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修复表格内的项目对齐和换行

tag-icon • tag-icon tables lists itemize enumitem
修复表格内的项目对齐和换行

我正在尝试使用以下代码构建一个表：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[inline]{enumitem}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[h]
 \begin{tabular}{p{.3\linewidth}p{.7\linewidth}}
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf{Time windows and limits:}} \\
  \begin{itemize*}[itemjoin={\newline}]\item soft delivery time windows \emph{(sd)} \end{itemize*} & Time window may be violated, or only a preferred start time of the delivery is provided.\\
  \begin{itemize*}\item hard delivery time windows \emph{(hd)} \end{itemize*} & Deliveries must be made within a defined time window.\\
  \begin{itemize*}\item hard delivery start time \emph{(hs)} \end{itemize*} & Deliveries may not commence before a predefined time.\\
  \begin{itemize*}\item vehicle usage time \emph{(sv)} \end{itemize*} & Vehicles may only be used for a certain amount of time, or may not be available during certain periods, e.g.\ due to maintenance.\\
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf{Instrumentation:}} \\
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\begin{itemize*}\item For some deliveries, specialized equipment must be present. Either the delivery truck has this equipment, or an additional vehicle must be scheduled. \end{itemize*}}\\
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf{Fleet:}} \\
  \begin{itemize*}\item homogeneous \emph{(ho)} \end{itemize*} & All vehicles are identical.\\
  \begin{itemize*}\item heterogeneous \emph{(he)} \end{itemize*} & Vehicles differ in capacity or equipment carried.\\
 \end{tabular}
  \end{table}
\end{document}

其结果是：

您应该注意到，还有改进的空间：

  1. 项目符号不太好。以第一个项目符号为例：“dows”的开头应该与“soft”的开头对齐，而不是与项目符号对齐。
  2. “Instrumentation:”下面的行不尊重表格边框。

我们也热烈欢迎任何能改善表格整体外观和可读性的额外建议。

更新
根据 Gonzalo Medina 提供的出色答案（见下文），我想添加分页符，即自动将表格拆分为多页。为此，我执行以下操作：

  1. 包括软件包longtable，ltxtable
  2. 将表格放在单独的.tex文件中。替换\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{>{$\bullet$}c@{\hspace{6pt}}p{.3\linewidth}X}为\begin{longtable}{>{$\bullet$}c@{\hspace{6pt}}p{.3\linewidth}X}。显然，进行\end{tablularx}相应的更改。
  3. .tex使用以下方式将表加载到主文件中\LTXtable{\linewidth}{table.tex}

这对我来说很有效。关于用法的更详细的例子ltxtable可以在这里找到博客。

答案1

一种选择是使用附加列来自动包含项目符号；这也将提供所需的缩进。我还使用该tabularx包来避免手动计算列宽，并进行了更改arraystretch：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{tabularx}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}
\renewcommand\arraystretch{1.2}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{>{$\bullet$}c@{\hspace{6pt}}p{.3\linewidth}X}
  \multicolumn{3}{l}{\bfseries Time windows and limits:} \\
  & soft delivery time windows \emph{(sd)} & Time window may be violated, or only a preferred start time of the delivery is provided.\\
  & hard delivery time windows \emph{(hd)} & Deliveries must be made within a defined time window.\\
  & hard delivery start time \emph{(hs)} & Deliveries may not commence before a predefined time.\\
  & vehicle usage time \emph{(sv)} & Vehicles may only be used for a certain amount of time, or may not be available during certain periods, e.g.\ due to maintenance.\\
  \multicolumn{3}{l}{\bfseries Instrumentation:} \\
  & \multicolumn{2}{@{}p{\dimexpr\linewidth-23pt\relax}}{For some deliveries, specialized equipment must be present. Either the delivery truck has this equipment, or an additional vehicle must be scheduled.}\\
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bfseries Fleet:} \\
  & homogeneous \emph{(ho)} & All vehicles are identical.\\
  & heterogeneous \emph{(he)} & Vehicles differ in capacity or equipment carried.\\
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

请注意\bf，已弃用，您应该使用\bfseries，它们是字体开关，而不是接收参数的命令。

答案2

我将itemize里面的内容包裹起来minipage。还将列表命名为xitemize：

\documentclass{article}

\begin{document}

\newenvironment{xitemize}
     {\begin{minipage}[t]{\hsize}\begin{itemize}\leftskip=-1.5em}
     {\end{itemize}\end{minipage}}

\begin{table}[h]
 \begin{tabular}{p{.3\linewidth}p{.7\linewidth}}
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf{Time windows and limits:}} \\
  \begin{xitemize}\item soft delivery time windows \emph{(sd)} \end{xitemize} & Time window may be violated, or only a preferred start time of the delivery is provided.\\
  \begin{xitemize}\item hard delivery time windows \emph{(hd)} \end{xitemize} & Deliveries must be made within a defined time window.\\
  \begin{xitemize}\item hard delivery start time \emph{(hs)} \end{xitemize} & Deliveries may not commence before a predefined time.\\
  \begin{xitemize}\item vehicle usage time \emph{(sv)} \end{xitemize} & Vehicles may only be used for a certain amount of time, or may not be available during certain periods, e.g.\ due to maintenance.\\
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf{Instrumentation:}} \\
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\begin{xitemize}\item For some deliveries, specialized equipment must be present. Either the delivery truck has this equipment, or an additional vehicle must be scheduled. \end{xitemize}}\\
  \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf{Fleet:}} \\
  \begin{xitemize}\item homogeneous \emph{(ho)} \end{xitemize} & All vehicles are identical.\\
  \begin{xitemize}\item heterogeneous \emph{(he)} \end{xitemize} & Vehicles differ in capacity or equipment carried.\\
 \end{tabular}
  \end{table}
\end{document}

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

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