节点位置 TikZ

Question 1

您几乎已经完成了！我只是想对您的代码提出一些修改建议。

如果可以使用相对坐标，则不要使用固定坐标。例如，你可以说

\path[line,dashed] (removed.south) -- + (0,-.35) -- + (-12,-.35) -- (susceptible.south);

因为您知道removed和susceptible节点之间的距离，但如果您更改，node distance则必须也修改此行（和所有braces）。最好使用

\draw [line,dashed] (removed.south) -- ++ (0,-.35) -| (susceptible.south);

removed.south意思是“从0.35 厘米以下的点画一条虚线，移动到那里并从该点画一个矩形角到susceptible.south”。

对于所有braces你可以使用类似的东西：

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,raise=3mm}]
    (susceptible.85) -- (exposed.95) 
    node [black,midway,yshift=6mm] {\large  Contact parameters};

raise选项从现在的和brace的参考点向上移动。这意味着节点边界上的角度为 85 度的点。susceptible.85exposed.95

对于块下方的括号，您可以使用mirror选项，而不必更改节点顺序。

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,raise=6mm, mirror}]
      (susceptible.275)--(exposed.265)  
      node  [black,midway,yshift=-1cm,text width=3cm, align=center,anchor=north] (EHF)
     {\emph{Environmental \\ \& Human factors}};

从上一行，你可以看到我把标题从列表中拆分出来了。这可能不太好，但可以帮助放置它们。

节点中的文本类似于parbox如果您修复一些text width，那么您可以使用itemized列表，或者只是设置一个alignment选项。您将在下一个代码中找到两个示例。

\documentclass{article}    
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,
arrows,decorations.pathmorphing,
backgrounds,fit,positioning,shapes.symbols,chains}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}

\begin{document}

% Define block styles
\tikzstyle{block} = [rectangle, draw, fill=blue!30,
    text width=5em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em]
\tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -latex']

\begin{figure}[!ht]
\centering\makebox[\textwidth]{
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance =4cm, auto,
comment/.style={
rectangle, 
inner sep= 5pt, 
text width=4cm, }]

    % Place nodes
    \node [block] (susceptible) {Susceptible};
    \node [block, right of=susceptible] (exposed) {Exposed};
    \node [block, right of=exposed] (infectious) {Infectious};
    \node [block, right of=infectious] (removed) {Removed};

    \draw [line] (susceptible) -- (exposed);
    \draw [line] (exposed) -- (infectious);
    \draw [line] (infectious) -- (removed);

     \draw [line,dashed] (removed.south) -- ++ (0,-.35) -| (susceptible.south);

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,raise=3mm}]
(susceptible.85) -- (exposed.95) node [black,midway,yshift=6mm] 
{\large  Contact parameters};

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,raise=3mm},xshift=0pt,yshift=0pt]
(exposed.85) -- (removed.95) node [black,midway,yshift=6mm] 
{\large  Disease parameters};


\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,raise=6mm, mirror}]
 (susceptible.275)--(exposed.265)  node  [black,midway,yshift=-1cm,text width=3cm, align=center,anchor=north] (EHF)
{ \emph{Environmental \\\& Human factors} 
};

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,raise=6mm, mirror}]
(exposed.275) -- (infectious.265)  node (VI) [black,midway,yshift=-1.5cm] 
{ \emph{Variable immunity} };

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=10pt,raise=6mm, mirror}]
(infectious.275) -- (removed.265) node (CP) [black,midway,yshift=-1.5cm] 
{ \emph{Control parameters} };

\node [text width=4.5cm, align=left, anchor=north, below=1mm of EHF] {Bioaerosol load\\
Surface pathogen loading\\
Surface contact probability}; 

\node [text width=3.5cm, align=left, anchor=north, below=1mm of CP] {\begin{itemize}
\item Detection
\item Quarantine\end{itemize}}; 

\end{tikzpicture}}
\smallskip
\label{fig:flowchart_disease_transmission}
\caption{Flowchart of fundamental disease transmission mechanisms}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

最终结果是：

在此处输入图片描述

Answer