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覆盖规范,（例如）

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf beamer overlays highlighting presentations
覆盖规范,（例如）

这个问题导致了一个新的方案的出现：
aobs-tikz

  1. 是否可以更改以下 MWE 中的代码，使得“ABCD”在两张幻灯片上都可见，但只有在第二张幻灯片上才以红色节点作为背景？

    \documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0,text opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} 
    },
  }
\begin{document}
\frame{\frametitle{Title}
\tikz[remember picture,baseline=(A.base)] \node[fill=red!30,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<2>] (A) {ABCD};
}
\end{document}

  2. 使用类似的代码，我还希望有项目化，使得所有幻灯片上的所有项目都可见，但它们会以与前一个 MWE 中的“ABCD”相同的方式依次突出显示。（这与标准模式的不同之处alert在于，每次所有项目都可见，而不是更改项目的颜色，而是使用红色背景框。）

答案1

作为Andrew Stacey 指出 beamer提供了一个自己的功能\newcommand<>，可以更好地处理覆盖规范。
现在可以使用\tikzMe{BCD}<+>。

由于 overlay-specification 参数内置了分隔符，因此需要对样式进行更改beameralert。我选择了两个版本；这些样式是等效的：

  • beameralert=2
  • BeamerAlert=<2>

代码

\documentclass[t]{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0,text opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} 
    },
    beameralert/.style={alt=<#1>{fill=red!30,rounded corners}{},anchor=base},
    BeamerAlert/.style={alt=#1{fill=red!30,rounded corners}{},anchor=base}
}
  \newcommand<>{\tikzMe}[1]{% previously: \def\tikzMe<#1>#2{…
    \tikz[baseline]\node[BeamerAlert=#2,anchor=base] {#1};
}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}{One node}
    \tikz[baseline]\node[beameralert=2,anchor=base] {ABCD};
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Itemizing (Ti\emph{k}Z)}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item \tikzMe<+>{ABC}
        \item \tikzMe{BCD}<+>% (this works thanks to \newcommand<>)
        \item \tikzMe<+>{CDE}
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

输出

第 1 帧

在此处输入图片描述 在此处输入图片描述

第 2 帧

在此处输入图片描述 在此处输入图片描述 在此处输入图片描述

覆盖规范,（例如<3,5>）

经过小幅修改，使用逗号覆盖规范即可工作：

  • 对呼叫本身进行分组BeamerAlert：BeamerAlert={#2}

  • 分组BeamerAlert的alt调用：

    BeamerAlert/.style={alt={#1{fill=red!30,rounded corners}{}},anchor=base}

代码

\documentclass[t]{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0,text opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} 
    },
    beameralert/.style={alt={<#1>{fill=red!30,rounded corners}{}},anchor=base},
    BeamerAlert/.style={alt={#1{fill=red!30,rounded corners}{}},anchor=base}
}
  \newcommand<>{\tikzMe}[1]{% previously: \def\tikzMe<#1>#2{…
    \tikz[baseline]\node[BeamerAlert={#2},anchor=base] {#1};
}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}{One node}
    \tikz[baseline]\node[beameralert=2,anchor=base] {ABCD};
\end{frame}
\begin{frame}{Itemizing (Ti\emph{k}Z)}
    \begin{itemize}
        \item \tikzMe<+>{ABC}
        \item \tikzMe{BCD}<3,5>% (this works thanks to \newcommand<>)
        \item \tikzMe<+>{CDE}
    \end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

答案2

对于 s 的粉丝来说tikzstyle，这里有一些样式可能有助于使元素可见draw，fill并shade提供覆盖规范。

代码：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}

\tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0,text opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} 
    },
}

\tikzset{
  background fill/.style={fill=#1},
  background fill/.default={white},
  fill on/.style={alt=#1{}{background fill}},
}

\tikzset{
  background draw/.style={draw=#1},
  background draw/.default={white},
  draw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background draw}},
}

