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Beamer 在文本周围覆盖框-正确的方法是什么？

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Beamer 在文本周围覆盖框-正确的方法是什么？

我有一个“有效”的方法，但我想知道是否有更优雅的解决方案。我想在 beamer 中的 itemize 后面框出一些文本，所以我正在这样做：

\documentclass{beamer}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}
\begin{itemize}[<+->]
  \item Software-as-a-Service?
  \item Platform-as-a-Service?
  \item \only<-4>{Infrastructure-as-a-Service}\only<5->{\fcolorbox{red}{white}{Infrastructure-as-a-Service}}?
  \item Other-stuff-as-a-Service?
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

我得到了我想要的效果（在盒装幻灯片上增加了一些空间，这并不理想），但我想知道是否有更自然的方法来做到这一点？我尝试在网上和可信赖的网站上搜索texdoc beamer，但也许我找错了地方。

我也尝试过：

\item \fcolorbox<beamer:6>{red}{white}{Infrastructure-as-a-Service}?

但那只剩下一个黑框，直到红色框被突出显示

答案1

你可以使用经过验证的tikzmark想法

动画片

代码

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

% tikzmark command, for shading over items
\newcommand{\tikzmark}[1]{\tikz[overlay,remember picture] \node (#1) {};}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}

\begin{itemize}[<+->]
  \item Software-as-a-Service?
  \item Platform-as-a-Service?
  \item \tikzmark{infrastructure}{Infrastructure-as-a-Service}
  \item Other-stuff-as-a-Service?
\end{itemize}

    \pause\tikz[overlay,remember picture]{\draw[draw=red,thick,double,fill opacity=0.2] ($(infrastructure)+(-0.5,0.4)$) rectangle ($(infrastructure)+(6,-0.2)$);}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

答案2

另一种方法是利用使用 TikZ 节点在 Beamer 中突出显示。

代码：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{xparse}    

\tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0,text opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} 
    },
}

\tikzset{
  background fill/.style={fill=#1},
  background fill/.default={white},
  fill on/.style={alt=#1{}{background fill}},
}

\tikzset{
  background draw/.style={draw=#1},
  background draw/.default={white},
  draw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background draw}},
}

\tikzset{
  background filldraw/.style args={#1 filled by #2}{draw=#1, fill=#2},
  background filldraw/.default=white filled by white,
  filldraw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background filldraw}},
}

\tikzset{highlighting/.style={
   append after command={
   \pgfextra{
      \path[rounded corners,
         background draw=red,
         draw on=<#1>,
         overlay] ($(\tikzlastnode.south west)+(-0.015,-0.1)$) % to have some offset
         rectangle ($(\tikzlastnode.north east)+(0.015,0.065)$);
      }   
    }
  }
}

\NewDocumentCommand{\highlight}{r<> m}{%
\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] 
 \node[highlighting=#1,
   inner sep=0pt] (A) {#2};%
}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}{Itemize with styles}
\begin{itemize}[<+->]
  \item Software-as-a-Service?
  \item Platform-as-a-Service?
  \item \highlight<5>{Infrastructure-as-a-Service}?
  \item Other-stuff-as-a-Service?
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

结果：

在此处输入图片描述

代码注释

由于选项 ，创建的 TikZ 节点不会占用太多空间inner sep=0pt，但由于其尺寸在文本周围非常紧密，因此创建的突出显示框会在周围添加一些空间（通过库创建的偏移量calc）。为了避免这个额外的空间可能破坏对齐，overlay已将选项引入到突出显示路径中。

现在，无需改变 中的任何内容document，就可以通过选择不同的样式来获得不同的效果：

\tikzset{highlighting/.style={
   append after command={
   \pgfextra{
      \path[rounded corners,
         background fill=red!30, % filling
         fill on=<#1>, % filling overlay specification
         overlay] ($(\tikzlastnode.south west)+(-0.015,-0.1)$) % to have some offset
         rectangle ($(\tikzlastnode.north east)+(0.015,0.065)$);
      }   
    }
  }
}

给出：

在此处输入图片描述

尽管：

\tikzset{highlighting/.style={
   append after command={
   \pgfextra{
      \path[rounded corners,
         background filldraw=red filled by red!30, % border+filling
         filldraw on=<#1>, % overlay specification
         overlay] ($(\tikzlastnode.south west)+(-0.015,-0.1)$) % to have some offset
         rectangle ($(\tikzlastnode.north east)+(0.015,0.065)$);
      }   
    }
  }
}

给出：

在此处输入图片描述

可定制偏移

使用此改进版本，可以hf-tikz通过偏移量自定义突出显示区域（从包中借用的想法）。此偏移量最终是 pgfkeys，其值必须在命令的可选参数中声明\highlight：

\highlight<overlay specification>[offsets]{text}

如果没有[offsets]指定，则采用初始值。

代码：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{xparse}

\tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0,text opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} 
    },
}

\tikzset{
  background fill/.style={fill=#1},
  background fill/.default={white},
  fill on/.style={alt=#1{}{background fill}},
}

\tikzset{
  background draw/.style={draw=#1},
  background draw/.default={white},
  draw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background draw}},
}

\tikzset{
  background filldraw/.style args={#1 filled by #2}{draw=#1, fill=#2},
  background filldraw/.default=white filled by white,
  filldraw on/.style={alt=#1{}{background filldraw}},
}

\pgfkeys{/highlight/.cd,
  above right offset/.initial={0.015,0.065},
  above right offset/.get=\aboverightoffset,
  above right offset/.store in=\aboverightoffset,
  below left offset/.initial={-0.015,-0.1},
  below left offset/.get=\belowleftoffset,
  below left offset/.store in=\belowleftoffset,
}

\tikzset{highlighting/.style={
   append after command={
   \pgfextra{
      \path[rounded corners,
         background filldraw=red filled by red!30,% border+filling
         filldraw on=<#1>, % overlay specification
         overlay] ($(\tikzlastnode.south west)+(\belowleftoffset)$) % to have some offset
         rectangle ($(\tikzlastnode.north east)+(\aboverightoffset)$);
      }   
    }
  }
}

\NewDocumentCommand{\highlight}{r<> O{} m}{%
\pgfkeys{/highlight/.cd,#2}
\tikz[baseline=(A.base)] 
 \node[highlighting=#1,
   inner sep=0pt] (A) {#3};%  
}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}{Itemize with styles}
\begin{itemize}[<+->]
  \item Software-as-a-Service?
  \item Platform-as-a-Service?
  \item \highlight<5>{Infrastructure-as-a-Service}?  
  \item \highlight<6>[below left offset={-0.1,-0.2},above right offset={0.25,0.15}]{Other-stuff-as-a-Service}?
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

结果：

在此处输入图片描述

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