设置

Question

设置

1. 我在 kerberos.domain.intranet 有一些基本的 KDC 设置（这是在我自己的 Intranet DNS 中）
2. 我在 xux.domain.intranet 上有另一台机器（这是 SSH 的目标机器）
3. host/xux.domain.intranet我使用 kadmin.local 和命令在 KDC 计算机中设置主体ank -randkey host/[email protected]
4. 然后，A 提取了主体的密钥表并将其发送到路径中的withktadd -k /tmp/krb5.keytab host/[email protected]xux.domain.intranetscp/etc/krb5.keytab
5. 然后我确实确保自己在 sshd 服务器和客户端的 ssh 客户端中启用了 GSSAPI，并且与其他两台机器不同。
6. 然后向 KDC 添加另一个主体，名为[email protected]
7. echo testprin > ~/.k5login在 xux 机器中以 root 帐户运行

/etc/krbc.conf在xux.domain.intranet

includedir  /etc/krb5.conf.d

[libdefaults]
    dns_canonicalize_hostname = false
    rdns = false
    default_realm = DOMAIN.INTRANET
    default_ccache_name = KEYRING:persistent:%{uid}
    default_keytab_name = /etc/krb5.keytab

[realms]
        RAYMWM.MWM = {
                kdc = kerberos.DOMAIN.INTRANET
                admin_server = kerberos.DOMAIN.INTRANET
        }

[logging]
    kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5/krb5kdc.log
    admin_server = FILE:/var/log/krb5/kadmind.log
    default = SYSLOG:NOTICE:DAEMON

/etc/ssh/sshd_conf在xux.domain.intranet

#   $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.103 2018/04/09 20:41:22 tj Exp $

# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file.  See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.

# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented.  Uncommented options override the
# default value.

#Port 22
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::

#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key

# Ciphers and keying
#RekeyLimit default none

# Logging
#SyslogFacility AUTH
#LogLevel INFO

# Authentication:

#LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin yes
#StrictModes yes
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10

#PubkeyAuthentication yes

# The default is to check both .ssh/authorized_keys and .ssh/authorized_keys2
# but this is overridden so installations will only check .ssh/authorized_keys
AuthorizedKeysFile  .ssh/authorized_keys

#AuthorizedPrincipalsFile none

#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandUser nobody

# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
#HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
#IgnoreRhosts yes

# To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!
PasswordAuthentication no
PermitEmptyPasswords no

# Change to no to disable s/key passwords
#ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes

# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
#KerberosGetAFSToken no

# GSSAPI options
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
GSSAPIKeyExchange yes

# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication.  Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM yes

#AllowAgentForwarding yes
#AllowTcpForwarding yes
#GatewayPorts no
X11Forwarding yes
#X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
#PermitTTY yes
#PrintMotd yes
#PrintLastLog yes
#TCPKeepAlive yes
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#UseDNS no
#PidFile /run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
#PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
#VersionAddendum none

# no default banner path
#Banner none

# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem   sftp    /usr/lib/ssh/sftp-server

# This enables accepting locale enviroment variables LC_* LANG, see sshd_config(5).
AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL

# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
#   X11Forwarding no
#   AllowTcpForwarding no
#   PermitTTY no
#   ForceCommand cvs server

/etc/ssh/ssh_config在客户端机器上

#   $OpenBSD: ssh_config,v 1.35 2020/07/17 03:43:42 dtucker Exp $

# This is the ssh client system-wide configuration file.  See
# ssh_config(5) for more information.  This file provides defaults for
# users, and the values can be changed in per-user configuration files
# or on the command line.

# Configuration data is parsed as follows:
#  1. command line options
#  2. user-specific file
#  3. system-wide file
# Any configuration value is only changed the first time it is set.
# Thus, host-specific definitions should be at the beginning of the
# configuration file, and defaults at the end.

# Site-wide defaults for some commonly used options.  For a comprehensive
# list of available options, their meanings and defaults, please see the
# ssh_config(5) man page.

