我有一堆节点，我想调整它们的大小，使它们的面积代表我拥有的一些数字（这样，如果我有两个节点，其对应值分别为 1 和 2，则第二个节点的面积应该是第一个节点的两倍）。我尝试使用minimum size和的某种组合来实现这一点inner sep，但我注意到，如果我设置minimum size为0pt，则具有 的节点inner sep = 2pt的面积不会是具有 的节点的两倍inner sep = 1pt。
答案1
对于节点，您可以设置inner sep=0pt然后使用minimum size（如果节点文本为空或短于声明的大小）来控制区域：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={draw=blue,thick,circle,inner sep=0pt}]
\draw[help lines] (-3,-3) grid (3,3);
\node[minimum size=2cm] (0,0) {};
\node[minimum size=2.828cm] (0,0) {};
\node[minimum size=4cm] (0,0) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
如果要使大小保持固定，而不依赖于节点文本，则可以设置text width（也可能是text height）：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={draw=blue,thick,circle,inner sep=0pt}]
\draw[help lines] (-3,-3) grid (3,3);
\node[text width=2cm] (0,0) {};
\node[text width=2.828cm] (0,0) {};
\node[text width=4cm] (0,0) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
正如 Andrew Stacey 所说，您可以使用形状代替节点，这样就可以轻松控制形状属性；以下是使用该circle操作的相同三个圆圈：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={draw=blue,thick,circle,inner sep=0pt}]
\draw[help lines] (-3,-3) grid (3,3);
\draw[blue,thick] (0,0) circle [radius=1cm] ;
\draw[blue,thick] (0,0) circle [radius=1.414cm] ;
\draw[blue,thick] (0,0) circle [radius=2cm] ;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
我认为以下应该起作用：
\documentclass[parskip]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[margin=15mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodebasesize}{1} % A node with a value of one will have this diameter
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodeinnersep}{0.1}
\newcommand{\propnode}[5]{% position, name, options, value, label
\pgfmathsetmacro{\minimalwidth}{sqrt(#4*\nodebasesize)}
\node[#3,minimum width=\minimalwidth*1cm,inner sep=\nodeinnersep*1cm,circle,draw] (#2) at (#1) {#5};
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[<->] (2,-0.5) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{1} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{1})^2=\pi$} (2,0.5);
\draw[gray] (2,-0.5) -- (0,-0.5);
\draw[gray] (2,0.5) -- (0,0.5);
\propnode{0,0}{n1}{fill=red,text=blue}{1}{1}
\draw[<->] (2,2-0.707) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{2} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{2})^2=2\pi$} (2,2+0.707);
\draw[gray] (2,2-0.707) -- (0,2-0.707);
\draw[gray] (2,2+0.707) -- (0,2+0.707);
\propnode{0,2}{n2}{fill=green,text=black}{2}{2}
\draw[<->] (2,4-0.866) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{3} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{3})^2=3\pi$} (2,4+0.866);
\draw[gray] (2,4-0.866) -- (0,4-0.866);
\draw[gray] (2,4+0.866) -- (0,4+0.866);
\propnode{0,4}{n3}{fill=yellow,text=violet}{3}{3}
\draw[<->] (11,1) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{9} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{9})^2=9\pi$} (11,4);
\draw[gray] (11,1) -- (9,1);
\draw[gray] (11,4) -- (9,4);
\propnode{9,2.5}{n9}{fill=black,text=white}{9}{9}
\draw[<->] (11,-0.354) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{0.5} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{0.5})^2=0.5\pi$} (11,0.354);
\draw[gray] (11,-0.354) -- (9,-0.354);
\draw[gray] (11,0.354) -- (9,0.354);
\propnode{9,0}{n05}{fill=pink,text=black}{0.5}{0.5}
\draw[ultra thick,red] (8.5,-0.5) -- (11.5,-0.5);
\end{tikzpicture}\\[2cm]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodebasesize}{1} % A node with a value of one will have this diameter
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodeinnersep}{0.0}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[<->] (2,-0.5) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{1} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{1})^2=\pi$} (2,0.5);
\draw[gray] (2,-0.5) -- (0,-0.5);
\draw[gray] (2,0.5) -- (0,0.5);
\propnode{0,0}{n1}{fill=red,text=blue}{1}{1}