\tikzset{
  background filldraw/.style 2 args={draw=#1, fill=#2},
  background filldraw/.default={white}{white},
  filldraw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background filldraw}},
}

\tikzset{
  background shade/.style={#1},
  background shade/.default={top color=white, bottom color=white},
  shade on/.style={alt=#1{}{background shade}},
}

\tikzset{
  background shadedraw/.style 2 args={draw=#1, #2},
  background shadedraw/.default={white}{top color=white, bottom color=white},
  shadedraw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background shadedraw}},
}

\begin{document}
\begin{frame}{Title}
\begin{columns}[T]
\begin{column}{0.2\textwidth}
\centering
Fill draw\\[2ex]
\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background fill=red!50,fill on=<2>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {ABCD};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background fill=blue!50,fill on=<{1,3}>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {EFGH};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background draw=red,draw on=<2>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {IJKL};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background draw=blue,draw on=<{1,3}>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {MNOP};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background filldraw={red}{blue!10},filldraw on=<2>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {QRST};
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.2\textwidth}
\centering
Shadings\\[2ex]
\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background shade={top color=red!50, bottom color=white},shade on=<2>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {ABCD};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background shade={inner color=red!50, outer color=white},shade on=<{1,3}>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {EFGH};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background shade={left color=orange!50, right color=white},shade on=<2>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {IJKL};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background shadedraw={blue}{top color=white, bottom color=cyan!30},shadedraw on=<{1,3}>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {MNOP};

\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background shadedraw={green!50!black}{inner color=white, outer color=green!30},shadedraw on=<2>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {QRST};
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.55\textwidth}
\centering
Node application\\[2ex]
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzset{visibility 1/.style={background draw=red, draw on=<{1,4}>,     
        background shade={top color=white,bottom color=red!30}, shade on=<{2,3}>,
    }
}
\tikzset{visibility 2/.style={  
        background shadedraw={green!50!black}{inner color=white,outer color=green!30}, shadedraw on=<{2,3}>,
    }
}
\tikzset{visibility 3/.style={  background draw=orange, draw on=<1->,       
        background fill={orange!30}, fill on=<{2,3}>,
    }
}
\tikzset{visibility 4/.style={  background draw=purple, draw on=<2->,       
        background shade={left color=purple!30, right color=cyan!30}, shade on=<{3,4}>,
    }
}
\node[visible on=<1->,trapezium,visibility 1] (A) {Text};
\node[visible on=<1->,trapezium,visibility 2, below of=A] (B) {Text};
\node[visible on=<1->,trapezium,visibility 3, below of=B] (C) {Text};
\node[visible on=<1->,trapezium,visibility 4, below of=C] (D) {Text};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

结果：

在此处输入图片描述

应用于 itemize 环境：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}

\tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0,text opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} 
    },
}

\tikzset{
  background fill/.style={fill=#1},
  background fill/.default={white},
  fill on/.style={alt=#1{}{background fill}},
}

\tikzset{
  background draw/.style={draw=#1},
  background draw/.default={white},
  draw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background draw}},
}

\tikzset{
  background filldraw/.style 2 args={draw=#1, fill=#2},
  background filldraw/.default={white}{white},
  filldraw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background filldraw}},
}

\tikzset{
  background shade/.style={#1},
  background shade/.default={top color=white, bottom color=white},
  shade on/.style={alt=#1{}{background shade}},
}

\tikzset{
  background shadedraw/.style 2 args={draw=#1, #2},
  background shadedraw/.default={white}{top color=white, bottom color=white},
  shadedraw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background shadedraw}},
}

% Command for sequentially fill the items
\newcommand{\itemfill}[1]{\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] \node[background fill=red!30,fill on=<+>,anchor=base,rounded corners,visible on=<1->] (A) {#1};}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}{Itemize with styles}
\begin{itemize}
\item \itemfill{ABC}
\item \itemfill{BCD}
\item \itemfill{CDE}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

给出：

在此处输入图片描述

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