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Jackson 结构化编程图（格式化树形图）

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Jackson 结构化编程图（格式化树形图）

我正在尝试创建一个Jackson 结构化编程图表。这基本上是一个简单的树形图，不同之处在于每个框的右上角可以有一个圆圈 (O) 或星号 (*)。我正在使用 TikZ 库来制作图表，但我不知道如何扩展样式来实现这一点。这是未完成的图表：

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage[a4paper,margin=1cm,landscape]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shadows,arrows}

\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
    box/.style={rectangle, draw=red!50!black!50, rounded corners=1mm, fill=blue, drop shadow, minimum width=5em, minimum height=3em, level distance=10cm,
        text centered, anchor=north, text=white},
    circle/.style={rectangle, draw=red!50!black!50, rounded corners=1mm, fill=blue, drop shadow, minimum width=5em, minimum height=3em, level distance=10cm,
        text centered, anchor=north, text=white},
    %SHOULD CONTAIN THE CIRCLES
    star/.style={rectangle, draw=red!50!black!50, rounded corners=1mm, fill=blue, drop shadow, minimum width=5em, minimum height=3em, level distance=10cm,
        text centered, anchor=north, text=white},
     %SHOULD CONTAIN THE STARS       
]
\node (State00) [box] {Jackson Diagramm}
 [sibling distance=3cm]
    child {node (a) [box] {int a = 1}}
    child {node (a) [box] {boolean n = true}}
    child {node (a) [box] {boolean z = true}}
    child {[sibling distance=4cm] node (d) [circle] {if (n)}
        child{  [sibling distance=3cm] node (e) [star] {while (z)}
        child {node (f) [box] {n = !z}}
        child {node (g) [box] {a++}}
        child { [sibling distance=4cm] node (h) [circle] {a <= 10}
                child {node (i) [box] {z = true}}
                child {node (j) [box] {System.out.println( "z\(>\)10")}}
            }
        }
        child {node (k) [box] {System.out.println(a)}} 
        child {node (l) [box] {System.out.println(z)}}      
    } 
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}

电流输出：

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

您可以使用label={[xshift=-1.25em, yshift=-2.25ex]north east:$\ast$}在节点内放置其他图形：

在此处输入图片描述

笔记：

  • 我改变了颜色以便更容易看到特殊节点的位置。

代码：

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage[a4paper,margin=1cm,landscape]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shadows,arrows}

\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
    box/.style={rectangle, draw=red!50!black!50, rounded corners=1mm, fill=blue!25, drop shadow, minimum width=5em, minimum height=3em, level distance=10cm,
        text centered, anchor=north, text=white},
    circle/.style={rectangle, draw=red!50!black!50, rounded corners=1mm, fill=green!25, drop shadow, minimum width=5em, minimum height=3em, level distance=10cm,
        text centered, anchor=north, text=black, label={[xshift=-1.25em, yshift=-2.25ex]north east:$\circ$}},
    %SHOULD CONTAIN THE CIRCLES
    star/.style={rectangle, draw=red!50!black!50, rounded corners=1mm, fill=red!25, drop shadow, minimum width=5em, minimum height=3em, level distance=10cm,
        text centered, anchor=north, text=black, label={[xshift=-1.25em, yshift=-2.25ex]north east:$\ast$}},
     %SHOULD CONTAIN THE STARS       
]
\node (State00) [box] {Jackson Diagramm}
 [sibling distance=3cm]
    child {node (a) [box] {int a = 1}}
    child {node (a) [box] {boolean n = true}}
    child {node (a) [box] {boolean z = true}}
    child {[sibling distance=4cm] node (d) [circle] {if (n)}
        child{  [sibling distance=3cm] node (e) [star] {while (z)}
        child {node (f) [box] {n = !z}}
        child {node (g) [box] {a++}}
        child { [sibling distance=4cm] node (h) [circle] {a <= 10}
                child {node (i) [box] {z = true}}
                child {node (j) [box] {System.out.println( "z\(>\)10")}}
            }
        }
        child {node (k) [box] {System.out.println(a)}} 
        child {node (l) [box] {System.out.println(z)}}      
    } 
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}

答案2

这里有一个不同的方法，即path picture密钥和path picture bounding box伪节点。

我清理了样式定义并特别重命名了样式，因为已经存在可能导致混淆的circle形状。circle

我把圆圈直接放在圆角上（当然你可以调整移动以将其进一步移动到节点的中心）。

样式starred接受一个可选参数（默认值5：），表示角的数量。外角的半径为1mm，内角的半径为.5mm。

代码

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}

\usetikzlibrary{positioning,shadows}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  box/.style={
    shape=rectangle,
    draw=red!50!black!50,
    rounded corners=1mm,
    fill=blue,
    drop shadow,
    minimum width=5em,
    minimum height=3em,
    level distance=10cm,
    text centered,
    anchor=north,
    text=white
    },
  circled/.style={
    box,
    path picture={
      \path[draw=red!50!black!50, fill=blue!50] ([shift={(-1mm,-1mm)}]path picture bounding box.north east) circle[radius = 1mm];
    }
  },
  starred/.style={
    box,
    path picture={
       \path[sharp corners,draw=red!50!black!50, fill=blue!50,] ([shift={(-1.5mm,-1.5mm)}]path picture bounding box.north east) + (1/#1*360+90:1mm) \foreach \i in {1,...,#1} {-- + (\i/#1*360+90:1mm) -- + (\i.5/#1*360+90:.5mm)} -- cycle;
    }
  },
  starred/.default=5,% default number of corners
]
\node (State00) [box] {Jackson Diagramm}
 [sibling distance=3cm]
    child {node (a) [box] {int a = 1}}
    child {node (a) [box] {boolean n = true}}
    child {node (a) [box] {boolean z = true}}
    child {[sibling distance=4cm] node (d) [circled] {if (n)}
        child{  [sibling distance=3cm] node (e) [starred] {while (z)}
        child {node (f) [box] {n = !z}}
        child {node (g) [box] {a++}}
        child { [sibling distance=4cm] node (h) [circled] {a <= 10}
                child {node (i) [box] {z = true}}
                child {node (j) [box] {System.out.println( "z\(>\)10")}}
            }
        }
        child {node (k) [box] {System.out.println(a)}} 
        child {node (l) [box] {System.out.println(z)}}      
    } 
;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出

在此处输入图片描述

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