name='serial0'/>
</serial>
<console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/1'>
<source path='/dev/pts/1'/>
<target type='serial' port='0'/>
<alias name='serial0'/>
</console>
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
<alias name='input0'/>
<address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
</input>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'>
<alias name='input1'/>
</input>
<input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'>
<alias name='input2'/>
</input>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='yes' listen='0.0.0.0'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>
<sound model='ich6'>
<alias name='sound0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
</sound>
<video>
<model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
<alias name='video0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
<alias name='redir0'/>
<address type='usb' bus='0' port='2'/>
</redirdev>
<redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
<alias name='redir1'/>
<address type='usb' bus='0' port='3'/>
</redirdev>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<alias name='balloon0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
<hostdev mode='subsystem' type='usb'>
<source startupPolicy='optional' guestReset='off'>
<vendor id='0x04da'/>
<product id='0x2497'/>
</source>
</hostdev>
</devices>
<seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
<label>+64055:+64055</label>
<imagelabel>+64055:+64055</imagelabel>
</seclabel>
</domain>
答案1
libvirt 文档说明了这一点：
从 8.6.0 开始，源元素可以包含 guestReset 属性，其值如下：
由于我使用的是 Libvirt 5，因此guestReset不支持该属性。删除它后，XML 文件将通过验证。
如果错误消息更具描述性，那就太好了。