我在迷你电脑上安装新的 Debian 12 时没有声音。 PC 通过 HDMI 连接到电视。我尝试过使用pipewire、仅使用alsa、使用pipewire-pulse 进行测试。我还尝试测试通过 AUX 端口插入耳机。从来没有任何声音
硬件信息
█[coolby][~][0]$ inxi
CPU: dual core Intel Celeron N3350 (-MCP-) speed/min/max: 2391/800/2400 MHz
Kernel: 6.1.0-17-amd64 x86_64 Up: 1d 21h 29m Mem: 1786.0/5773.7 MiB (30.9%)
Storage: 58.23 GiB (22.5% used) Procs: 191 Shell: Bash inxi: 3.3.26
█[coolby][~][0]$ inxi -SAG
System:
Host: coolby Kernel: 6.1.0-17-amd64 arch: x86_64 bits: 64 Desktop: N/A
Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
Graphics:
Device-1: Intel HD Graphics 500 driver: i915 v: kernel
Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.7 driver: X: loaded: modesetting
unloaded: fbdev,vesa dri: iris gpu: i915 resolution: 1920x1080~60Hz
API: OpenGL v: 4.6 Mesa 22.3.6 renderer: Mesa Intel HD Graphics 500 (APL
2)
Audio:
Device-1: Intel Celeron N3350/Pentium N4200/Atom E3900 Series Audio Cluster
driver: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl
API: ALSA v: k6.1.0-17-amd64 status: kernel-api
Server-1: PipeWire v: 0.3.65 status: active
█[coolby][~][0]$
操作系统
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
Release: 12
Codename: bookworm
固件
[coolby][~][1]$ sudo journalctl -k | grep -Ei "ALSA|HDA|sof[-]|HDMI|snd[_-]|sound|hda.codec|hda.intel"
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: snd_hda_intel 0000:00:0e.0: DSP detected with PCI class/subclass/prog-if info 0x040100
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: snd_soc_skl 0000:00:0e.0: DSP detected with PCI class/subclass/prog-if info 0x040100
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: DSP detected with PCI class/subclass/prog-if info 0x040100
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: DSP detected with PCI class/subclass/prog-if 0x040100
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_audio_component_bind_ops [i915])
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: use msi interrupt mode
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: NHLT_DEVICE_I2S detected, ssp_mask 0x1
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: Overriding topology with MCLK mask 0x2 from NHLT
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: hda codecs found, mask 4
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware intel/sof/sof-apl.ri
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: Firmware info: version 2:2:0-57864
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: Firmware: ABI 3:22:1 Kernel ABI 3:23:0
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: unknown sof_ext_man header type 3 size 0x30
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: Firmware info: version 2:2:0-57864
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: Firmware: ABI 3:22:1 Kernel ABI 3:23:0
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-essx8336 sof-essx8336: quirk mask 0x0
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-essx8336 sof-essx8336: quirk SSP0
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware intel/sof-tplg/sof-apl-es8336-ssp0.tplg
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-audio-pci-intel-apl 0000:00:0e.0: Topology: ABI 3:22:1 Kernel ABI 3:23:0
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: sof-essx8336 sof-essx8336: ASoC: Parent card not yet available, widget card binding deferred
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: input: sof-essx8336 Headset as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0e.0/sof-essx8336/sound/card0/input21
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: input: sof-essx8336 HDMI/DP,pcm=5 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0e.0/sof-essx8336/sound/card0/input22
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: input: sof-essx8336 HDMI/DP,pcm=6 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0e.0/sof-essx8336/sound/card0/input23
Jan 27 03:43:17 coolby kernel: input: sof-essx8336 HDMI/DP,pcm=7 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0e.0/sof-essx8336/sound/card0/input24
帕武控制
通过 pipeline-pulse 进行的 Pavucontrol 似乎显示条形音箱正在移动，但即使在切换到各种输出和配置后也没有声音。
没有“HDMI”配置或配置文件，只有“扬声器”和“专业音频”，两者似乎都没有发出任何声音：
声卡
█[coolby][~][0]$ sudo cat /proc/asound/cards
0 [sofessx8336 ]: sof-essx8336 - sof-essx8336
intel-AB2L-Defaultstring
█[coolby][~][130]$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: sofessx8336 [sof-essx8336], device 0: ES8336 (*) []
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: sofessx8336 [sof-essx8336], device 5: HDMI 1 (*) []
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: sofessx8336 [sof-essx8336], device 6: HDMI 2 (*) []
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: sofessx8336 [sof-essx8336], device 7: HDMI 3 (*) []
