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在 tikz 矩阵中为多列添加下划线

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在 tikz 矩阵中为多列添加下划线

在 TikZ 矩阵中，如何自动为多列加下划线，如下所示（尤其是当一个标题单元格的高度大于其他单元格时）：

在此处输入图片描述

来自这个问题：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}


\def\totcvtext{$\begin{array}{c}{{\rm tot}\ {\rm comm}}\\[-.8ex]{\rm vol (words)}\end{array}$}

\makeatletter
\newdimen\multi@col@width
\newdimen\multi@col@margin
\newcount\multi@col@count
\multi@col@width=0pt

\tikzset{
  multicol/.code={%
    \global\multi@col@count=#1\relax
    \global\let\orig@pgfmatrixendcode=\pgfmatrixendcode
    \global\let\orig@pgfmatrixemptycode=\pgfmatrixemptycode
    \def\pgfmatrixendcode##1{\orig@pgfmatrixendcode%
      ##1%
      \pgfutil@tempdima=\pgf@picmaxx
      \global\multi@col@margin=\pgf@picminx
      \advance\pgfutil@tempdima by -\pgf@picminx
      \divide\pgfutil@tempdima by #1\relax
      \global\multi@col@width=\pgfutil@tempdima
      \pgf@picmaxx=.5\multi@col@width
      \pgf@picminx=-.5\multi@col@width
      \global\pgf@picmaxx=\pgf@picmaxx
      \global\pgf@picminx=\pgf@picminx
  \gdef\multi@adjust@position{%
     \setbox\pgf@matrix@cell=\hbox\bgroup
     \hfil\hskip-1.5\multi@col@margin
     \hfil\hskip-.5\multi@col@width     
% \gdef\multi@adjust@position{%
%        \setbox\pgf@matrix@cell=\hbox\bgroup
%        \hfil\hskip-\multi@col@margin
%        \hfil\hskip-.5\multi@col@width
        \box\pgf@matrix@cell
        \egroup
      }%
      \gdef\multi@temp{\aftergroup\multi@adjust@position}%
      \aftergroup\multi@temp
    }
    \gdef\pgfmatrixemptycode{%
      \orig@pgfmatrixemptycode
      \global\advance\multi@col@count by -1\relax
      \global\pgf@picmaxx=.5\multi@col@width
      \global\pgf@picminx=-.5\multi@col@width
      \ifnum\multi@col@count=1\relax
       \global\let\pgfmatrixemptycode=\orig@pgfmatrixemptycode
      \fi
    }
  }
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix (mat) [matrix of nodes] {
L2A &|[multicol=2]| L2B     && |[multicol=2]| L2C & \\
L3A &   L3B &   L3C         &  \totcvtext & L3E \\
10  &   20  &   30          &   40  & 50 \\
};
\draw[thick,black,shorten >=0.5mm,shorten <=0.5mm] (mat-2-2.north west) -- (mat-2-3.north east);
\draw[thick,black,shorten >=0.5mm,shorten <=0.5mm] (mat-2-4.north west) -- (mat-2-5.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

请注意，包含数字的其他单元格的高度不应改变。

答案1

笔记：

  • 您可以将矩阵i第 行第 列的单元格引用为，并且jmatmat-i-j
  • 正如 Ignasi 上面指出的那样，您可以shorten稍微调整一下线条，以避免出现连续合并单元格的问题。

结果：

在此处输入图片描述

修改后的代码：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}

\makeatletter
\newdimen\multi@col@width
\newdimen\multi@col@margin
\newcount\multi@col@count
\multi@col@width=0pt

