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自定义定理编号

tag-icon • tag-icon numbering theorems
自定义定理编号

对于大师来说，这个应该很容易……

假设我想定义一个具有自定义编号方案的定理环境。也就是说，它不是根据某个计数器进行编号，而是根据传递的参数进行编号。因此，编写类似

\begin{customtheorem}{8}
   Text.
\end{custom theorem}

会产生

定理8。文本。

我意识到我可以自己定义一个新环境，但这样标题就会变成粗体、小写字母或我定义的任何内容，因此如果我切换 documentclass，标题可能会与文档的其余部分不同。所以我想要一些也与常规定理标题相匹配的内容。

提前感谢您的任何想法。

答案1

一个简单的方法是

\documentclass{article}
%\usepackage{amsthm} %% uncomment to see the difference
\newtheorem{innercustomthm}{Theorem}
\newenvironment{customthm}[1]
  {\renewcommand\theinnercustomthm{#1}\innercustomthm}
  {\endinnercustomthm}

\begin{document}

\begin{customthm}{8}\label{eight}
Every theorem must be numbered by hand.
\end{customthm}

Here is a reference to theorem~\ref{eight}.
\end{document}

您还可以使用可选参数进行归因：

\begin{customthm}{99}[Somebody]\label{ninetynine}
Statement.
\end{customthm}

用于定义其中几个环境的更通用的接口；这不尊重定理风格；但它可以被适应。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsthm}

\newtheorem{innercustomgeneric}{\customgenericname}
\providecommand{\customgenericname}{}
\newcommand{\newcustomtheorem}[2]{%
  \newenvironment{#1}[1]
  {%
   \renewcommand\customgenericname{#2}%
   \renewcommand\theinnercustomgeneric{##1}%
   \innercustomgeneric
  }
  {\endinnercustomgeneric}
}

\newcustomtheorem{customthm}{Theorem}
\newcustomtheorem{customlemma}{Lemma}

\begin{document}

\begin{customthm}{8}\label{eight}
Every theorem must be numbered by hand.
\end{customthm}

Here is a reference to theorem~\ref{eight} and
one to the important lemma~\ref{life-universe-everything}

\begin{customlemma}{42}\label{life-universe-everything}
This lemma explains everything.
\end{customlemma}


\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

添加

cleveref评论中询问了对的支持。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{cleveref}

\newtheorem{innercustomgeneric}{\customgenericname}
\providecommand{\customgenericname}{}
\newcommand{\newcustomtheorem}[2]{%
  \newenvironment{#1}[1]
  {%
   \ifdefined\crefalias\crefalias{innercustomgeneric}{#2}\fi
   \renewcommand\customgenericname{#2}%
   \renewcommand\theinnercustomgeneric{##1}%
   \innercustomgeneric
  }
  {\endinnercustomgeneric}%
  \ifdefined\crefname\crefname{#2}{#2}{#2s}\fi
}

\newcustomtheorem{customthm}{Theorem}
\newcustomtheorem{customlemma}{Lemma}

\begin{document}

\begin{customthm}{8}\label{eight}
Every theorem must be numbered by hand.
\end{customthm}

Here is a reference to \cref{eight} and
one to the important \cref{life-universe-everything}

\begin{customlemma}{42}\label{life-universe-everything}
This lemma explains everything.
\end{customlemma}

\end{document}

这些\ifdefined位允许解决方案独立于cleveref。

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

您可以暂时重置定理计数器：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsthm}


\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}



\makeatletter

\newenvironment{customTheorem}[1]
  {\count@\c@Theorem
   \global\c@Theorem#1 %
    \global\advance\c@Theorem\m@ne
   \Theorem}
  {\endTheorem
   \global\c@Theorem\count@}

\makeatother


\begin{document}


\begin{Theorem}
Dummy text
\end{Theorem}

\begin{customTheorem}{99}
Dummy text
\end{customTheorem}

\begin{Theorem}
Dummy text
\end{Theorem}


\end{document}

答案3

如果只是为了几个定理，一个简单的方法是

\newtheorem*{theorem8}{Theorem 8}

答案4

另一种简单的方法适用于一些定理，但从技术上讲并不能解决确切的问题，因为它没有定义新的环境。

在声明定理之前，将计数器重置为您想要的数字之前的数字。

% For Theorem 9, with the default counter named "theorem"
\setcounter{theorem}{8}

% Now declare the theorem
\begin{Theorem}
Dummy text
\end{Theorem}

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