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在 Linux Mint 上的 alsamixer 中将默认主音量控制更改为“PCM”

tag-icon • tag-icon linux-mint gnome audio pulseaudio alsamixer
在 Linux Mint 上的 alsamixer 中将默认主音量控制更改为“PCM”

我正在运行 Linux Mint，每当我使用系统的硬件音量控制（例如音量增大/减小按钮）时，它都会调整 alsamixer 中的“PCM 1”级别。但是，我希望它改为调整“PCM”级别。

amixer -c 1以下是显示可用控件的输出：

Simple mixer control 'PCM',0
  Capabilities: pvolume pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
  Limits: Playback 0 - 74
  Mono:
  Front Left: Playback 74 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
  Front Right: Playback 74 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'PCM',1
  Capabilities: pvolume pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
  Limits: Playback 0 - 74
  Mono:
  Front Left: Playback 74 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
  Front Right: Playback 74 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Mic',0
  Capabilities: cvolume cvolume-joined cswitch cswitch-joined
  Capture channels: Mono
  Limits: Capture 0 - 74
  Mono: Capture 74 [100%] [0.00dB] [on]

我尝试修改 PulseAudio 的 default.pa 配置，但这导致音频丢失。

我正在寻找一种不涉及自定义脚本或键绑定的解决方案。我更喜欢直接将标准主音量更改为“PCM”。

任何建议或见解将不胜感激！

根据要求，以下是输出cat ~/.xbindkeysrc：

## For the benefit of emacs users: -*- shell-script -*-
###########################
# xbindkeys configuration #
###########################
#
# Version: 1.8.7
#
# If you edit this file, do not forget to uncomment any lines
# that you change.
# The pound(#) symbol may be used anywhere for comments.
#
# To specify a key, you can use 'xbindkeys --key' or
# 'xbindkeys --multikey' and put one of the two lines in this file.
#
# The format of a command line is:
#    "command to start"
#       associated key
#
#
# A list of keys is in /usr/include/X11/keysym.h and in
# /usr/include/X11/keysymdef.h
# The XK_ is not needed.
#
# List of modifier:
#   Release, Control, Shift, Mod1 (Alt), Mod2 (NumLock),
#   Mod3 (CapsLock), Mod4, Mod5 (Scroll).
#

# The release modifier is not a standard X modifier, but you can
# use it if you want to catch release events instead of press events

# By defaults, xbindkeys does not pay attention with the modifiers
# NumLock, CapsLock and ScrollLock.
# Uncomment the lines above if you want to pay attention to them.

#keystate_numlock = enable
#keystate_capslock = enable
#keystate_scrolllock= enable

# Examples of commands:

"xbindkeys_show" 
  control+shift + q

# set directly keycode (here control + f with my keyboard)
#"xterm"
#  c:41 + m:0x4

# specify a mouse button
#"xterm"
#  control + b:2

#"xterm -geom 50x20+20+20"
#   Shift+Mod2+alt + s
#
## set directly keycode (here control+alt+mod2 + f with my keyboard)
#"xterm"
#  alt + c:0x29 + m:4 + mod2
#
## Control+Shift+a  release event starts rxvt
#"rxvt"
#  release+control+shift + a
#
## Control + mouse button 2 release event starts rxvt
#"rxvt"
#  Control + b:2 + Release

##################################
# End of xbindkeys configuration #
##################################