\draw[<->] (2,2-0.707) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{2} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{2})^2=2\pi$} (2,2+0.707);
\draw[gray] (2,2-0.707) -- (0,2-0.707);
\draw[gray] (2,2+0.707) -- (0,2+0.707);
\propnode{0,2}{n2}{fill=green,text=black}{2}{2}
\draw[<->] (2,4-0.866) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{3} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{3})^2=3\pi$} (2,4+0.866);
\draw[gray] (2,4-0.866) -- (0,4-0.866);
\draw[gray] (2,4+0.866) -- (0,4+0.866);
\propnode{0,4}{n3}{fill=yellow,text=violet}{3}{3}
\draw[<->] (11,1) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{9} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{9})^2=9\pi$} (11,4);
\draw[gray] (11,1) -- (9,1);
\draw[gray] (11,4) -- (9,4);
\propnode{9,2.5}{n9}{fill=black,text=white}{9}{9}
\draw[<->] (11,-0.354) -- node[right] {$r=\sqrt{0.5} \Rightarrow A=\pi(\sqrt{0.5})^2=0.5\pi$} (11,0.354);
\draw[gray] (11,-0.354) -- (9,-0.354);
\draw[gray] (11,0.354) -- (9,0.354);
\propnode{9,0}{n05}{fill=pink,text=black}{0.5}{0.5}
\end{tikzpicture}\\[2cm]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodebasesize}{1.5} % A node with a value of one will have this diameter
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodeinnersep}{0.0}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\propnode{0,0}{n1}{fill=red,text=blue}{1}{1}
\propnode{0,2}{n2}{fill=green,text=black}{2}{2}
\propnode{0,4}{n3}{fill=yellow,text=violet}{3}{3}
\propnode{9,2.5}{n9}{fill=black,text=white}{9}{9}
\propnode{9,0}{n05}{fill=pink,text=black}{0.5}{0.5}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
示例 1：如果节点直径变得太小，则节点将变得太大（参见红色下划线）
示例 2：如果发生这种情况，您可以减少inner sep：
示例 3：这里这有帮助，但如果仍然不够，您可以增加base size节点数：
编辑1：我添加了自动绘制控制线以及影响节点字体大小的选项，因此您应该能够轻松选择合适的设置：
\documentclass[parskip]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[margin=15mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{xifthen}
\begin{document}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodebasesize}{1} % A node with a value of one will have this diameter
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodeinnersep}{0.1}
\newcommand{\propnode}[7]{% position, name, options, value, label, show control lines (s for show), font size
\pgfmathsetmacro{\minimalwidth}{sqrt(#4*\nodebasesize)}
\node[#3,minimum width=\minimalwidth*1cm,inner sep=\nodeinnersep*1cm,circle,draw] (#2) at (#1) {#7 #5};
\ifthenelse{\equal{#6}{s}}
{ \draw[gray] ($(#1)+(0,\minimalwidth/2)$) -- ($(#1)+(\minimalwidth/2+1,\minimalwidth/2)$);
\draw[gray] ($(#1)+(0,-\minimalwidth/2)$) -- ($(#1)+(\minimalwidth/2+1,-\minimalwidth/2)$);
\draw[very thick,<->] ($(#1)+(\minimalwidth/2+1,\minimalwidth/2)$) -- ($(#1)+(\minimalwidth/2+1,-\minimalwidth/2)$);
}
{}
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\propnode{0,0}{n1}{fill=red,text=blue}{1}{1}{s}{}
\propnode{0,2}{n2}{fill=green,text=black}{2}{2}{s}{}
\propnode{0,4}{n3}{fill=yellow,text=violet}{3}{3}{s}{}
\propnode{9,2.5}{n9}{fill=black,text=white}{9}{9}{s}{}
\propnode{9,0}{n05}{fill=pink,text=black}{0.5}{0.5}{s}{}
\end{tikzpicture}\\[2cm]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodebasesize}{0.5}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodeinnersep}{0.2}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\propnode{0,0}{n1}{fill=red,text=blue}{1}{1}{s}{\tiny}
\propnode{0,2}{n2}{fill=green,text=black}{2}{2}{s}{\tiny}
\propnode{0,4}{n3}{fill=yellow,text=violet}{3}{3}{s}{\tiny}
\propnode{9,2.5}{n9}{fill=black,text=white}{9}{9}{s}{\tiny}
\propnode{9,0}{n05}{fill=pink,text=black}{0.5}{0.5}{s}{\tiny}
\end{tikzpicture}\\[2cm]
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodebasesize}{0.2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\nodeinnersep}{0}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\propnode{0,0}{n1}{fill=red,text=blue}{1}{1}{s}{\scriptsize}
