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Raspberry Pi timedatectl 失败，并出现“传输端点未连接”和“.service 文件”错误

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Raspberry Pi timedatectl 失败，并出现“传输端点未连接”和“.service 文件”错误

我在尝试使用该命令时在 Raspberry Pi 上遇到问题timedatectl。当我执行时，timedatectl status我收到以下错误消息：

spaikon@raspberrypi:~ $ timedatectl status
Failed to query server: Transport endpoint is not connected
spaikon@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo timedatectl status
Failed to query server: The name org.freedesktop.timedate1 was not provided by any .service files

 $ sudo timedatectl show
Failed to parse bus message: No route to host

 $ sudo systemctl status systemd-timedated.service
● systemd-timedated.service - Time & Date Service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timedated.service; static)
     Active: inactive (dead)
       Docs: man:systemd-timedated.service(8)
             man:localtime(5)
             man:org.freedesktop.timedate1(5)

我尝试在网上寻找解决方案，但到目前为止还没有任何运气。我不确定这些错误的含义或如何解决它们。还有其他人遇到过这个问题并找到解决方案吗？

任何帮助将不胜感激。

先感谢您！

编辑：

 $ sudo systemctl status systemd-timedated.service
● systemd-timedated.service - Time & Date Service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timedated.service; static)
     Active: inactive (dead)
       Docs: man:systemd-timedated.service(8)
             man:localtime(5)
             man:org.freedesktop.timedate1(5)

$ sudo timedatectl
Failed to query server: The name org.freedesktop.timedate1 was not provided by any .service files

$ dlocate -S systemd-timedated.service
systemd: /lib/systemd/system/systemd-timedated.service
systemd: /usr/share/man/man8/systemd-timedated.service.8.gz

编辑 2：来自 systemd-timedate 的响应

 $ journalctl -fu  systemd-timedated.service
-- Journal begins at Thu 2023-06-08 20:47:15 EEST. --
Jun 09 12:07:52 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Starting Time & Date Service...
Jun 09 12:07:52 raspberrypi systemd-timedated[46085]: /lib/systemd/systemd-timedated: error while loading shared libraries: li                          bsystemd-shared-247.so: cannot open shared object file: Permission denied
Jun 09 12:07:52 raspberrypi systemd[1]: systemd-timedated.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=127/n/a
Jun 09 12:07:52 raspberrypi systemd[1]: systemd-timedated.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Jun 09 12:07:52 raspberrypi systemd[1]: Failed to start Time & Date Service.

编辑3：

$ namei -mov /lib/systemd/libsystemd-shared-247.so
f: /lib/systemd/libsystemd-shared-247.so
drwx------ spaikon spaikon /
lrwxrwxrwx root    root    lib -> usr/lib
drwxr-xr-x root    root      usr
drwxr-xr-x root    root      lib
drwxr-xr-x root    root    systemd
-rw-r--r-- root    root    libsystemd-shared-247.so

答案1

org.freedesktop.timedate1是出现在 的定义中的 D-Bus 名称systemd-timedated.service。

systemctl cat systemd-timedated.service | grep org.freedesktop.timedate1

Documentation=man:org.freedesktop.timedate1(5)
BusName=org.freedesktop.timedate1

systemd-timedated.service仅当系统 D-Bus 上有需要时才应由 systemd 启动。这正是该timedatectl命令的作用：

root@raspiw2:/home/pi# systemctl status systemd-timedated.service
● systemd-timedated.service - Time & Date Service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timedated.service; static)
     Active: inactive (dead)
       Docs: man:systemd-timedated.service(8)
             man:localtime(5)
             man:org.freedesktop.timedate1(5)

root@raspiw2:/home/pi# timedatectl
               Local time: Fri 2023-06-09 17:57:26 EEST
           Universal time: Fri 2023-06-09 14:57:26 UTC
                 RTC time: n/a
                Time zone: Europe/Helsinki (EEST, +0300)
System clock synchronized: yes
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no

root@raspiw2:/home/pi# systemctl status systemd-timedated.service
● systemd-timedated.service - Time & Date Service
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timedated.service; static)
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-06-09 17:57:26 EEST; 5s ago
       Docs: man:systemd-timedated.service(8)
             man:localtime(5)
             man:org.freedesktop.timedate1(5)
   Main PID: 1284 (systemd-timedat)
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 2057)
        CPU: 328ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/systemd-timedated.service
             └─1284 /lib/systemd/systemd-timedated

Jun 09 17:57:26 raspiw2 systemd[1]: Starting Time & Date Service...
Jun 09 17:57:26 raspiw2 systemd[1]: Started Time & Date Service.

systemd-timedated.service是主systemd包的一部分，因此错误消息会表明服务定义已被更改或删除。您是否将该服务设置为屏蔽，或者甚至将其完全删除？

dlocate -S systemd-timedated.service
systemd: /lib/systemd/system/systemd-timedated.service
systemd: /usr/share/man/man8/systemd-timedated.service.8.gz

的输出journalctl -fu systemd-timedated.service表明系统库存在权限问题（为了清楚起见，分为多行）：

Jun 09 12:07:52 raspberrypi systemd-timedated[46085]: /lib/systemd/systemd-timedated: 
error while loading shared libraries: 
libsystemd-shared-247.so: cannot open shared object file: 
Permission denied

该库应该位于/lib/systemd/libsystemd-shared-247.so.

您可以使用 立即列出该文件和所有父目录的权限namei -mov /lib/systemd/libsystemd-shared-247.so。输出应该是：

f: /lib/systemd/libsystemd-shared-247.so
drwxr-xr-x root root /
drwxr-xr-x root root lib
drwxr-xr-x root root systemd
-rw-r--r-- root root libsystemd-shared-247.so

如果文件的读取权限或r-x任何父目录的读取和访问 ( ) 权限丢失，请使用chmod来恢复它们。

$ namei -mov /lib/systemd/libsystemd-shared-247.so
f: /lib/systemd/libsystemd-shared-247.so
drwx------ spaikon spaikon /
[...]

其他权限似乎是正确的，但根目录的所有权似乎被意外设置为“spaikon”并且仅对该用户具有权限。这显然是不正确的。

由于该systemd-timedated.service定义包含许多安全限制，因此即使该服务以 root 身份运行，它也无法访问完整的 root 权限。这里最相关的限制是CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_SYS_TIME：它排除CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE，这是赋予root其忽略文件和目录权限检查的能力的功能。如果没有它，负责启动的 systemd 子进程/lib/systemd/systemd-timedated必须尊重文件和目录权限即使从技术上讲它是以 root 用户身份运行的。

要修复权限，请运行以下两个命令，按这个顺序:

sudo chmod go+rx /
sudo chown root:root /

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