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重叠的 TikZ 节点看起来像胶带条

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重叠的 TikZ 节点看起来像胶带条

朋友们，我需要突出显示特定的字母。我的字母集仅包含A、、和，所以我决定让它们看起来像一条胶带（类似于老式的图灵机胶带）。以下代码很难实现这一点。由于我有一组不可变的字母和一个定义的顺序，所以我使用了包。NCQPxstring

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{xstring}

\newcommand*\myblackbox[1]{%
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[draw,inner sep=1pt, minimum height=0.2cm, minimum width=0.2cm] {\tiny\tt\raisebox{0pt}[\height][0pt]{#1}};
  \end{tikzpicture}}

\newcommand*\mygraybox[1]{%
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[draw,inner sep=1pt, draw=gray!60, minimum height=0.2cm, minimum width=0.2cm] {\color{gray!60}\tiny\tt\raisebox{0pt}[\height][0pt]{#1}};
  \end{tikzpicture}}

\DeclareRobustCommand*\drawboxes[1]{%
\IfSubStr{#1}{A}{\myblackbox{A}}{\mygraybox{A}}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{N}{\myblackbox{N}}{\mygraybox{N}}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{C}{\myblackbox{C}}{\mygraybox{C}}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{Q}{\myblackbox{Q}}{\mygraybox{Q}}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{P}{\myblackbox{P}~}{\mygraybox{P}~}}

\begin{document}

\drawboxes{ACQ} Hello world.

\end{document}

这是输出：

条

这些方块并排排列。到目前为止一切顺利，但我想让它们稍微重叠，如下所示：

地带 2

黑框的优先级更高，所以它们需要位于灰色框的上方。我的解决方案非常简单，所以我知道可能的解决方案可能有另一种方法。

有任何想法吗？

答案1

我会将所有节点放入一个中tikzpicture，为所有节点赋予一个outer xsep=0pt（这意味着节点的边缘定义为边界线的中间），使用node distance0pt 的链放置它们，然后使用backgrounds库将灰色节点放在黑色节点后面\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}...\end{pgfonlayer}。

（代码的一些额外优化：您可以使用font=\tiny\tt在节点样式中定义字体选项；而不是使用，raisebox您可以定义所有节点都有text depth=0pt；并且在节点选项中设置颜色意味着您不必\color在节点文本中使用）。

tikz 胶带字母

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{chains,backgrounds}

\usepackage{xstring}

\tikzset{
    tape node/.style={
        on chain,
        draw,
        inner sep=1pt,
        outer xsep=0pt,
        minimum height=0.2cm,
        minimum width=0.2cm,
        text depth=0pt,
        font=\tiny\tt
    }
}

\newcommand*\myblackbox[1]{%
    \node[
        tape node
    ] {#1};
}

\newcommand*\mygraybox[1]{%
    \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
        \node[
            tape node,
            gray!60
        ] {#1};
    \end{pgfonlayer}
}

\DeclareRobustCommand*\drawboxes[1]{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[
        start chain=going right,
        node distance=0pt
    ]
    \IfSubStr{#1}{A}{\myblackbox{A}}{\mygraybox{A}}%
    \IfSubStr{#1}{N}{\myblackbox{N}}{\mygraybox{N}}%
    \IfSubStr{#1}{C}{\myblackbox{C}}{\mygraybox{C}}%
    \IfSubStr{#1}{Q}{\myblackbox{Q}}{\mygraybox{Q}}%
    \IfSubStr{#1}{P}{\myblackbox{P}~}{\mygraybox{P}~}
\end{tikzpicture}
}

\begin{document}

\drawboxes{ACQ} Hello world.
\end{document}

答案2

这是 Jake 答案的一个版本，没有chain。我从没有链的 tikz 1.1 开始，我不使用它。我maximum width只使用了一个宏。我保留了好东西text depth layers， font然后添加了一个foreach。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\usepackage{xstring}

\tikzset{
    tape node/.style={
        anchor       = west, % to replace the chain
        #1,
        draw,
        inner sep    = 1pt,
        outer xsep   = 0pt,
        minimum size = 0.2cm,
        text depth   = 0pt,
        font=\tiny\tt
    }
}

\newcommand*\mybox[3]{%
    \begin{pgfonlayer}{#3}
        \node[tape node = #2](last) at (last.east) {#1};% my chain
    \end{pgfonlayer}
}

\DeclareRobustCommand*\drawboxes[1]{%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[inner sep=0pt](last){}; % to start "my" chain
\foreach \letter in {A,N,C,Q,P} {% more easy to adapt
    \IfSubStr{#1}{\letter}{%
         \mybox{\letter}{black}{main}}{%
         \mybox{\letter}{gray!60}{background}
         }
     }  
\end{tikzpicture}
}

\begin{document}
\drawboxes{ACQ} Hello world.
\end{document}

答案3

根据您的原始代码，使用\pgflinewidth和不透明度的减法，正如 Andrew Stacey 在 Jake 的答案的评论中所建议的那样。

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{xstring}

\newcommand*\myblackbox[1]{%
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[
      draw,
      inner sep=1pt,
      minimum height=0.2cm,
      minimum width=0.2cm
    ] {\tiny\tt\raisebox{0pt}[\height][0pt]{#1}};
  \end{tikzpicture}%
}

\newcommand*\mygraybox[1]{%
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[
      draw,
      inner sep=1pt,
      minimum height=0.2cm,
      minimum width=0.2cm,
      opacity=0.4
    ] {\tiny\tt\raisebox{0pt}[\height][0pt]{#1}};
  \end{tikzpicture}%
}

\DeclareRobustCommand*\drawboxes[1]{%
\IfSubStr{#1}{A}{\myblackbox{A}}{\mygraybox{A}}\hspace{-\pgflinewidth}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{N}{\myblackbox{N}}{\mygraybox{N}}\hspace{-\pgflinewidth}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{C}{\myblackbox{C}}{\mygraybox{C}}\hspace{-\pgflinewidth}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{Q}{\myblackbox{Q}}{\mygraybox{Q}}\hspace{-\pgflinewidth}%
\IfSubStr{#1}{P}{\myblackbox{P}~}{\mygraybox{P}~}}

\begin{document}

\drawboxes{ACQ} Hello world.

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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