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按作者和年份自动索引参考文献

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按作者和年份自动索引参考文献

我正在写一篇文献综述，想添加作者和出版年份的索引（即两个分离索引）。现在，我可以手动输入相应的\index{}命令，但这似乎是 biblatex 可以自动处理的事情。这肯定会使维护变得容易得多，这是一个重要的考虑因素，因为我打算在未来几年随着研究的进展，保持评论的更新。

我一直在使用 biblatex 内置的索引选项，但不知道如何使用多个索引（甚至按年份单独索引）。同样，我一直在研究以下问题这个关于编写自定义\cite命令，但我也在努力了解它们的工作原理。

手动索引的最小工作示例（使用 biblatex 和 multind）显示了我想要的最终结果：

\documentclass{report}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{testing.bib}
@article{Author2010,
    author="Author, A and Writer, B",
    journal="Slackers Monthly",
    title="An overly long treatise on procrastination",
    year=2010,
    month=jun,
}
@article{Writer2011,
    author="Writer, B and Scribe, C",
    journal="Fake Online Journal",
    title="Waste of time or time of waste: procrastination in a modern society",
    year=2011,
    month=oct,
}
@book{Writer2003,
    author="Writer, B",
    title="Procrastination for dummies",
    year=2003,
    publisher="Procrastination House",
    address="Auckland",
}
\end{filecontents*}

\usepackage[style=authoryear]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{testing}

\usepackage{multind}
\makeindex{authors}
\makeindex{years}

\begin{document}

\chapter{Introductory works}

\section{An overly long treatise on procrastination}

\fullcite{Author2010}
\index{authors}{Author, A!An overly long treatise on procrastination (2010)}
\index{authors}{Writer, B!An overly long treatise on procrastination (2010)}
\index{years}{2010!An overly long treatise on procrastination}

This paper was really useful in telling me how to waste more time rather 
than doing real work.

\section{Waste of time or time of waste: procrastination in a modern society}

\fullcite{Writer2011}
\index{authors}{Writer, B!Waste of time or time of waste: procrastination in a modern society (2011)}
\index{authors}{Scribe, C!Waste of time or time of waste: procrastination in a modern society (2011)}
\index{years}{2011!Waste of time or time of waste: procrastination in a modern society}

Applies post-modern philosophical theory to procrastination.

\section{Procrastination for dummies}

\fullcite{Writer2003}
\index{authors}{Writer, B!Procrastination for dummies (2003)}
\index{years}{2003!Procrastination for dummies}

A classic reference book for anybody starting a research position.

\printbibliography
\printindex{authors}{Author index}
\printindex{years}{Year index}

\end{document}

以及一个用于编译它的 Makefile：

default:
    xelatex mwe
    bibtex mwe
    xelatex mwe
    xindy -M texindy -M page-ranges -L english -C utf8 authors.idx
    xindy -M texindy -M page-ranges -L english -C utf8 years.idx
    xelatex mwe

