如何在自动机中绘制更大的循环状态和多重转换？

Question

我想画这样的东西。我有三个困难：

1. 如何绘制更大的圆形状态和虚线圆形状态？
2. 如何在状态之间绘制多个箭头？（例如，在“应用组件状态机”状态中，有多个传入和传出箭头。）
3. 如何获得环绕过渡标签的框？

这是我的代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[margin=15mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,fit,calc,positioning,automata}





    \begin{document}


    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth',shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=9 cm]
    %  \tikzstyle{every state}=[fill=white,draw=none,text=black]

        \node[initial,state] (A)                                    {app initialized};
        \node[state]         (B) [right of=A]                       {Activity State Machine};
        \node[state]         (C) [below of=B]                       {Service State Machine};
        \node[state]         (D) [below of=A]                       {App components state machines};

      \path[->]
            (A) edge []     node [below,align=center]           {} (B)
            (C) edge []     node [pos=0.75,left,align=center]           {} (D)
            (C) edge []     node [pos=0.75,left,align=center]           {} (B);



    \end{tikzpicture}

    \end{document}

输出是这样的：（我希望所有状态的大小都统一，并且状态内都有换行符）

Answer 1

这是您的文档版本，包含您要求的大部分内容。我认为双线可以更好地实现自动化。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[margin=15mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,fit,calc,positioning,automata}

\begin{document}


    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth',shorten >=2pt,auto,shorten <=2pt,node distance=5 cm,
    every state/.style={align=center,minimum size=3cm,text width=2cm},
    every edge/.style={draw,thick},
    loop label/.style={draw,align=center,text width=2cm,outer sep=4pt,minimum height=1cm}
    ]


        \node[initial,state] (A)                {app initialized};
        \node[state]         (B) [right= of A]  {Activity State Machine};
        \node[state]         (C) [below= of B]  {Service State Machine};
        \node[state,dashed]         (D) [below= of A]  {App components state machines};

      \path[->]
            (A) edge []     node [below,align=center]           {} (B)
            (C) edge []      node [pos=0.75,left,align=center]           {} (D)
                  (B) edge [loop above] node [loop label] {Events+UI events} ()
                  (C) edge [loop right] node [loop label,above=15pt] {Events} ()
                  (D) edge [loop left] node [loop label,above=15 pt] {Evens+UI events} ();

            \draw[->] ([xshift=1ex]B.south) -- ([xshift=1ex]C.north);
            \draw[<-] ([xshift=-1ex]B.south) -- ([xshift=-1ex]C.north);
            \draw[->,dashed,shorten >=8pt,shorten <=1pt] ([yshift=1.5ex]D.north east) -- ([yshift=1.5ex]B.south west);
            \draw[<-,,dashed,shorten >=1pt,shorten <=8pt] ([yshift=-1.5ex]D.north east) -- ([yshift=-1.5ex]B.south west);

    \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}