tikz 树在二级树上的生长问题

Question

我有以下代码：

\begin{tikzpicture}[grow=right, sloped]
\tikzstyle{level 1}=[level distance=1.3cm, sibling distance=1cm]
\tikzstyle{level 2}=[level distance=1.2cm, sibling distance=1cm]
\node[bag] {$S_i$}
    child[grow=left] {
        node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(1)}$}        
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$W$}
            }
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$B$}
            }
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$B$}
            }
            edge from parent[-latex]
            node[above] {$W$}
    }
    child[grow=right] {
        node[bag] {$A$}        
        child {
                node[bag] {$ \dots S_{i+1}^{(k_1)}$}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        child {
                node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(2)}$}
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(2)(k_{\dots})}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(2)(2)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        child {
                node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(1)}$}
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(k_{\dots})}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(2)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(1)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        edge from parent[-latex]    
            node[above] {$B$}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}

在序言中

\tikzstyle{bag} = [text width=1.5em, text centered]
\tikzstyle{end} = [circle, minimum width=3pt,fill, inner sep=0pt]

我的问题是右边的分支产生碰撞，并且树不会自动扩展。

基本上来说节点确实重叠。我该如何避免这种情况？

谢谢

Answer 1

您只需为适当的级别赋予适当的值sibling distance；在您的示例中，有问题的级别是第二和第三个：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[grow=right, sloped,bag/.style={draw},end/.style={draw}]
\tikzstyle{level 2}=[level distance=1.3cm, sibling distance=4cm]
\tikzstyle{level 3}=[level distance=2.2cm, sibling distance=1.5cm]
\node[bag] {$S_i$}
    child[grow=left,level 2/.style={sibling distance=1.5cm}] {
        node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(1)}$}        
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$W$}
            }
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$B$}
            }
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$B$}
            }
            edge from parent[-latex]
            node[above] {$W$}
    }
    child[grow=right] {
        node[bag] {$A$}        
        child {
                node[bag] {$ \dots S_{i+1}^{(k_1)}$}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        child {
                node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(2)}$}
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(2)(k_{\dots})}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(2)(2)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        child {
                node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(1)}$}
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(k_{\dots})}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(2)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(1)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        edge from parent[-latex]    
            node[above] {$B$}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

或许你也会对edge from parent path控制箭头连接节点的位置的选项感兴趣：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[grow=right, sloped,bag/.style={draw},end/.style={draw},
edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode.east) -- (\tikzchildnode.west)}
]
\tikzstyle{level 2}=[level distance=2cm, sibling distance=4cm]
\tikzstyle{level 3}=[level distance=2.2cm, sibling distance=1.5cm]
\node[bag] {$S_i$}
    child[grow=left,level 2/.style={sibling distance=1.5cm},edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode.west) -- (\tikzchildnode.east)}] {
        node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(1)}$}        
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$W$}
            }
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$B$}
            }
            child {
                node[end, label=left:
                    {$S$}] {}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$B$}
            }
            edge from parent[-latex]
            node[above] {$W$}
    }
    child[grow=right] {
        node[bag] {$A$}        
        child {
                node[bag] {$ \dots S_{i+1}^{(k_1)}$}
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        child {
                node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(2)}$}
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(2)(k_{\dots})}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(2)(2)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        child {
                node[bag] {$S_{i+1}^{(1)}$}
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(k_{\dots})}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(2)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                child {
                     node[bag] {$S_{i+2}^{(1)(1)}$}
                     edge from parent[-latex]
                     node[above] {u}
                }
                edge from parent[-latex]
                node[above] {$w$}
        }
        edge from parent[-latex]    
            node[above] {$B$}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}