#"xdotool type 'r'"
#Control+Alt + Right

和输出pacmd list-cards：

4 card(s) available.
    index: 0
    name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_01_00.1>
    driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
    owner module: 7
    properties:
        alsa.card = "2"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xdc080000 irq 17"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card2"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "10de"
        device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
        device.product.id = "10f0"
        device.product.name = "GP104 High Definition Audio Controller"
        device.string = "2"
        device.description = "GP104 High Definition Audio Controller"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    profiles:
        output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI)-Ausgabe (priority 38668, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2)-Ausgabe (priority 38468, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3)-Ausgabe (priority 38468, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-stereo-extra3: Digital Stereo (HDMI 4)-Ausgabe (priority 5700, available: no)
        output:hdmi-surround-extra3: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4)-Ausgabe (priority 600, available: no)
        output:hdmi-surround71-extra3: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4)-Ausgabe (priority 600, available: no)
        off: Aus (priority 0, available: unknown)
    active profile: <output:hdmi-stereo>
    sinks:
        alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo/#11: GP104 High Definition Audio Controller Digital Stereo (HDMI)
    sources:
        alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo.monitor/#14: Monitor of GP104 High Definition Audio Controller Digital Stereo (HDMI)
    ports:
        hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "video-display"
                device.product.name = "LG HDR 4K
   "
        hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "video-display"
                device.product.name = "27GL650F
    "
        hdmi-output-2: HDMI / DisplayPort 3 (priority 5700, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "video-display"
                device.product.name = "27GL650F
    "
        hdmi-output-3: HDMI / DisplayPort 4 (priority 5600, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "video-display"
    index: 1
    name: <alsa_card.usb-SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000-00>
    driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
    owner module: 8
    properties:
        alsa.card = "1"
        alsa.card_name = "SteelSeries Arctis 9"
        alsa.long_card_name = "SteelSeries SteelSeries Arctis 9 at usb-0000:00:14.0-3.1, full speed"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:3.1:1.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-3/1-3.1/1-3.1:1.0/sound/card1"
        udev.id = "usb-SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000-00"
        device.bus = "usb"
        device.vendor.id = "1038"
        device.vendor.name = "SteelSeries ApS"
        device.product.id = "12c4"
        device.product.name = "SteelSeries Arctis 9"
        device.serial = "SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000"
        device.string = "1"
        device.description = "SteelSeries Arctis 9"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-usb"
    profiles:
        output:stereo-game+output:stereo-chat+input:mono-chat: Spiel-Ausgabe + Chat-Ausgabe + Chat-Eingabe (priority 5100, available: unknown)
        input:mono-chat: Chat-Eingabe (priority 1, available: unknown)
        output:stereo-chat: Chat-Ausgabe (priority 5000, available: unknown)
        output:stereo-chat+input:mono-chat: Chat-Ausgabe + Chat-Eingabe (priority 5000, available: unknown)
        output:stereo-game: Spiel-Ausgabe (priority 5000, available: unknown)
        output:stereo-game+input:mono-chat: Spiel-Ausgabe + Chat-Eingabe (priority 5000, available: unknown)
        off: Aus (priority 0, available: unknown)
    active profile: <output:stereo-game+output:stereo-chat+input:mono-chat>
    sinks:
        alsa_output.usb-SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000-00.stereo-game/#1: SteelSeries Arctis 9 Spiel
        alsa_output.usb-SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000-00.stereo-chat/#2: SteelSeries Arctis 9 Chat
    sources:
        alsa_output.usb-SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000-00.stereo-game.monitor/#1: Monitor of SteelSeries Arctis 9 Spiel
        alsa_output.usb-SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000-00.stereo-chat.monitor/#2: Monitor of SteelSeries Arctis 9 Chat
        alsa_input.usb-SteelSeries_SteelSeries_Arctis_9_000000000000-00.mono-chat/#3: SteelSeries Arctis 9 Chat
    ports:
        usb-gaming-headset-output-stereo: Headphones (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
            properties:
                
        usb-gaming-headset-input: Headset Microphone (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
            properties:
                
