☰

在“图片”环境中为图形的一部分添加阴影

tag-icon • tag-icon color shading
在“图片”环境中为图形的一部分添加阴影

我尝试使用图片环境绘制一些图表。我想给图形的某个部分（即图形左侧创建的矩形（带弧形角）内）添加阴影。代码如下。

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{amsart}
\usepackage{xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amscd,amsfonts,amssymb, color}
\usepackage{latexsym, graphicx, rotating,subfig,framed,xcolor,wrapfig}
\begin{document}
\definecolor{shadecolor}{gray}{0.9}
\begin{figure}[htb]
\setlength{\unitlength}{5mm}
\begin{picture}(20,16)(-10,-5)
\put(-5,0){\line(1,0){10}}
\multiput(-5,0)(-0.3,0){10}{\line(-1,0){0.1}}
\multiput(5,0)(0.3,0){10}{\line(1,0){0.1}} %the baselines
\put(-8,0){\circle*{0.3}}\put(8,0){\circle*{0.3}}
\put(-5,0){\circle*{0.5}}\put(5,0){\circle*{0.5}}
%the verticle line
\multiput(0,-5)(0,0.5){15}{\line(0,1){0.2}}
%the box and the write up
\linethickness{0.25mm}
\put(-1,2.3){\framebox(2,1.2){$x$}}
%remaining verticle line
\linethickness{0.1mm}
\multiput(0,3.5)(0,0.5){10}{\line(0,1){0.2}}
%% This is the intended shaded area which I am hiding by %  
   %\begin{shaded}
    \put(-9,-4.5){\line(0,1){10}}
    \put(-4.75,-4.5){\oval(8.5,1.5)[b]}
    \put(-0.5,-4.5){\line(0,1){10}}
    \put(-4.75,5.5){\oval(8.5,1.5)[t]}
    %\end{shaded}
put(-3,-4){Alice}\put(2,-4){Bob}
\put(-3.8,-2){$\mathcal{H}_A=\mathbb{C}^3$}
\put(1.2,-2){$\mathcal{H}_B=\mathbb{C}^3$}
\put(-8,-2){$\mathcal{H}_A^{aux}$}
\put(7,-2){$\mathcal{H}_B^{aux}$}
\put(-7.5,1.5){$|0\rangle_A\langle0|\quad \otimes$}
\put(3.8,1.5){$\otimes\quad|0\rangle_B\langle0|$}
    \end{picture}
    \caption{Schematic diagram} 
    \end{figure}
    \end{document}

如果我把shaded部分放在图片环境之外，它就会起作用，并以灰色阴影覆盖整个图形。如上所述，我只想让任何轮廓定义的部分区域被阴影化。有没有办法让它起作用？这个问题部分与这个早期的条目。

注意：我使用的是 pdflatex。我想在图中写一些数学公式，这就是使用环境的原因picture。

答案1

我建议你使用TikZ相反（代码包含一些解释性注释）：

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{amsart}
\usepackage{amsmath,amscd,amsfonts,amssymb}
\usepackage{braket}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,positioning,fit,backgrounds}

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
\begin{tikzpicture}
% the black circles and their connecting lines
\node[fill,circle,inner sep=1.5pt] (sc1) {};
\node[fill,circle,inner sep=2.5pt,right=1.4cm of sc1] (bc1) {};
\node[fill,circle,inner sep=2.5pt,right=4.5cm of bc1] (bc2) {};
\node[fill,circle,inner sep=1.5pt,right=1.4cm of bc2] (sc2) {};
\path[draw,dashed] (sc1) to (bc1) (sc2) to (bc2) ;
\draw (bc1) -- (bc2);

% labels above
\node[above=of bc1,anchor=east,inner xsep=0pt] {$\ket{0}_A\bra{0}$};
\node[above=of bc1,anchor=west,xshift=10pt] {$\otimes$};
\node[above=of bc2,anchor=west,inner xsep=0pt] {$\ket{0}_B\bra{0}$};
\node[above=of bc2,anchor=east,xshift=-10pt] {$\otimes$};

% labels below
\node[below=of sc1,anchor=west,inner sep=0pt] (ha) {$\mathcal{H}_A^{aux}$};
\node[right=of ha,anchor=west,inner sep=0pt] (hac) {$\mathcal{H}_A=\mathbb{C}^3$};
\node[below=of sc2,anchor=east,inner sep=0pt] (hb) {$\mathcal{H}_B^{aux}$};
\node[left=of hb,anchor=east,inner sep=0pt] (hbc) {$\mathcal{H}_B=\mathbb{C}^3$};
\node[below=0.8cm of hac] (ali) {Alice};
\node[below=0.8cm of hbc] (bob) {Bob};

% the shaded rounded corner rectangle
\coordinate[above=3.5cm of hac] (aux1);
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[draw,inner sep=10pt,fill=gray!60,fit=(ali) (sc1) (aux1),rounded corners=10pt] (rect) {};
\end{pgfonlayer}

% the dahed line and its label
\draw[dashed] 
  let \p1=(bc1), \p2=(bc2) in
  (0.5*\x2+0.5*\x1,0|-rect.south) -- +(0,7cm) coordinate[pos=0.65] (aux2);
\node[draw,fill=white,text width=2em,align=center] at (aux2) {$x$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Schematic diagram} 
\end{figure}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

还请注意，我使用了braket包裹。

相关内容