那么，是否可以使用自定义 cite 命令（或内置命令）来实现这一点？或者我最好编写一个脚本来解析 BibTeX/biber 输出以生成 xindy 的输入？

答案1

这个答案已经根据奥黛丽的敏锐评论进行了更新。

是的。有很多方法可以做到这一点。

下面的代码是我最初建议的修订版，（我希望）它能纠正其一般使用中的各种缺陷。具体来说：

  • 我原来的代码不能很好地处理空白年份：但是这个可以。

  • 我的原始代码“硬连线”multind的语法和您选择的索引名称：在此版本中，索引名称在宏中，这意味着它们可以更改。

  • 我的原始代码没有使用indexsorttitle和indextitle字段：这个代码使用了，正如它应该的那样。

  • 我的原始代码可能会导致某些宏出现问题（例如，\TeX在 indextitles 中使用，正如 Audrey 正确指出的那样。我希望这可以正确处理这些问题。

对于您给出的例子，这些都没有改变任何东西——但我添加了另外两个示例条目，原始版本会错误或愚蠢地处理这些条目，而这个可以直接处理。

奇怪的是，\fullcite似乎没有调用索引宏，这就是我使用它的原因\cite；我敢说对此有一个解释，但我没有时间去深入研究它。

\documentclass{report}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{testing.bib}
@article{Author2010,
    author="Author, A and Writer, B",
    journal="Slackers Monthly",
    title="An overly long treatise on procrastination",
    year=2010,
    month=jun,
}
@article{Writer2011,
    author="Writer, B and Scribe, C",
    journal="Fake Online Journal",
    title="Waste of time or time of waste: procrastination in a modern society",
    year=2011,
    month=oct,
}
@book{Writer2003,
    author="Writer, B",
    title="Procrastination for dummies",
    year=2003,
    publisher="Procrastination House",
    address="Auckland",
}
@book{knuth:ct:b,
  hyphenation = {american},
  sortyear = {1986-1},
  sorttitle = {Computers & Typesetting B},
  indexsorttitle = {TeX: The Program},
  author = {Knuth, Donald E.},
  title = {\TeX: The Program},
  shorttitle = {\TeX},
  maintitle = {Computers \& Typesetting},
  volume = {B},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  location = {Reading, Mass.},
  date = {1986},
  annotation = {The second volume of a five-volume book. Note the
    \texttt{sorttitle} and \texttt{sortyear} fields. Also note the
    \texttt{indexsorttitle} field}
}
@book{yearless,
  author = {Lazy B. Ugger},
  title  = {I Can't Be Bothered with Years},
  publisher = {Equally Lazee},
}
\end{filecontents*}

\usepackage[style=authoryear,indexing=cite]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{testing.bib}
\makeatletter
% For the "years" index, we redefine the ordinary bibmacro
% which indexes titles, so that it indexes into the years
% index instead
\renewbibmacro*{index:title}[2]{%
  \iffieldundef{year}
     {\usebibmacro{index:years}%
      {\index}%
      {\undated}%
      {\thefield{indexsorttitle}}%
      {\thefield{entrykey}}}
    {\usebibmacro{index:years}%
      {\index}%
      {\thefield{year}}%
      {\thefield{indexsorttitle}}%
      {\thefield{entrykey}}}}

\newbibmacro*{index:years}[4]{%
    \begingroup
     \protected@edef\theindexentry{%
      \unexpanded{#1}\yearsindex{#2!#3\actualoperator\unexpanded{\citefield}{#4}{indextitle}}}%
     \theindexentry
     \endgroup}

% For authors we just redefine the field format (so that it
% includes title and year information
\DeclareIndexNameFormat{default}{%
  \iffieldundef{year}
    {\usebibmacro{index:name}%
      {\index}%
      {#1}%
      {#3}%
      {#5}%
      {#7}%
      {\thefield{indexsorttitle}}%
      {\thefield{entrykey}}%
      {}}
   {\usebibmacro{index:name}%
      {\index}%
      {#1}%
      {#3}%
      {#5}%
      {#7}%
      {\thefield{indexsorttitle}}%
      {\thefield{entrykey}}%
      { (\thefield{year})}}}
% ... and modify the relevant bibmacro to add the extra information
\renewbibmacro*{index:name}[8]{%
  \begingroup
  \ifuseprefix
    {\protected@edef\theindexentry{%
       \unexpanded{#1}\authorsindex{%
         \ifblank{#4}{}{#4 }%
         \@firstofone #2% remove spurious braces
         \ifblank{#5}{}{ #5}%
         \ifblank{#3}{}{, #3}%
         \actualoperator
         \ifblank{#4}{}{\MakeCapital{#4} }%
         #2%
         \ifblank{#5}{}{ #5}%
         \ifblank{#3}{}{, #3}!#6
            \actualoperator\unexpanded{\citefield}{indextitle}#8}}}%
    {\protected@edef\theindexentry{%
       \unexpanded{#1}\authorsindex{%
         \@firstofone #2% remove spurious braces
         \ifblank{#5}{}{ #5}%
         \ifblank{#3#4}{}{,}%
         \ifblank{#3}{}{ #3}%
         \ifblank{#4}{}{ #4}!#6\actualoperator
            \unexpanded{\citefield}{#7}{indextitle}#8}}}%
  \theindexentry
  \endgroup}
\makeatother
% redefine this if the index for years is differently named, or if using
% index or imakeidx
\newcommand{\yearsindex}{{years}}

% redefine this if the index for authors is differently named, or if
% using index or imakeidx
\newcommand{\authorsindex}{{authors}}

% undated entries
\newcommand{\undated}{n.d.}

\usepackage{multind}
\makeindex{authors}
\makeindex{years}

\begin{document}

\chapter{Introductory works}

\section{An overly long treatise on procrastination}

\fullcite{Author2010}

This paper was really useful in telling me how to waste more time rather 
than doing real work.

