我试图避免在我的 中出现分页符lstlisting（见第 0.0.2 节），我知道我可以通过浮动我的 来解决这个问题lstlisting，但它会增加一些不需要的空白（见第 0.0.1 节）。
有没有其他方法可以float使我的lstlisting遗嘱不跨页面？
或者
我可以配置float以消除空白，使其看起来与不在时完全相同吗？float
*我对 MWE 中的杂乱之处表示歉意。我只是想在更大的文档中使用它，所以我宁愿让它尽可能地接近它。
\documentclass{article}
% New commands
\newcommand{\HRule}{\rule{\linewidth}{0.5mm}}
\newcommand{\superscript}[1]{\ensuremath{^{\textrm{#1}}}}
% Modified commands
\renewcommand*\abstractname{Revision History}
%%%%% Packages and configuration %%%%%
\usepackage[firstpage]{draftwatermark}
\SetWatermarkText{\textsc{Confidential}}
\SetWatermarkScale{4}
\SetWatermarkColor[gray]{0.9}
%\usepackage{fancyhdr}
%\pagestyle{fancy}
%\fancyhf{} % clear all fields
%\fancyfoot[LE,CO]{\thepage} % page number in "outer" position of footer line
%\fancyfoot[RE,LO]{Message of the day} % other info in "inner" position of footer line
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\definecolor{dark-red}{rgb}{0.4,0.15,0.15}
\definecolor{dark-blue}{rgb}{0.15,0.15,0.4}
\definecolor{medium-blue}{rgb}{0,0,0.5}
\definecolor{light-grey}{gray}{0.8}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}% keep at end
\hypersetup{
colorlinks,
linkcolor={black},
citecolor={dark-blue},
urlcolor={medium-blue}
}
%\usepackage[cm]{fullpage}
%\usepackage[letterpaper, top=0.7in, bottom=0.9in, left=0.7in, right=0.7in, showframe]{geometry}
\usepackage[margin=0.5in]{geometry}
%\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{listings}
\lstset{ %
language=C, % choose the language of the code
basicstyle=\footnotesize, % the size of the fonts that are used for the code
%numbers=left, % where to put the line-numbers
%numberstyle=\footnotesize, % the size of the fonts that are used for the line-numbers
%stepnumber=1, % the step between two line-numbers. If it is 1 each line will be numbered
%numbersep=5pt, % how far the line-numbers are from the code
%backgroundcolor=\color{white}, % choose the background color. You must add \usepackage{color}
showspaces=false, % show spaces adding particular underscores
showstringspaces=false, % underline spaces within strings
showtabs=false, % show tabs within strings adding particular underscores
%frame=single, % adds a frame around the code
tabsize=4, % sets default tabsize to 4 spaces
captionpos=b, % sets the caption-position to bottom
breaklines=true, % sets automatic line breaking
breakatwhitespace=false, % sets if automatic breaks should only happen at whitespace
%escapeinside={\%*}{*)} % if you want to add a comment within your code
}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\usepackage{underscore}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{lipsum}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage{etex}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd{\@afterheading}%
{\clubpenalty \@M}{\clubpenalties 2 \@M \@M }{}{}
\patchcmd{\@afterheading}%
{\clubpenalty \@clubpenalty}{\clubpenalties 1 \@clubpenalty }{}{}
\makeatother
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
\lipsum[1-8]
\subsubsection{Lorem Ipsum Dolomite}\leavevmode
\begin{lstlisting}
void abc_defgh_ijklmn_stuff * const ( void );
\end{lstlisting}
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc id sapien eget magna tempus ornare vitae ut dolor. Donec pharetra diam vitae erat sollicitudin a blandit sapien blandit. Nam ligula metus, imperdiet ut accumsan non, tincidunt id a.
\subsubsection{abcde}
\begin{lstlisting}
static boolean abcde
(
abc_defg_hijk * const lm
);
\end{lstlisting}
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc id sapien eget magna tempus ornare vitae ut dolor. Donec pharetra diam vitae erat sollicitudin a blandit sapien blandit. Nam ligula metus, imperdiet ut accumsan non, tincidunt id a.\\
\end{document}
答案1
将内容包裹在宽度为的盒子lstlisting内部，使其牢不可破，并避免跨越页面边界：minipage\linewidth
...
\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
\begin{lstlisting}
static boolean abcde
(
abc_defg_hijk * const lm
);
\end{lstlisting}
\end{minipage}
...
根据使用位置，您可能必须在环境前面添加以\noindent避免任何段落缩进。
如果您加载float包裹并使用
...
\begin{lstlisting}[float,floatplacement=H]
static boolean abcde
(
abc_defg_hijk * const lm
);
\end{lstlisting}
...
有关浮动位置的更多信息，H请参阅如何影响 LaTeX 中图形和表格等浮动环境的位置？
答案2
我使用的是 1.5 版（2013）的listings软件包。我习惯于lstinputlisting从文件中包含代码，然后将其放入float环境选项中。它运行良好。
例如，我的序言是这样写的：
\lstdefinestyle{freefempp}{
language=C++,
basicstyle=\footnotesize\ttfamily,
commentstyle=\itshape\color{violet},
identifierstyle=\color{blue},
morekeywords={ border, buildmesh, cos, dx, dy, fespace, fill, func,
int2d, label, mesh, on, pi, plot, problem, sin, real, x, y},
% float,
frame=single,
numbers=left
}
\lstset{style=freefempp}
并将其放入我的文档主体中。
\lstinputlisting
[caption=Solution to question 1, float, linerange={1-21}, firstnumber=1]
{listings/ex1-1.edp}
但是，float 选项仅在lstinputlisting环境定义中起作用，而不在样式定义中起作用。也许这个错误将在未来的版本中得到纠正。
答案3
我使用了与 werner 建议的类似的解决方案。不过我更喜欢用文本而不是线宽来定义小页面：
\begin{minipage}[c]{0.95\textwidth}
\begin{lstlisting}
\end{lstlisting}
\end{minipage}
“c”表示居中，“0.95\textwidth”使列表比其余文本稍微小一点。