\propnode{0,2}{n2}{fill=green,text=black}{2}{2}{s}{\scriptsize}
\propnode{0,4}{n3}{fill=yellow,text=violet}{3}{3}{s}{\scriptsize}
\propnode{9,2.5}{n9}{fill=black,text=white}{9}{9}{s}{\scriptsize}
\propnode{9,0}{n05}{fill=pink,text=black}{0.5}{0.5}{s}{\scriptsize}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案3
更新
如果圆节点的面积代表一些具有比例的数字，那么您需要准确知道半径。半径取决于minimum宽度和\pgflinewidth。
we have : radius = (minimum width + line width) / 2 if inner sep = 0pt
在下一个例子中，我在所有情况下选择 first minimum width=2cmthen minimum width=2cm,line width=5mmand finally 。line width=5mm,minimum width=2cm-\pgflinewidthinner sep= 0 pt
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[help lines,step=0.1,,draw=orange] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\draw[help lines] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\node[minimum width=2cm,circle,inner sep=0pt,fill=blue!20,fill opacity=.5]{};
\node[minimum width=2cm,circle,inner sep=0pt,fill=blue!20,fill opacity=.5,
line width=5mm,draw=gray,opacity=.5] at (3,0){};
\node[circle,inner sep=0pt,fill=blue!20,,fill opacity=.5,
line width=5mm,draw=gray,opacity=.5,minimum width=2cm-\pgflinewidth] at (6,0) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
现在，如果我想得到三个面积分别为 pi、2pi 和 3pi 的圆，我创建了一个宏 `def\lw{2mm}` 来快速更改所有节点中的线宽
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{myrad/.style 2 args={circle,inner sep=0pt,minimum width=(2*(sqrt(#1)*1 cm ) - \pgflinewidth,fill=#2,draw=#2,fill opacity=.5,opacity=.8}}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\def\lw{2mm}
\draw[help lines,step=0.1,,draw=orange] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\draw[help lines] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\node[line width=\lw,myrad={1}{blue!20}] at (0,0) {1};
\node[line width=\lw,myrad={2}{red!20}] at (3,0) {2};
\node[line width=\lw, myrad={3}{green!20}] at (7,0) {3};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
最后，如果您想要面积等于 1 cm^2、2 cm^2 和 3 cm^2 的节点：我会更改第二组节点的线宽
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{myrad/.style 2 args={circle,inner sep=0pt,minimum width=(2*(sqrt(#1/3.1415)*1 cm ) - \pgflinewidth,fill=#2,draw=#2,fill opacity=.5,opacity=.8}}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\def\lw{2mm}
\draw[help lines,step=0.1,,draw=orange] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\draw[help lines] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\node[line width=\lw,myrad={1}{blue!20}] at (0,0) {1};
\node[line width=\lw,myrad={2}{red!20}] at (3,0) {2};
\node[line width=\lw, myrad={3}{green!20}] at (7,0) {3};
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\def\lw{5mm}
\draw[help lines,step=0.1,,draw=orange] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\draw[help lines] (0,0) grid (8,1);
\node[line width=\lw,myrad={1}{blue!20}] at (0,0) {1};
\node[line width=\lw,myrad={2}{red!20}] at (3,0) {2};
\node[line width=\lw, myrad={3}{green!20}] at (7,0) {3};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
我的第一个答案的更新
为了避免这种问题，我们可以使用圆圈代替圆形节点。但我们需要使用 pgflinewidth 调整半径。在下一个示例中，我想要半径 = 2cm，因此我需要使用：radius=2cm-0.5\pgflinewidth。然后我需要创建一个具有相同尺寸的节点。
就像关于节点和矩形的问题这里，我们可以将一个节点与形状关联起来主要问题：我们不能使用scale但放置标签更容易。
\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{set node/.style={insert path={%
\pgfextra{%
\node[inner sep=0pt,outer sep = 0pt,draw=black, % draw= none only to show what I do
circle,
minimum width=2*\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/x radius}+0.5\pgflinewidth](#1) {};
}}}}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[help lines] (-3,-3) grid (3,3);
\draw[blue,line width=5mm,opacity=.2] (0,0) circle [radius=2cm-0.5\pgflinewidth,set node=C1] ;
\draw[thick,->] (3,-3) -- (C1.east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