Host *
#   ForwardAgent no
#   ForwardX11 no

# If you do not trust your remote host (or its administrator), you
# should not forward X11 connections to your local X11-display for
# security reasons: Someone stealing the authentification data on the
# remote side (the "spoofed" X-server by the remote sshd) can read your
# keystrokes as you type, just like any other X11 client could do.
# Set this to "no" here for global effect or in your own ~/.ssh/config
# file if you want to have the remote X11 authentification data to 
# expire after twenty minutes after remote login.
    ForwardX11Trusted yes

# This enables sending locale enviroment variables LC_* LANG, see ssh_config(5).
    SendEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
    SendEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
    SendEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL

#   PasswordAuthentication yes
#   HostbasedAuthentication no
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
GSSAPIDelegateCredentials yes
GSSAPIKeyExchange yes
#   GSSAPITrustDNS no
#   BatchMode no
#   CheckHostIP yes
#   AddressFamily any
#   ConnectTimeout 0
#   StrictHostKeyChecking ask
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_dsa
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
#   IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
#   Port 22
#   Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc
#   MACs hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected]
#   EscapeChar ~
#   Tunnel no
#   TunnelDevice any:any
#   PermitLocalCommand no
#   VisualHostKey no
#   ProxyCommand ssh -q -W %h:%p gateway.example.com
#   RekeyLimit 1G 1h
#   UserKnownHostsFile ~/.ssh/known_hosts.d/%k

错误：

1. 我在客户端机器上运行kinit -p [email protected]
2. 然后尝试xux.domain.intranet使用登录，但由于要求输入密码而不是进入目标计算机而失败。它给出了以下错误：ssh -vvv [email protected]

 OpenSSH_8.4p1, OpenSSL 1.1.1l-fips  24 Aug 2021 SUSE release 150500.17.22.1
debug1: Reading configuration data /home/USERNAME/.ssh/config
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 20: Applying options for *
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts' -> '/home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts'
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts2' -> '/home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts2'
debug2: resolving "xux.domain.intranet" port 22
debug2: ssh_connect_direct
debug1: Connecting to xux.domain.intranet [192.168.0.239] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ed25519 type 3
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.4
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_8.4
debug1: match: OpenSSH_8.4 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to xux.domain.intranet:22 as 'root'
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts:24
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from xux.domain.intranet
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: have matching best-preference key type [email protected], using HostkeyAlgorithms verbatim
debug1: Offering GSSAPI proposal: gss-gex-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==,gss-group14-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==,gss-gex-sha1-eipGX3TCiQSrx573bT1o1Q==,gss-group14-sha1-eipGX3TCiQSrx573bT1o1Q==
debug3: send packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug3: receive packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: gss-gex-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==,gss-group14-sha1-toWM5Slw5Ew8Mqkay+al2g==,gss-gex-sha1-eipGX3TCiQSrx573bT1o1Q==,gss-group14-sha1-eipGX3TCiQSrx573bT1o1Q==,curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c,[email protected]
debug2: host key algorithms: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],ssh-ed25519,[email protected],rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,null
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected]
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected]
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256 need=64 dh_need=64
debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256 need=64 dh_need=64
debug3: send packet: type 30
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug3: receive packet: type 31
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:O3+90rcJZW4HEs/J49XF6rsxdY1ht1QlR+2vANOMN8M
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts:24
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from xux.domain.intranet
debug3: hostkeys_foreach: reading file "/home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ECDSA in file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts:24
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys from 192.168.0.239
debug1: Host 'xux.domain.intranet' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/USERNAME/.ssh/known_hosts:24
debug3: send packet: type 21
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug3: receive packet: type 21
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ed25519 ED25519 SHA256:JjeQnEJb7nm13W46edAgER0NWlKc1Rk+n04MISoI0B4
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/USERNAME/.ssh/id_xmss
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug3: send packet: type 5
debug3: receive packet: type 7
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,[email protected],ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected]>
debug3: receive packet: type 6
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive
debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup gssapi-keyex
debug3: remaining preferred: gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled gssapi-keyex
debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-keyex
debug1: No valid Key exchange context
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug3: authmethod_lookup gssapi-with-mic
debug3: remaining preferred: publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled gssapi-with-mic
debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug2: we sent a gssapi-with-mic packet, wait for reply
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug2: we sent a gssapi-with-mic packet, wait for reply
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey

Answer 1

您没有将正确的主体添加到.k5login.主体全名是[email protected],不是只是testprin。

（后者可能如果主体领域实际上与服务器的默认领域匹配，则已经起作用，但在这种情况下，它们是不同的 - 主体来自领域 DOMAIN.COM，而服务器将 DOMAIN.INTRANET 作为其默认领域 - 因此客户端主体是“非local”并且没有进行领域剥离。但即使领域相同，我也不认为这在 .k5login 中有效；我似乎记得它总是需要带有完整领域的主体名称。）