    index: 2
    name: <alsa_card.usb-046d_081b_61151E20-02>
    driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
    owner module: 9
    properties:
        alsa.card = "3"
        alsa.card_name = "USB Device 0x46d:0x81b"
        alsa.long_card_name = "USB Device 0x46d:0x81b at usb-0000:00:14.0-6, high speed"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_usb_audio"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.0-usb-0:6:1.2"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb1/1-6/1-6:1.2/sound/card3"
        udev.id = "usb-046d_081b_61151E20-02"
        device.bus = "usb"
        device.vendor.id = "046d"
        device.vendor.name = "Logitech, Inc."
        device.product.id = "081b"
        device.product.name = "Webcam C310"
        device.serial = "046d_081b_61151E20"
        device.form_factor = "webcam"
        device.string = "3"
        device.description = "Webcam C310"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "camera-web-usb"
    profiles:
        input:mono-fallback: Mono-Eingabe (priority 1, available: unknown)
        off: Aus (priority 0, available: unknown)
    active profile: <input:mono-fallback>
    sources:
        alsa_input.usb-046d_081b_61151E20-02.mono-fallback/#4: Webcam C310 Mono
    ports:
        analog-input-mic: Microphone (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
    index: 3
    name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
    driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
    owner module: 10
    properties:
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0x2ffff20000 irq 139"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "a2f0"
        device.product.name = "200 Series PCH HD Audio"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "0"
        device.description = "Eingebautes Tongerät"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    profiles:
        input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 32833, available: unknown)
        output:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo-Ausgabe (priority 6500, available: no)
        output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Duplex (priority 6565, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-21: Analog Surround 2.1-Ausgabe (priority 1300, available: no)
        output:analog-surround-21+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 2.1-Ausgabe + Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 1365, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-40: Analog Surround 4.0-Ausgabe (priority 1200, available: no)
        output:analog-surround-40+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 4.0-Ausgabe + Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 1265, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-41: Analog Surround 4.1-Ausgabe (priority 1300, available: no)
        output:analog-surround-41+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 4.1-Ausgabe + Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 1365, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-50: Analog Surround 5.0-Ausgabe (priority 1200, available: no)
        output:analog-surround-50+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 5.0-Ausgabe + Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 1265, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-51: Analog Surround 5.1-Ausgabe (priority 1300, available: no)
        output:analog-surround-51+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 5.1-Ausgabe + Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 1365, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-71: Analog Surround 7.1-Ausgabe (priority 1200, available: no)
        output:analog-surround-71+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 7.1-Ausgabe + Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 1265, available: unknown)
        output:iec958-stereo: Digital Stereo (IEC958)-Ausgabe (priority 38268, available: unknown)
        output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (IEC958)-Ausgabe + Analog Stereo-Eingabe (priority 38333, available: unknown)
        off: Aus (priority 0, available: unknown)
    active profile: <output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
    sinks:
        alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.iec958-stereo/#3: Eingebautes Tongerät Digital Stereo (IEC958)
    sources:
        alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.iec958-stereo.monitor/#5: Monitor of Eingebautes Tongerät Digital Stereo (IEC958)
        alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#6: Eingebautes Tongerät Analog Stereo
    ports:
        analog-input-front-mic: Front Microphone (priority 8500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
        analog-input-rear-mic: Rear Microphone (priority 8200, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
        analog-input-linein: Line In (priority 8100, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
            properties:
                
        analog-output-lineout: Line Out (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
            properties:
                
        analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
        iec958-stereo-output: Digital Output (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
            properties:

alsamixer 概述

答案1

如果您不介意每次更新（或重新安装）pulseaudio后都更改该文件，或者作为初步测试，您可以直接更改此文件：

/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/usb-gaming-headset-output-stereo.conf

在文件中删除,1后Element PCM。 （我认为您不需要类似的东西,0。）更改文件后，使用以下命令重新启动pulseaudio服务器：

systemctl --user restart pulseaudio

为了避免不断更改文件，您需要复制以下文件：

/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/usb-gaming-headset-output-stereo.conf
/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/usb-gaming-headset.conf

到相同的名称下的任何名称（不与其他现有文件冲突/替换其他现有文件）各自目录，例如：

/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/usb-gaming-headset-output-stereo-0.conf
/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/usb-gaming-headset-0.conf

然后，在新的配置文件集文件 ( usb-gaming-headset-0.conf) 中，替换全部实例s带有混音器路径文件副本的usb-gaming-headset-output-stereo名称（不带）( )。.confusb-gaming-headset-output-stereo-0

如果您没有进行或恢复了原始文件中的更改，请不要忘记删除,1混音器路径文件的副本 ( )。usb-gaming-headset-output-stereo-0.conf

最后，创建一个带有前缀的udev规则文件91-（以便覆盖 的相关效果90-pulseaudio.rules），例如：

/etc/udev/rules.d/91-pulse-pcm.rules

（确保它有扩展名.rules）

包含以下内容行（ 的值ENV{PULSE_PROFILE_SET}应是为配置文件集文件的副本选择的名称）：

SUBSYSTEM=="sound", ACTION=="change", KERNEL=="card*", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1038", ATTRS{idProduct}=="12c4", ENV{PULSE_PROFILE_SET}="usb-gaming-headset-0.conf"

（确保不要混淆SUBSYSTEM和SUBSYSTEMS。不要错过Sin ATTRS。也不要混淆==和=。）

完成所有工作后，运行以下命令或重新启动以应用它们：

sudo systemctl restart systemd-udevd
sudo systemctl restart systemd-udev-trigger
systemctl --user restart pulseaudio

PS 您的发行版可能会在某些时候隐式地让您的系统使用 pipelinewire，例如在某个系统更新/升级之后。我不知道 Pipewire 是否也有问题，但如果有一天黑客不再有效，那么开关可能是原因。 （那时pacmd list-sinks会说pulseaudio没有运行，同时pactl list sinks会列出“pipewire-pulse”提供的可用接收器）。

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