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在 TikZ 中绘制线条尺寸作为装饰

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在 TikZ 中绘制线条尺寸作为装饰

是否可以在 TikZ 中定义一个新的装饰或类似的东西，以便可以写类似的东西：

\draw[dim={text,above}] (A) -- (B);
\draw[dim={text,below}] (C) -- (D);

甚至更好

\draw (A) dim[text,above] (B);
\draw (C) dim[text,below] (C);

得到如下结果：

暗淡

文本的倾斜很重要。

如果可能的话我更喜欢第二种语法，因为这样我可以轻松地组合这样的路径：

\draw (A) dim[text,above] (B) -- (C) -- (D) dim[text] (E) dim[text,below] (F) -- circle;

答案1

更新

结果看起来不错，但代码也许可以改进。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations,decorations.markings,decorations.text}

\begin{document}
 \pgfkeys{/pgf/decoration/.cd,
      distance/.initial=10pt
}  

\pgfdeclaredecoration{add dim}{final}{
\state{final}{% 
\pgfmathsetmacro{\dist}{5pt*\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgf/decoration/distance}/abs(\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgf/decoration/distance})} 
          \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{0pt}}             
          \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{2*\dist}}   
          \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedpathlength}{0pt}} 
          \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{(\pgfdecoratedpathlength}{2*\dist}}
           \pgfusepath{stroke} 
          \pgfsetdash{{0.1cm}{0.1cm}{0.1cm}{0.1cm}}{0cm}     
          \pgfsetarrowsstart{latex}
          \pgfsetarrowsend{latex}  
          \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{\dist}}
          \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedpathlength}{\dist}} 
          \pgfusepath{stroke} 
          \pgfsetdash{}{0pt}
          \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{0pt}}
          \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedpathlength}{0pt}}
}}

\tikzset{dim/.style args={#1,#2}{decoration={add dim,distance=#2},
                decorate,
                postaction={decorate,decoration={text along path,
                                                 raise=#2,
                                                 text align={align=center},
                                                 text={#1}}}}}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\coordinate (A) at (0,0);
\coordinate (B) at (4,2);
\coordinate (C) at (8,-2);

\draw[dim={5 cm,10pt,}]  (A) --  (B);
\draw[dim={7 cm,-15pt}]  (B) --  (C); 

\draw[fill=gray] (A) circle(2pt); 
\draw[fill=gray] (B) circle(2pt);
\draw[fill=gray] (C) circle(2pt);   
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

更新：可能edge

\draw (A) edge [dim={5 cm,10pt}]  (B) 
          edge[dim={7 cm,-15pt}]  (C)
       (B)edge[dim={4 cm,+10pt}]  (C);

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

这是一个解决方案，通过to path，允许使用第二个必需的语法：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[tikz,margin=2mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\tikzset{
  dim above/.style={to path={\pgfextra{
        \pgfinterruptpath
        \draw[>=latex,|<->|] let
        \p1=($(\tikztostart)!2mm!90:(\tikztotarget)$),
        \p2=($(\tikztotarget)!2mm!-90:(\tikztostart)$)
        in(\p1) -- (\p2) node[pos=.5,sloped,above]{#1};
        \endpgfinterruptpath
      }(\tikztostart) -- (\tikztotarget) \tikztonodes
    }
  },
  dim below/.style={to path={\pgfextra{
        \pgfinterruptpath
        \draw[>=latex,|<->|] let 
        \p1=($(\tikztostart)!2mm!90:(\tikztotarget)$),
        \p2=($(\tikztotarget)!2mm!-90:(\tikztostart)$)
        in (\p1) -- (\p2) node[pos=.5,sloped,below]{#1};
        \endpgfinterruptpath
      }(\tikztostart) -- (\tikztotarget) \tikztonodes
    }
  },
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \draw (0,0) to[dim above=text] (4,-2) to[dim below=other text](0,-4);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

改进版本，删除(\tikztostart)

为了得到连续的路径（例如填充），您可以使用：

\documentclass[tikz,margin=2mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\tikzset{
  dim above/.style={to path={\pgfextra{
        \pgfinterruptpath
        \draw[line width=.4pt,>=latex,|<->|] let 
        \p1=($(\tikztostart)!2mm!90:(\tikztotarget)$),
        \p2=($(\tikztotarget)!2mm!-90:(\tikztostart)$)
        in (\p1) -- (\p2) node[text=,pos=.5,sloped,above]{#1};
        \endpgfinterruptpath
      } -- (\tikztotarget) \tikztonodes
    }
  },
  dim below/.style={to path={\pgfextra{
        \pgfinterruptpath
        \draw[line width=.4pt,>=latex,|<->|] let 
        \p1=($(\tikztostart)!2mm!90:(\tikztotarget)$),
        \p2=($(\tikztotarget)!2mm!-90:(\tikztostart)$)
        in (\p1) -- (\p2) node[text=,pos=.5,sloped,below]{#1};
        \endpgfinterruptpath
      } -- (\tikztotarget) \tikztonodes
    }
  }
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \path[draw=blue,text=red,line width=1pt,fill=orange!50,line cap=round,line join=round]
  (0,0)
  to[dim above=first text] (4,-1) node[right] {A}
  to[dim below=second text](-3,-4) node[below left] {B}
  to[dim above=third text] (0,0) node[above=1mm]{C};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

在此期间，对于任何可能对pstricks此样式的版本，它提供了一种在路径之间旋转文本标签的非常直接的方法：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pstricks,pstricks-add}% http://www.tug.org/PSTricks/main.cgi/
\begin{document}
\begin{pspicture}(10,5)
  \pcline{-}(0,0)(3,2)
  \pcline[offset=12pt]{|-|}(0,0)(3,2)
  \ncput*[nrot=:U]{Length}

  \pcline{-}(5,1)(8,0)
  \pcline[offset=-12pt]{|<->|}(5,1)(8,0)
  \nbput[nrot=:U]{Text}
\end{pspicture}
\end{document}

它需要传统的latex-> dvips->ps2pdf或xelatex编译序列（除非你使用auto-pst-pdf）。

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