\tikzset{
  multicol/.code={%
    \global\multi@col@count=#1\relax
    \global\let\orig@pgfmatrixendcode=\pgfmatrixendcode
    \global\let\orig@pgfmatrixemptycode=\pgfmatrixemptycode
    \def\pgfmatrixendcode##1{\orig@pgfmatrixendcode%
      ##1%
      \pgfutil@tempdima=\pgf@picmaxx
      \global\multi@col@margin=\pgf@picminx
      \advance\pgfutil@tempdima by -\pgf@picminx
      \divide\pgfutil@tempdima by #1\relax
      \global\multi@col@width=\pgfutil@tempdima
      \pgf@picmaxx=.5\multi@col@width
      \pgf@picminx=-.5\multi@col@width
      \global\pgf@picmaxx=\pgf@picmaxx
      \global\pgf@picminx=\pgf@picminx
  \gdef\multi@adjust@position{%
     \setbox\pgf@matrix@cell=\hbox\bgroup
     \hfil\hskip-1.5\multi@col@margin
     \hfil\hskip-.5\multi@col@width     
% \gdef\multi@adjust@position{%
%        \setbox\pgf@matrix@cell=\hbox\bgroup
%        \hfil\hskip-\multi@col@margin
%        \hfil\hskip-.5\multi@col@width
        \box\pgf@matrix@cell
        \egroup
      }%
      \gdef\multi@temp{\aftergroup\multi@adjust@position}%
      \aftergroup\multi@temp
    }
    \gdef\pgfmatrixemptycode{%
      \orig@pgfmatrixemptycode
      \global\advance\multi@col@count by -1\relax
      \global\pgf@picmaxx=.5\multi@col@width
      \global\pgf@picminx=-.5\multi@col@width
      \ifnum\multi@col@count=1\relax
       \global\let\pgfmatrixemptycode=\orig@pgfmatrixemptycode
      \fi
    }
  }
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix (mat) [matrix of nodes] {
L2A &|[multicol=2]| L2B     && |[multicol=2]| L2C & \\
L3A &   L3B &   L3C         &   L3D & L3E \\
10  &   20  &   30          &   40  & 50 \\
};
\draw[thick,black,shorten >=0.5mm,shorten <=0.5mm] (mat-2-2.north west) -- (mat-2-3.north east);
\draw[thick,black,shorten >=0.5mm,shorten <=0.5mm] (mat-2-4.north west) -- (mat-2-5.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

更新

OP 指出，当矩阵中的单元格高度不同时，此解决方案效果不佳。问题在于，尽管 TikZ 矩阵中的单元格水平和垂直对齐，但它们并未拉伸成均匀的镶嵌网格。也就是说，一个单元格的西南点​​不一定与其正下方单元格的西北点重合。下图通过将每个单元格涂成红色来澄清这种情况。

在此处输入图片描述

解决此情况的一种方法是手动指定每行的高度。这可以仅使用键为第二行执行row 2/.style={text height=2ex, text depth=1ex}。结果如下。

在此处输入图片描述

完整代码：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}

\makeatletter
\newdimen\multi@col@width
\newdimen\multi@col@margin
\newcount\multi@col@count
\multi@col@width=0pt

\tikzset{
  multicol/.code={%
    \global\multi@col@count=#1\relax
    \global\let\orig@pgfmatrixendcode=\pgfmatrixendcode
    \global\let\orig@pgfmatrixemptycode=\pgfmatrixemptycode
    \def\pgfmatrixendcode##1{\orig@pgfmatrixendcode%
      ##1%
      \pgfutil@tempdima=\pgf@picmaxx
      \global\multi@col@margin=\pgf@picminx
      \advance\pgfutil@tempdima by -\pgf@picminx
      \divide\pgfutil@tempdima by #1\relax
      \global\multi@col@width=\pgfutil@tempdima
      \pgf@picmaxx=.5\multi@col@width
      \pgf@picminx=-.5\multi@col@width
      \global\pgf@picmaxx=\pgf@picmaxx
      \global\pgf@picminx=\pgf@picminx
  \gdef\multi@adjust@position{%
     \setbox\pgf@matrix@cell=\hbox\bgroup
     \hfil\hskip-1.5\multi@col@margin
     \hfil\hskip-.5\multi@col@width     
% \gdef\multi@adjust@position{%
%        \setbox\pgf@matrix@cell=\hbox\bgroup
%        \hfil\hskip-\multi@col@margin
%        \hfil\hskip-.5\multi@col@width
        \box\pgf@matrix@cell
        \egroup
      }%
      \gdef\multi@temp{\aftergroup\multi@adjust@position}%
      \aftergroup\multi@temp
    }
    \gdef\pgfmatrixemptycode{%
      \orig@pgfmatrixemptycode
      \global\advance\multi@col@count by -1\relax
      \global\pgf@picmaxx=.5\multi@col@width
      \global\pgf@picminx=-.5\multi@col@width
      \ifnum\multi@col@count=1\relax
       \global\let\pgfmatrixemptycode=\orig@pgfmatrixemptycode
      \fi
    }
  }
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}

\def\totcvtext{\begin{tabular}{c}tot comm \\[-0.8ex] vol(words)\end{tabular}}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix (mat) [matrix of nodes, nodes={fill=red}, row 2/.style={text height=2ex, text depth=1ex}
] {
L2A &|[multicol=2]| L2B     && |[multicol=2]| L2C & \\
L3A &   L3B &   L3C         & \totcvtext & L3E \\
10  &   20  &   30          &   40       & 50 \\
};
\draw[thick,black,shorten >=0.5mm,shorten <=0.5mm] (mat-2-2.north west) -- (mat-2-3.north east);
\draw[thick,black,shorten >=0.5mm,shorten <=0.5mm] (mat-2-4.north west) -- (mat-2-5.north east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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