\section{Waste of time or time of waste: procrastination in a modern society}

\cite{Writer2011}

Applies post-modern philosophical theory to procrastination.

\section{Procrastination for dummies}

\cite{Writer2003}

A classic reference book for anybody starting a research position.

\section{The Awkward Squad}

\cite{knuth:ct:b}

An author who uses a title that indexing programs find hard to cope
with, but certainly no procrastinator.

\cite{yearless}

An author so lazy that he cannot be bothered to put a year of publication.


\printbibliography
\printindex{authors}{Author index}
\printindex{years}{Year index}

\end{document}

（如果需要，您可以诱导 biblatex 进行非常复杂的索引：我刚刚完成了一个样式的第一个版本，它可以生成许多索引（超过 33 个！），并且该索引不仅基于标题字段，还使用后记来设置子项。设置起来并不令人兴奋，但就 biblatex 而言绝对是可行的。）

答案2

感谢 Maieul 的功能请求和 Paul 的反馈，2.3 版引入了许多辅助命令和宏biblatex来帮助索引，尤其是使用子条目运算符 进行索引!。文档 ( 22-indexing-subentry.tex) 中的示例 22 演示了使用该包进行带有子条目的多个索引imakeidx。以下是使用 的类似示例multind。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[american]{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[indexing=cite,style=authoryear,backend=bibtex]{biblatex}

% Define indices
\usepackage{multind}
\makeindex{authors}
\makeindex{years}

% Name indexing directive for names with title subentries
\DeclareIndexNameFormat{name:title}{%
  \iffieldundef{title}
    {\usebibmacro{index:name}{\index{authors}}{#1}{#3}{#5}{#7}}
    {\usebibmacro{index:name:title:year}{\index{authors}}{#1}{#3}{#5}{#7}}}

% Based on index:name:title macro defined in biblatex.def, takes the arguments:
%   {<index command>}{<last name>}{<first name>}{<first initials>}{<last name prefix>}
% The index:name:subentry macro (also defined in biblatex.def) takes two more:
%   {<plain entry>}{<formatted entry>}
% and forms the subentry: !<plain entry>@<formatted entry>
\newbibmacro*{index:name:title:year}[5]{%
  \iffieldundef{year}
    {\usebibmacro{index:name:title}{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}}
    {\usebibmacro{index:name:subentry}{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}
       {\thefield{indexsorttitle}}
       {\emph{\csfield{indextitle}}~(\thefield{labelyear})}}}

% Title indexing directive for years with title subentries
\DeclareIndexFieldFormat{year:title}{%
  \iffieldundef{year}
    {\usebibmacro{index:entry}{\index{years}}{%
       \mkbibindexentry{0}{Not dated}%
       \subentryoperator%
       \mkbibindexfield{\thefield{indexsorttitle}}{\emph{#1}}}}
    {\usebibmacro{index:entry}{\index{years}}{%
       \thefield{year}\subentryoperator%
       \mkbibindexfield{\thefield{indexsorttitle}}{\emph{#1}}}}}

\renewbibmacro*{citeindex}{%
  \ifciteindex
    {\indexnames[name:title]{author}%
     \indexfield[year:title]{indextitle}}
    {}}

% Index entries accessed via \fullcite
\DeclareCiteCommand{\fullcite}
  {\usebibmacro{prenote}}
  {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%
   \usedriver
     {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}}
     {\thefield{entrytype}}}
  {\multicitedelim}
  {\usebibmacro{postnote}}

\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}

\begin{document}
\fullcite{knuth:ct,knuth:ct:a,knuth:ct:c,knuth:ct:d}
\cite{aristotle:anima,aristotle:poetics,aristotle:physics,aristotle:rhetoric}
\printbibliography
\raggedright
\printindex{authors}{Author and Title Index}
\printindex{years}{Year and Title Index}
\end{document}

答案3

我使用脚本 python 来解决类似的问题http://geekographie.maieul.net/Un-index-des-sources-primaires-3。

我刚刚开了一张票来询问索引多个字段的可能性。https://github.com/plk/biblatex/issues/31

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