我在排列页面上的浮动元素时遇到了麻烦。例如，请参见下面的屏幕截图：
为什么会这样？这个特定的小节中只有这么多文本，那么为什么 Latex 不将表格放在文本后面并开始下一个小节呢？
表格不受任何宽度限制。
\begin{table}
\caption{Effect of biofilm density on the drag and oscillation behavior. The
para\-meters used in the simulation are: $L/d=4.5$, $U_{0}=\SI{0.4}{\meter\per\second}$
($Re_{D}=133$).\label{tab:Effect-of-biofilm-density}}
\begin{tabular*}{0.8\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}cccc>{\centering}p{0.15\textwidth}}
\toprule
Density (\si{\kilogram\per\cubic\meter}) & $C_{D}$ (-) & Oscillation Frequency (\si{\hertz}) & Amplitude (\si{\micro\meter}) & Strouhal Number (-)\tabularnewline
\midrule
\num{950} & \num{1.2838} & 199.6 & 169 & 0.1662\tabularnewline
\num{1000} & \num{1.2913} & 199.0 & 181 & 0.1658\tabularnewline
\num{1100} & \num{1.2950} & 196.9 & 177 & 0.1639\tabularnewline
\num{1200} & \num{1.2988} & 195.2 & 182 & 0.1625\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\end{table}
以下是我的序言：
\usepackage{mathptmx}
\renewcommand*{\rmdefault}{ppl}
\renewcommand*{\sfdefault}{ppl}
\newcommand\hmmax{0} % default 3
%\usepackage{floatrow}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\definecolor{darkred}{rgb}{0.667,0.118,0.004}
\definecolor{codebg}{rgb}{0.95,0.95,0.95}
\definecolor{lgreen}{HTML}{b8b60b}
\usepackage[tocgraduated]{tocstyle}
\usetocstyle{nopagecolumn}
\usepackage{prettyref}
\newrefformat{eq}{Equation~\textup{(\ref{#1})}}
\newrefformat{chap}{Chapter~\ref{#1}}
\newrefformat{sec}{Section~\ref{#1}}
\newrefformat{sub}{Section~\ref{#1}}
\newrefformat{tab}{Table~\ref{#1}}
\newrefformat{fig}{Figure~\ref{#1}}
% schönerer Blocksatz!!
\usepackage{microtype}
\@ifpackageloaded{nomencl}{
\renewcommand{\nomname}{List of Notations}
\renewcommand*{\pagedeclaration}[1]{\unskip\dotfill\hyperpage{#1}}
}{}
%\setlength{\nomitemsep}{-\parsep}
%todo notes
\usepackage[colorinlistoftodos]{todonotes}
\newcommand{\todog}[1]{\todo[color=lgreen]{#1}}
\newcommand{\todor}[1]{\todo[color=red!40]{#1}}
\newcommand{\todob}[1]{\todo[color=blue!40]{#1}}
%/todo notes
\usepackage[]{titlesec}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\scshape\small}{\filleft\rmfamily\fontsize{72pt}{10pt}\selectfont\textcolor{darkred}\thechapter}{1ex}{\rmfamily\Huge\itshape\filleft}[\vspace{2ex}]
\usepackage{booktabs}
%mass transfer paper
\usepackage{siunitx}
\sisetup{inter-unit-product={}\cdot{},number-unit-product = \;}
%end mass transfer paper
%show vectors in bold
\usepackage{bm}
\DeclareRobustCommand\vec[1]{%
\ifcat\noexpand#1\relax
\expandafter\bm
\else
\expandafter\mathbf
\fi{#1}}
%end renew commands
\usepackage[indention={.5cm},font={small,rm},format={plain},labelfont={rm,bf,up},textfont={rm,up}]{caption}
%-------center everything----------[
\usepackage{ifthen}
\renewenvironment{figure}[1][]{%
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}{%
\@float{figure}
}{%
\@float{figure}[#1]%
}%
\centering
}{%
\end@float
}
\renewenvironment{table}[1][]{%
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}{%
\@float{table}
}{%
\@float{table}[#1]%
}%
\centering
}{%
\end@float
}
%]----------centering-------------
\@ifpackageloaded{nomencl}{
\renewcommand{\nomname}{List of Symbols}
\renewcommand{\nomgroup}[1]{%
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{A}}{\item[\textbf{Roman Symbols}]}{%
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{G}}{\item[\textbf{Greek Symbols}]}{%
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{C}}{\item[\textbf{Abbreviations}]}{%
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{S}}{\item[\textbf{Subscripts}]}{%
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{T}}{\item[\textbf{Superscripts}]}{
\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{Z}}{\item[\textbf{Mathematical Symbols}]}
{}
}% matches mathematical symbols
}% matches Subscripts
}% matches Superscripts
}% matches Abbreviations
}% matches Greek Symbols
}% matches Roman Symbols
}{}
% for correct jump positions whe clicking on a link to a float
%\usepackage[figure]{hypcap}
\definecolor{chaptercolor}{rgb}{.176,0,.367}
\addtokomafont{chapter}{\color{darkred}}
\addtokomafont{part}{\color{darkred}}
\addtokomafont{section}{\rmfamily\itshape}
\addtokomafont{subsection}{\rmfamily\itshape}
\addtokomafont{paragraph}{\normalfont\upshape\rmfamily\itshape}
\renewcommand*{\addparttocentry}[2]{%
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\partname\nobreakspace \protect\numberline{#1}#2}%
}
\usepackage{verbatim} % Mostly for the comment environment.