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
█[coolby][~][0]$
aplay -LHDMI列出几张卡，其名称中均不包含以下内容：
█[coolby][~][1]$ aplay -L
null
Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
lavrate
Rate Converter Plugin Using Libav/FFmpeg Library
samplerate
Rate Converter Plugin Using Samplerate Library
speexrate
Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler
jack
JACK Audio Connection Kit
oss
Open Sound System
pipewire
PipeWire Sound Server
pulse
PulseAudio Sound Server
speex
Plugin using Speex DSP (resample, agc, denoise, echo, dereverb)
upmix
Plugin for channel upmix (4,6,8)
vdownmix
Plugin for channel downmix (stereo) with a simple spacialization
default
Default ALSA Output (currently PipeWire Media Server)
hw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=0
sof-essx8336,
Direct hardware device without any conversions
hw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=5
sof-essx8336,
Direct hardware device without any conversions
hw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=6
sof-essx8336,
Direct hardware device without any conversions
hw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=7
sof-essx8336,
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=0
sof-essx8336,
Hardware device with all software conversions
plughw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=5
sof-essx8336,
Hardware device with all software conversions
plughw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=6
sof-essx8336,
Hardware device with all software conversions
plughw:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=7
sof-essx8336,
Hardware device with all software conversions
sysdefault:CARD=sofessx8336
sof-essx8336,
Default Audio Device
dmix:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=0
sof-essx8336,
Direct sample mixing device
dmix:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=5
sof-essx8336,
Direct sample mixing device
dmix:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=6
sof-essx8336,
Direct sample mixing device
dmix:CARD=sofessx8336,DEV=7
sof-essx8336,
Direct sample mixing device
usbstream:CARD=sofessx8336
sof-essx8336
USB Stream Output
█[coolby][~][0]$
我尝试通过扬声器测试将这些声卡中的每一个都连接起来，但从来没有声音。我还通过 AUX 线插入扬声器/耳机，但没有声音。
另外，pactl list-sinks仅列出一张卡：
█[coolby][~][0]$ pactl list sinks
Sink #41
State: IDLE
Name: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_0e.0-platform-sof-essx8336.stereo-fallback
Description: Celeron N3350/Pentium N4200/Atom E3900 Series Audio Cluster Stereo
Driver: PipeWire
Sample Specification: s32le 2ch 48000Hz
Channel Map: front-left,front-right
Owner Module: 4294967295
Mute: no
Volume: front-left: 47038 / 72% / -8.64 dB, front-right: 47038 / 72% / -8.64 dB
balance 0.00
Base Volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
Monitor Source: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_0e.0-platform-sof-essx8336.stereo-fallback.monitor
Latency: 0 usec, configured 0 usec
Flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
Properties:
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "sof-essx8336"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_soc_sof_es8336"
alsa.id = "ES8336 (*)"
alsa.long_card_name = "intel-AB2L-Defaultstring"
alsa.name = ""
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
api.alsa.card.longname = "intel-AB2L-Defaultstring"
api.alsa.card.name = "sof-essx8336"
api.alsa.path = "hw:0"
api.alsa.pcm.card = "0"
api.alsa.pcm.stream = "playback"
audio.channels = "2"
audio.position = "FL,FR"
card.profile.device = "6"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
device.id = "40"
device.profile.description = "Stereo"
device.profile.name = "stereo-fallback"
device.routes = "2"
factory.name = "api.alsa.pcm.sink"
media.class = "Audio/Sink"
device.description = "Celeron N3350/Pentium N4200/Atom E3900 Series Audio Cluster"
node.name = "alsa_output.pci-0000_00_0e.0-platform-sof-essx8336.stereo-fallback"
node.nick = "Stereo"
node.pause-on-idle = "false"
object.path = "alsa:pcm:0:hw:0:playback"
priority.driver = "1000"
priority.session = "1000"
factory.id = "18"
clock.quantum-limit = "8192"
client.id = "33"
node.driver = "true"
factory.mode = "merge"
audio.adapt.follower = ""
library.name = "audioconvert/libspa-audioconvert"
object.id = "41"
object.serial = "41"
node.max-latency = "4096/48000"
api.alsa.period-size = "1024"
api.alsa.period-num = "8"
api.alsa.headroom = "0"
api.acp.auto-port = "false"
api.acp.auto-profile = "false"
api.alsa.card = "0"
api.alsa.use-acp = "true"
api.dbus.ReserveDevice1 = "Audio0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:0e.0-platform-sof-essx8336"
