将PGFPLOTS结合在常见背景上

Question

这幅图是两张tikzpicture并排的图片，每张都有一张新闻纸背景（感谢pgfplots 图表的背景图像）。

我想将它们合并起来，这样它们就会出现在同一张撕碎的报纸上。标题也应该居中。

我查看了有关嵌套的几个问题的答案，tikzpicture但无法解决我的问题。

接下来是不是很简单的 MWE。（抱歉，代码重复了，细节也重复了。我觉得最好提供我计划使用的实际图表。）

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz,pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}

\usetikzlibrary{calc,decorations.pathmorphing}

%deal with warning message in log
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.8}

\usepackage{helvet}
\usepackage[eulergreek]{sansmath}

\newcommand{\images}{../images}

\begin{document}

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main} 

\pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma]{
year, return, assets
2007, 23, 34.9
2008, 8.6, 37
2009, -27.3, 26
2010, 11, 27.4
2011, 21.4, 32
}\endowment

\newcommand{\plotsize}{width=7cm, height=6cm}

\tikzset{
pencildraw/.style={ %
    decorate,
    decoration={random steps,segment length=6pt,amplitude=3pt}
    }, 
font=\sffamily\sansmath
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[clip,pencildraw] (-1.8,-1) rectangle (6,5.5);
\begin{axis}[ 
      title={\large Harvard Endowment},
      \plotsize,
      ylabel={Return}, 
      axis y line*=left,
      axis x line*=middle,
      xtick=data,
      xticklabel style={align=center},
      xticklabels={2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011},
      yticklabel=\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}\,$\%$,
      nodes near coords={\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfplotspointmeta}\%},
    ]
    \addplot table[x=year, y=return] {\endowment};

    \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
      \node{\includegraphics{\images/newsprint}};
    \end{pgfonlayer}
\end{axis} 
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[clip,pencildraw] (-1.8,-1) rectangle (6,5.5);
\begin{axis}[ 
      ymin=0,
      ylabel={Assets}, 
      \plotsize,
      axis y line*=left,
      axis x line*=bottom,
      xtick=data,
      xticklabel style={align=center},
      xticklabels={2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011},
      yticklabel={\$\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}b},
      nodes near coords={\$\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfplotspointmeta}b},
    ]
    \addplot table[x=year, y=assets] {\endowment};

    \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
      \node{\includegraphics{\images/newsprint}};
    \end{pgfonlayer}
\end{axis} 
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

为此，您可以将两个axis环境放入同一个环境中tikzpicture（而不是嵌套环境中），并使用单个大型新闻纸背景。如果您使用 命名第一个轴name=left axis，则可以使用 定位第二个轴at=(left axis.east), anchor=outer west（outer指的是考虑所有标签的锚点）。

要放置标题，最简单的方法是使用第二个环境之外的普通节点。您可以使用库的坐标计算语法axis将其精确定位在两个图的中间：calc($(left axis.outer north east)!0.5!(right axis.outer north west)$)

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz,pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}

\usetikzlibrary{calc,decorations.pathmorphing}

%Use the new axis label placement features
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.8}

\usepackage{helvet}
\usepackage[eulergreek]{sansmath}


\begin{document}

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main} 

\pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma]{
year, return, assets
2007, 23, 34.9
2008, 8.6, 37
2009, -27.3, 26
2010, 11, 27.4
2011, 21.4, 32
}\endowment

\newcommand{\plotsize}{width=7cm, height=6cm}

\tikzset{
pencildraw/.style={ %
    decorate,
    decoration={random steps,segment length=6pt,amplitude=3pt}
    }, 
font=\sffamily\sansmath
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\path[clip,pencildraw] (-2,-1) rectangle (15,6);
\begin{axis}[ 
      name=left axis,
      \plotsize,
      ylabel={Return}, 
      axis y line*=left,
      axis x line*=middle,
      xtick=data,
      xticklabel style={align=center},
      xticklabels={2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011},
      yticklabel=\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}\,$\%$,
      nodes near coords={\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfplotspointmeta}\%},
    ]
    \addplot table[x=year, y=return] {\endowment};

    \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
      \node {\includegraphics[width=30cm]{newsprint}};
    \end{pgfonlayer}
\end{axis} 
\begin{axis}[
      name=right axis,
      at=(left axis.east),
      anchor=outer west,
      xshift=3em,
      ymin=0,
      ylabel={Assets}, 
      \plotsize,
      axis y line*=left,
      axis x line*=bottom,
      xtick=data,
      xticklabel style={align=center},
      xticklabels={2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011},
      yticklabel={\$\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}b},
      nodes near coords={\$\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfplotspointmeta}b},
    ]
    \addplot table[x=year, y=assets] {\endowment};
\end{axis} 
\node [anchor=south, yshift=3ex] at ($(left axis.outer north east)!0.5!(right axis.outer north west)$)
            {\large Harvard Endowment};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}