\newenvironment{mylisting}
{\begin{list}{}{\setlength{\leftmargin}{1em}}\item\scriptsize\bfseries}
{\end{list}}
\newenvironment{mytinylisting}
{\begin{list}{}{\setlength{\leftmargin}{1em}}\item\tiny\bfseries}
{\end{list}}
\usepackage{bigints}
\usepackage[font=small]{idxlayout}
%ornament
\usepackage{fourier-orns}
\newcommand*\myhrulefill{%
\leavevmode\leaders\hrule depth-2pt height 2.4pt\hfill\kern0pt}
\newcommand\niceending[1]{%
\begin{center}%
\LARGE -------------------- \hspace{0.2cm} #1 \hspace{0.2cm} --------------------%
\end{center}}
\newcommand*\nicesectionending{\niceending{\decofourright\decofourleft}}
\newcommand*\nicesubsectionending{\niceending{\aldinesmall}}
%/ornament
\usepackage{tikz}
\newenvironment{elaboration}{%
\par
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[rectangle,minimum width=0.9\textwidth] (m)
\bgroup\begin{minipage}{0.85\textwidth}%
}{%
\end{minipage}\egroup;
\draw[dashed] (m.south west) rectangle (m.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}
}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\clubpenalty = 10000
\widowpenalty = 10000
以下是最小工作示例：
%% LyX 2.0.0 created this file. For more info, see http://www.lyx.org/.
%% Do not edit unless you really know what you are doing.
\documentclass[12pt,oneside,english,titlepage, a4paper, fontsize=12pt]{scrbook}
\usepackage{mathpazo}
\usepackage{helvet}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[latin9]{inputenc}
\usepackage[a4paper]{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,tmargin=2.5cm,bmargin=3.5cm,lmargin=2.5cm,rmargin=2.5cm}
\pagestyle{plain}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{setspace}
\onehalfspacing
\makeatletter
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% LyX specific LaTeX commands.
%% Because html converters don't know tabularnewline
\providecommand{\tabularnewline}{\\}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% User specified LaTeX commands.
\input{preambles/common.sty}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\section{This is a title}
\blindtext
\begin{table}
\caption{Effect of biofilm density on the drag and oscillation behavior. The
para\-meters used in the simulation are: $L/d=4.5$, $U_{0}=\SI{0.4}{\meter\per\second}$
($Re_{D}=133$).\label{tab:Effect-of-biofilm-density-1}}
\begin{tabular*}{0.8\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}cccc>{\centering}p{0.15\textwidth}}
\toprule
Density (\si{\kilogram\per\cubic\meter}) & $C_{D}$ (-) & Oscillation Frequency (\si{\hertz}) & Amplitude (\si{\micro\meter}) & Strouhal Number (-)\tabularnewline
\midrule
\num{950} & \num{1.2838} & 199.6 & 169 & 0.1662\tabularnewline
\num{1000} & \num{1.2913} & 199.0 & 181 & 0.1658\tabularnewline
\num{1100} & \num{1.2950} & 196.9 & 177 & 0.1639\tabularnewline
\num{1200} & \num{1.2988} & 195.2 & 182 & 0.1625\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\end{table}
\section{This is another title}
\blindtext
\end{document}
答案1
通过您的简单示例，可以明显看出：您允许 LaTeX 使用默认浮动位置，而无需指定任何内容。因此，\begin{table}...\end{table}默认为\begin{table}[tbp]...\end{table}。有关此内容的更多信息，请参见这里。
以此为基础，唯一的选择是顶部 [t]或者底部 [b]页面的页其自身[p]。其间的选择由以下长度/计数器控制：
\topfraction（浮点数的最大分数为顶部；默认为0.699）\topnumber（数量顶部允许浮点数；默认为2)\textfraction（默认为0.199）\bottomfraction（浮点数的最大分数为底部；默认为0.300）\bottomnumber（数量底部允许浮点数；默认为1)\totalnumber（每页允许的浮点数；默认值为3）
定义\...number是计数器，因此可以通过 进行更改\setcounter。\...fraction需要使用 来更改定义\renewcommand。从layouts包裹 文档，下图显示了这些参数之间的关系：
这些限制可能已经超过放置浮子在顶部 [t]，导致它被放置在底部 [b]（因为有足够的空间）。添加这里 [h]说明符作为主要偏好应该可以克服这个问题：
\begin{table}[htb]
...
\end{table}
答案2
改变路线
\begin{table}
到
\begin{table}[h]
解决了您的问题。但是您的示例实际上并不是 MWE，因此很难判断问题是什么。以下是我复制您的代码并使用说明符后得到的结果[h]。