device.enum.api = "udev"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-analog-pci"
device.name = "alsa_card.pci-0000_00_0e.0-platform-sof-essx8336"
device.nick = "sof-essx8336"
device.plugged.usec = "30160517"
device.product.id = "0x5a98"
device.product.name = "Celeron N3350/Pentium N4200/Atom E3900 Series Audio Cluster"
device.subsystem = "sound"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:0e.0/sof-essx8336/sound/card0"
device.vendor.id = "0x8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.string = "0"
Ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (type: Speaker, priority: 10000, not available)
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (type: Headphones, priority: 9900, availability group: Legacy 1, availability unknown)
Active Port: analog-output-headphones
Formats:
pcm
展示
系统通过 HDMI 连接到带扬声器的电视，该电视上的声音与其他设备配合良好：
█[coolby][~][0]$ xrandr -q
Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1920 x 1080, maximum 16384 x 16384
DP-1 disconnected primary (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
HDMI-1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
HDMI-2 connected 1920x1080+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 853mm x 480mm
1920x1080 60.00*+ 59.94 30.00 24.00 29.97 23.98
1920x1080i 60.00 59.94
1680x1050 59.88
1280x1024 75.02 60.02
1440x900 59.90
1280x960 60.00
1360x768 60.02
1280x800 59.91
1152x864 75.00
1280x720 60.00 60.00 59.94
1024x768 75.03 70.07 60.00
800x600 72.19 75.00 60.32
720x480 60.00 59.94
720x480i 60.00 59.94
640x480 75.00 72.81 60.00 59.94
720x400 70.08
█[coolby][~][0]$
扬声器测试
这些看似成功，但没有声音。
█[coolby][~][1]$ speaker-test -l5 -D plughw:0,5
speaker-test 1.2.8
Playback device is plughw:0,5
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 1 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Rate set to 48000Hz (requested 48000Hz)
Buffer size range from 96 to 16384
Period size range from 48 to 4096
Using max buffer size 16384
Periods = 4
was set period_size = 4096
was set buffer_size = 16384
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.646839
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.985025
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986957
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.986913
0 - Front Left
Time per period = 2.985883
█[coolby][~][0]$ speaker-test -l5 -D plughw:0,6
speaker-test 1.2.8
Playback device is plughw:0,6
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 1 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Rate set to 48000Hz (requested 48000Hz)
Buffer size range from 96 to 16384
Period size range from 48 to 4096
Using max buffer size 16384
Periods = 4
was set period_size = 4096
was set buffer_size = 16384
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.645836
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.985933
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.986965
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.986956
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.981944
█[coolby][~][0]$ speaker-test -l5 -D plughw:0,7
speaker-test 1.2.8
Playback device is plughw:0,7
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 1 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Rate set to 48000Hz (requested 48000Hz)
Buffer size range from 96 to 16384
Period size range from 48 to 4096
Using max buffer size 16384
Periods = 4
was set period_size = 4096
was set buffer_size = 16384
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.646129
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.986089
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.986616
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.986962
0 - Unknown
Time per period = 2.984837
█[coolby][~][0]$
产品详情
Coolby Yealbox MINI PC Intel Celeron N3350 Processor Windows 10 system 6GB RAM 64GB ROM M.2 Slot 4K HD Office Desktop MINI Computer
Details
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Power Mode: Power Supply
Operating Voltage: 110V/220V
Plug Specification: US Plug
Connectivity Technology: USB
CPU Manufacturer: Intel
Wireless Communication Standard: 2.4 ghz radio frequency
Processor Type: Intel Celeron*
Graphics Processor Manufacturer: Intel
Graphics Type: Integrated
Usage: Multimedia
Wireless Connection Type: Wifi
Hard Drive Type: Ssd
Graphics Processor: Inteluhdgraphics600
Memory Technology: Ddr3
Operating System: Windows10pro
Graphics Card Interface: Integrated
Total Video Out Ports: 1
Battery Properties: Without Battery
Brand: Coolby
Connectivity Type: None
Wireless Property: With Wi-Fi function
如何进一步排除这台迷你电脑上的音频故障？
答案1
我刚刚在 MX23（基于 Debian 12）上遇到了这个问题。 MX23 使用管道线脉冲。
我必须转到音量控制或系统托盘音量控制，然后选择内置音频配置文件：专业音频。之后我就有声音了。
希望这可以帮助。