我有一个全新的驱动器，我想在使用前进行测试。刚刚安装，尚未格式化/分区，也未在其上创建文件系统。 我做的第一件事是检查 smartctl 统计信息，然后开始一个长期测试。
在等待了所需的 12 个小时后，我注意到测试被中断，并且记录了一个错误。我又开始测试两次，然后每次启动测试时都会立即记录错误。请参阅下面的 smartctl 统计信息：
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-linux-5.4.0-150-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: ST8000NM017B-2TJ103
Serial Number: WWZ2AFQF
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0e71315e1
Firmware Version: SN01
User Capacity: 8,001,563,222,016 bytes [8.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-4 (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is: SATA 3.3, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sat Jun 10 08:08:32 2023 EDT
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 41) The self-test routine was interrupted
by the host with a hard or soft reset.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 567) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 702) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x70bd) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 100 100 044 Pre-fail Always - 9402
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 099 099 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 1
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 100 253 045 Pre-fail Always - 21867
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 17
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 1
18 Unknown_Attribute 0x000b 100 100 050 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 12885098499
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 067 066 000 Old_age Always - 33 (Min/Max 24/34)
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 39
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 033 040 000 Old_age Always - 33 (0 24 0 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0 (137 91 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 9402
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 3
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 3 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 17 hours (0 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 51 00 00 00 00 00 Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 17:21:46.602 NOP [Abort queued commands]
b0 d4 00 82 4f c2 00 00 17:20:45.112 SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE
b0 d0 01 00 4f c2 00 00 17:20:45.112 SMART READ DATA
ec 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 17:20:45.105 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ec 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 17:20:45.104 IDENTIFY DEVICE
Error 2 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 17 hours (0 days + 17 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 51 00 00 00 00 00 Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 17:15:48.188 NOP [Abort queued commands]
b0 d4 00 82 4f c2 00 00 17:14:46.401 SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE
b0 d0 01 00 4f c2 00 00 17:14:46.400 SMART READ DATA
ec 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 17:14:46.392 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ec 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 17:14:46.391 IDENTIFY DEVICE
Error 1 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 0 hours (0 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was in an unknown state.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
04 51 00 00 00 00 00 Error: ABRT
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ff 00:08:36.002 NOP [Abort queued commands]
b0 d4 00 82 4f c2 00 00 00:07:34.853 SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE
b0 d0 01 00 4f c2 00 00 00:07:34.814 SMART READ DATA
ec 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00:07:34.806 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ec 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00:07:34.805 IDENTIFY DEVICE
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended captive Interrupted (host reset) 90% 17 -
# 2 Extended captive Interrupted (host reset) 90% 17 -
# 3 Extended captive Interrupted (host reset) 90% 0 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
原始读取/查找错误率也相当高，但我不确定 smartctl 的格式，以及这些值是否只是编码的......
Smartctl 不需要格式化驱动器/带有文件系统的驱动器即可正常运行，对吗？这是一个意想不到的结果？如果有的话，有没有在 RMA 之前我应该运行任何其他测试？提前谢谢你的帮助！
答案1
- SMART 自检在磁盘内运行，无需操作系统。运行任何 LiveCD，
smartctl -t long /dev/sda等待它提示的时间，检查结果。PC 必须在整个测试期间处于运行状态。您也不能让 PC 进入睡眠状态。 - 您的驱动器看起来完全健康，此类错误
Error 3 occurred at disk power-on lifetime通常是良性的。我的硬盘也有类似的错误，但在使用十多年后仍然处于完美状态。请检查 smartmontools 7.3 是否也报告此错误。它可能仅特定于旧版本。
不过，如果您想进行 RMA，请务必这样做。从一开始就出现任何 SMART 错误并不是一种令人愉快的感觉。
# 1 Extended captive Interrupted (host reset) 90% 17
意味着您不允许测试完成。您的驱动器的完整测试-t long可能需要大约 24 小时才能完成。
我总是对新驱动器进行长时间的自检。给我带来一点心灵的平静。