Linux Mint、Linux Kubuntu 和 Kali Linux 都检测不到我的扬声器。当我使用 linux mint live usb 预装 Windows Inspiron 5400 AIO (DELL) 时，就发生了这种情况，以下是系统信息：
Kernel: 5.15.0-56-generic x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 11.3.0 Desktop: Cinnamon 5.6.5
tk: GTK 3.24.33 wm: muffin dm: LightDM Distro: Linux Mint 21.1 Vera base: Ubuntu 22.04 jammy
Machine:
Type: Desktop System: Dell product: Inspiron 5400 AIO v: N/A serial: <superuser required>
Chassis: type: 13 serial: <superuser required>
Mobo: Dell model: 0MHWCY v: A00 serial: <superuser required> UEFI: Dell v: 1.18.0
date: 03/09/2023
CPU:
Info: quad core model: 11th Gen Intel Core i7-1165G7 bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Tiger Lake
rev: 1 cache: L1: 320 KiB L2: 5 MiB L3: 12 MiB
Speed (MHz): avg: 2470 high: 4350 min/max: 400/4700 cores: 1: 2112 2: 1367 3: 1891 4: 4350
5: 3663 6: 1448 7: 680 8: 4249 bogomips: 44851
Flags: avx avx2 ht lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx
Graphics:
Device-1: Intel TigerLake-LP GT2 [Iris Xe Graphics] vendor: Dell driver: i915 v: kernel ports:
active: HDMI-A-1 empty: HDMI-A-2 bus-ID: 00:02.0 chip-ID: 8086:9a49
Device-2: NVIDIA GP108M [GeForce MX330] vendor: Dell driver: nouveau v: kernel pcie:
speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 4 bus-ID: 02:00.0 chip-ID: 10de:1d16
Device-3: Realtek Integrated_Webcam_HD type: USB driver: uvcvideo bus-ID: 3-5:4
chip-ID: 0bda:5687
Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.3 driver: X: loaded: modesetting unloaded: fbdev,vesa
gpu: i915 display-ID: :0 screens: 1
Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1920x1080 s-dpi: 96
Monitor-1: HDMI-1 mapped: HDMI-A-1 model: Dell Inspiron 540X res: 1920x1080 dpi: 93
diag: 595mm (23.4")
OpenGL: renderer: Mesa Intel Xe Graphics (TGL GT2) v: 4.6 Mesa 22.0.5 direct render: Yes
Audio:
Device-1: Intel Tiger Lake-LP Smart Sound Audio vendor: Dell driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel
bus-ID: 00:1f.3 chip-ID: 8086:a0c8
Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.15.0-56-generic running: yes
Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 15.99.1 running: yes
Sound Server-3: PipeWire v: 0.3.48 running: yes
Network:
Device-1: Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX201 driver: iwlwifi v: kernel bus-ID: 00:14.3 chip-ID: 8086:a0f0
IF: wlo1 state: up mac: <filter>
Device-2: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet vendor: Dell driver: r8169
v: kernel pcie: speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 1 port: 3000 bus-ID: 03:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:8168
IF: enp3s0 state: down mac: <filter>
Bluetooth:
Device-1: Intel AX201 Bluetooth type: USB driver: btusb v: 0.8 bus-ID: 3-10:5 chip-ID: 8087:0026
Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 rfk-id: 0 state: up address: <filter> bt-v: 3.0 lmp-v: 5.2
sub-v: 237e
Drives:
Local Storage: total: 1.17 TiB used: 1.04 TiB (88.8%)
ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 vendor: Toshiba model: KBG40ZNS256G NVMe KIOXIA 256GB size: 238.47 GiB
speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 serial: <filter> temp: 42.9 C
ID-2: /dev/sda vendor: Toshiba model: MQ04ABF100 size: 931.51 GiB speed: 6.0 Gb/s
serial: <filter>
ID-3: /dev/sdb type: USB vendor: Kingston model: DataTraveler 3.0 size: 28.87 GiB
serial: <filter>
Partition:
ID-1: / size: 7.63 GiB used: 180.4 MiB (2.3%) fs: overlay source: ERR-102
ID-2: /var/log size: 25.79 GiB used: 684 KiB (0.0%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sdb3
Swap:
Alert: No swap data was found.
USB:
Hub-1: 1-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
chip-ID: 1d6b:0002
Hub-2: 2-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0003
Hub-3: 3-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 12 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
chip-ID: 1d6b:0002
Device-1: 3-1:2 info: Razer USA Cynosa V2 type: Keyboard,Mouse driver: hid-generic,usbhid
rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s chip-ID: 1532:025e
Device-2: 3-4:3 info: Razer USA DeathAdder Essential type: Mouse,Keyboard
driver: hid-generic,usbhid rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s chip-ID: 1532:0098
Device-3: 3-5:4 info: Realtek Integrated_Webcam_HD type: Video driver: uvcvideo rev: 2.0
speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 0bda:5687
Device-4: 3-6:7 info: Melfas LGDisplay Incell Touch type: HID
driver: hid-generic,hid-multitouch,usbhid rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s chip-ID: 1fd2:8105
Device-5: 3-10:5 info: Intel AX201 Bluetooth type: Bluetooth driver: btusb rev: 2.0
speed: 12 Mb/s chip-ID: 8087:0026
Hub-4: 4-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0003
Device-1: 4-2:2 info: Kingston DataTraveler 100 G3/G4/SE9 G2/50 type: Mass Storage
driver: usb-storage rev: 3.2 speed: 5 Gb/s chip-ID: 0951:1666
Sensors:
System Temperatures: cpu: 52.0 C mobo: N/A gpu: nouveau temp: 54.0 C
Fan Speeds (RPM): cpu: 1397
Repos:
Packages: apt: 2088
Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list
1: deb cdrom:[Linux Mint 21.1 _Vera_ - Release amd64 20221217]/ jammy main
Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/official-package-repositories.list
1: deb http: //packages.linuxmint.com vera main upstream import backport
2: deb http: //archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main restricted universe multiverse
3: deb http: //archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
4: deb http: //archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
5: deb http: //security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
Info:
Processes: 280 Uptime: 8m Memory: 15.27 GiB used: 2.4 GiB (15.7%) Init: systemd v: 249
runlevel: 5 Compilers: gcc: 11.3.0 alt: 11 Client: Unknown python3.10 client inxi: 3.3.13
请求编辑：扬声器是内置的，是的。他们可以正常使用 Windows 11。 （不确定是否说它是Realtek
会很有用，但我认为那是扬声器驱动器）
输出设置只有“虚拟输出”aplay -l 显示：
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC274 Analog [ALC274 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 11: HDMI 5 [HDMI 5]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 12: HDMI 6 [HDMI 6]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 13: HDMI 7 [HDMI 7]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 14: HDMI 8 [HDMI 8]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 15: HDMI 9 [HDMI 9]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 16: HDMI 10 [HDMI 10]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 17: HDMI 11 [HDMI 11]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
pacmd list-sinks 显示：
* index: 0
name: <auto_null>
driver: <module-null-sink.c>
flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause: (none)
priority: 1000
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 1.45 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 1
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 2.51 ms; range is 0.50 .. 2000.00 ms
module: 14
properties:
device.description = "Dummy Output"
device.class = "abstract"
device.icon_name = "audio-card"