我有一台带有 Linux RAID 设置的 8 个磁盘的服务器，其中启动分区是 RAID1，保存 VM 映像的根和分区是 RAID10。我需要更换为更大的磁盘并增加 RAID 大小，将所有额外空间放入保存 VM 映像的分区中。这是每个磁盘上的分区设置：
Disk /dev/sda: 480.1 GB, 480103981056 bytes, 937703088 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: E2951863-ACAA-4516-A8C0-58FC2098382C
# Start End Size Type Name
1 2048 921036799 439.2G Linux RAID
2 921036800 934143999 6.3G Linux RAID
3 934144000 935194623 513M Linux RAID
4 935194624 935604223 200M Linux RAID
5 935604224 937701375 1G Linux RAID
我将用 960GB 磁盘替换所有 8 个 480GB 磁盘。正如您所看到的，在这台服务器中，我的虚拟机映像位于分区 1 上，我有一个大分区，在这种情况下我可以替换和增长吗？这是 RAID 设置：
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid10] [raid1]
md123 : active raid1 sdc4[10] sdb4[9] sde4[8] sdh4[6] sdd4[3] sda4[0] sdg4[5] sdf4[4]
204736 blocks super 1.0 [8/8] [UUUUUUUU]
bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md124 : active raid10 sdc1[10] sdb1[9] sde1[8] sdd1[3] sda1[0] sdh1[6] sdg1[5] sdf1[4]
1841541120 blocks super 1.2 512K chunks 2 near-copies [8/8] [UUUUUUUU]
bitmap: 8/14 pages [32KB], 65536KB chunk
md125 : active raid1 sdc5[10] sdb5[9] sde5[8] sdf5[4] sdd5[3] sda5[0] sdg5[5] sdh5[6]
1046528 blocks super 1.2 [8/8] [UUUUUUUU]
bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md126 : active raid10 sdc2[10] sdb2[9] sde2[8] sdf2[4] sdd2[3] sdh2[6] sdg2[5] sda2[0]
26193920 blocks super 1.2 512K chunks 2 near-copies [8/8] [UUUUUUUU]
bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md127 : active raid10 sdc3[10] sdb3[9] sde3[8] sdf3[4] sdh3[6] sda3[0] sdg3[5] sdd3[3]
2093056 blocks super 1.2 512K chunks 2 near-copies [8/8] [UUUUUUUU]
unused devices: <none>
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md12
md123 md124 md125 md126 md127
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md123
/dev/md123:
Version : 1.0
Creation Time : Sun Nov 28 10:07:23 2021
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 204736 (199.94 MiB 209.65 MB)
Used Dev Size : 204736 (199.94 MiB 209.65 MB)
Raid Devices : 8
Total Devices : 8
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Sun Dec 31 01:00:04 2023
State : clean
Active Devices : 8
Working Devices : 8
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Name : boot_efi
UUID : f0f402f2:cdf1d443:8ef69168:9e61cca3
Events : 644
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 4 0 active sync /dev/sda4
9 8 20 1 active sync /dev/sdb4
10 8 36 2 active sync /dev/sdc4
3 8 52 3 active sync /dev/sdd4
4 8 84 4 active sync /dev/sdf4
5 8 100 5 active sync /dev/sdg4
6 8 116 6 active sync /dev/sdh4
8 8 68 7 active sync /dev/sde4
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md124
/dev/md124:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Nov 28 10:01:31 2021
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 1841541120 (1756.23 GiB 1885.74 GB)
Used Dev Size : 460385280 (439.06 GiB 471.43 GB)
Raid Devices : 8
Total Devices : 8
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Sat Jan 6 11:03:14 2024
State : active
Active Devices : 8
Working Devices : 8
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Name : vm_images
UUID : a88079e5:87afdc5a:ace3b41f:11cb43c0
Events : 280803
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 1 0 active sync set-A /dev/sda1
9 8 17 1 active sync set-B /dev/sdb1
10 8 33 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdc1
3 8 49 3 active sync set-B /dev/sdd1
4 8 81 4 active sync set-A /dev/sdf1
5 8 97 5 active sync set-B /dev/sdg1
6 8 113 6 active sync set-A /dev/sdh1
8 8 65 7 active sync set-B /dev/sde1
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md125
/dev/md125:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Nov 28 10:07:16 2021
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
Used Dev Size : 1046528 (1022.00 MiB 1071.64 MB)
Raid Devices : 8
Total Devices : 8
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Wed Jan 3 09:46:31 2024
State : clean
Active Devices : 8
Working Devices : 8
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Name : boot
UUID : f2c80fb6:2b15cd8b:0b9968b3:c776c45e
Events : 726
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 5 0 active sync /dev/sda5
9 8 21 1 active sync /dev/sdb5
10 8 37 2 active sync /dev/sdc5
3 8 53 3 active sync /dev/sdd5
4 8 85 4 active sync /dev/sdf5
5 8 101 5 active sync /dev/sdg5
6 8 117 6 active sync /dev/sdh5
8 8 69 7 active sync /dev/sde5
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md126
/dev/md126:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Nov 28 10:07:07 2021
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 26193920 (24.98 GiB 26.82 GB)
Used Dev Size : 6548480 (6.25 GiB 6.71 GB)
Raid Devices : 8
Total Devices : 8
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Sat Jan 6 11:10:48 2024
State : clean
Active Devices : 8
Working Devices : 8
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Name : root
UUID : 01f17235:c48db095:1dd7d4c7:6a78beed
Events : 950594
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 2 0 active sync set-A /dev/sda2
9 8 18 1 active sync set-B /dev/sdb2
10 8 34 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdc2
3 8 50 3 active sync set-B /dev/sdd2
4 8 82 4 active sync set-A /dev/sdf2
5 8 98 5 active sync set-B /dev/sdg2
6 8 114 6 active sync set-A /dev/sdh2
8 8 66 7 active sync set-B /dev/sde2
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md12
md123 md124 md125 md126 md127
[root@nebula208-1 ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md127
/dev/md127:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun Nov 28 10:07:29 2021
Raid Level : raid10
Array Size : 2093056 (2044.00 MiB 2143.29 MB)
Used Dev Size : 523264 (511.00 MiB 535.82 MB)
Raid Devices : 8
Total Devices : 8
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sat Jan 6 03:07:05 2024
State : clean
Active Devices : 8
Working Devices : 8
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : near=2
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : resync
Name : swap
UUID : d5dc111a:9935871c:6b7c4333:304a60f3
Events : 389689
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync set-A /dev/sda3
9 8 19 1 active sync set-B /dev/sdb3
10 8 35 2 active sync set-A /dev/sdc3
3 8 51 3 active sync set-B /dev/sdd3
4 8 83 4 active sync set-A /dev/sdf3
5 8 99 5 active sync set-B /dev/sdg3
6 8 115 6 active sync set-A /dev/sdh3
8 8 67 7 active sync set-B /dev/sde3