我不确定代码在这里是否能起到很大作用。我添加了许多独立TikZ图片，但只有这张图片表现不同。
这是从独立代码编译出来的图片.tex。
现在这是主文件中的图片.tex。请注意主文件中的和弧的位置alpha_2，我刚刚再次编译了它以验证所有内容都已更新。
我不知道该如何处理这个差异以及如何纠正它。该图像是之前运行的独立版本，但不正确。但是，它拒绝更新。以前从未出现过这个问题。
在主文件中，我使用以下代码来包含图片TikZ。此外，我\usepackage{standalone}在主文件的前言中也使用了此代码。
\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includestandalone{flybytrailingside}
\caption[Trailing Side Flyby]{A trailing side (or sunlit side) planetary
flyby.}
\label{trailingflyby}
\end{figure*}
对于TikZ图片，我正在使用文档类standalone，然后绘制图片。
代码\alpha_2为
\draw (3.285, 2.15) arc[radius = .125, start angle = 90, end angle = -90]
node[left, font = \tiny, inner sep = 0] {\(\alpha_2\)};
\documentclass[convert = false]{standalone}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\renewcommand{\rmdefault}{ppl}
\linespread{1.05}
\usepackage[scaled]{helvet}
\usepackage{courier}
\usepackage{eulervm}
\normalfont
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{fp}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\usetikzlibrary{intersections}
\usetikzlibrary{fixedpointarithmetic}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
every label/.append style = {font = \tiny},
line join = round, line cap = round, >=triangle 45,
%scale = .04, transform shape
]
\def\angle{45}
\def\peri{.5}
\def\planet{.4}
\def\a{1}
\def\circrad{3.5}
\def\dom{3.15}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\b}{\a / (tan(\angle))}
\coordinate (O) at (0, 0);
\draw[-latex] (O) -- (\circrad, 0) node[below left, font = \tiny]
{\(\mathbf{V}\)};
\draw[-latex] (\circrad, 0) -- +({1}, 0) node[right, font = \tiny]
{\(\hat{\mathbf{u}}_V\)};
\draw[-latex] (0, \circrad) -- +(0, {1}) node[above, font = \tiny]
{\(\hat{\mathbf{u}}_S\)};
\draw[thick, gray, name path global = soi] (O)
circle[radius = \circrad];
\begin{scope}[rotate = {-110}, shift = {(0, {-\a - \peri})},
decoration = {markings,
mark = at position 0.20 with {\arrow{latex reversed}},
mark = at position 0.80 with {\arrow{latex reversed}}
}]
\draw[red, postaction = decorate, name path global = hyper]
plot[domain = -\dom:\dom, samples = 500]
({\x}, {\a * sqrt(1 + (\x / \b)^2)});
\draw[dashed] plot[domain = 0:\dom, samples = 100] ({\x}, {\a / \b * \x})
coordinate (P1);
\path plot[domain = 0:-\dom, samples = 100] ({\x}, {-\a / \b * \x})
coordinate (P2);
\draw[dashed] plot[domain = -\dom:0, samples = 100] ({\x}, {-\a / \b * \x})
coordinate (I);
\draw plot[domain = 0:.5, samples = 100] ({\x}, {-\a / \b * \x})
coordinate (P3);
\draw[dashed] (O) -- (I);
\shadedraw[gray, inner color = blue!40!green,
outer color = black!50!blue!50] (O) circle[radius = \planet];
\draw[fixed point arithmetic, latex-latex] let
\p0 = (I),
\p1 = (O),
\p2 = (P1),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.75cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (I) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1, end angle = \n2]
node[fill = white, inner sep = 0, font = \tiny] at (\n4:.5cm) {\(\beta\)};
\draw[fixed point arithmetic, latex-latex] let
\p0 = (I),
\p1 = (O),
\p2 = (P2),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.75cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (I) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1, end angle = \n2]
node[fill = white, inner sep = 0, font = \tiny] at (\n4:.5cm) {\(\beta\)};
\draw[fixed point arithmetic, -latex] let
\p0 = (I),
\p1 = (P3),
\p2 = (P1),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.75cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (I) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1, end angle = \n2]
node[fill = white, inner sep = 0, font = \tiny] at (\n4:\n3) {\(\delta\)};
\end{scope}
\node[name intersections = {of = soi and hyper}] (P4) at
($(intersection-2)$) {};
\draw[-latex] (P4.center) -- +(1.5, 0) node[font = \tiny, below left]
{\(\mathbf{V}\)} coordinate (P5);
\draw (P5) -- +(.5, 0) coordinate (P6);
\path[name path global = circ] (P4.center) circle[radius = 1bp];
\path[name intersections = {of = circ and hyper}] (P4.center) --
($(intersection-2)!.75cm!(intersection-1)$) coordinate (P7);
\draw[-latex] (P5) -- +($(P7) - (P4)$) node[font = \tiny, right]
{\(\mathbf{v}_{\infty_1}\)} coordinate (P8);
\draw[-latex] (P4.center) -- (P8) node[font = \tiny, above,
inner sep = 0, pos = .65] {\(\mathbf{V}_1^{(v)}\)};
\node[name intersections = {of = soi and hyper}] (P9) at ($(intersection-1)$)
{};
\draw[-latex] (P9.center) -- +(1.5, 0) node[font = \tiny, below left]
{\(\mathbf{V}\)} coordinate (P10);
\draw (P10) -- +(.65, 0) coordinate (P11);
\path[name path global = circ2] (P9.center) circle[radius = 1bp];
\path[name intersections = {of = circ2 and hyper}] (P9.center) --
($(intersection-2)!.75cm!(intersection-1)$) coordinate (P12);
\draw[-latex] (P10) -- +($(P12) - (P9)$) node[font = \tiny, pos =1.25]
{\(\mathbf{v}_{\infty_2}\)} coordinate (P13);
\draw[-latex] (P9.center) -- (P13) node[font = \tiny, fill = white,
inner sep = 0, pos = .5, above = .1cm] {\(\mathbf{V}_2^{(v)}\)};
\draw[fixed point arithmetic, -latex] let
\p0 = (P4.center),
\p1 = (P5),
\p2 = (P8),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.75cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (P4.center) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1,
end angle = \n2] node[fill = white, inner sep = 0, font = \tiny] at
([shift = (P4.center)] \n4:1cm) {\(\alpha_1\)};
\draw[fixed point arithmetic, -latex] let
\p0 = (P5),
\p1 = (P6),
\p2 = (P8),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.45cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (P5) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1,
end angle = \n2] node[fill = white, inner sep = 0, font = \tiny] at
([shift = (P5)] \n4:\n3) {\(\phi_1\)};
%{\pgfmathparse{\n2 - \n1}%
% $\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfmathresult}^{\circ}$
%};
\draw[fixed point arithmetic] let
\p0 = (P9.center),
\p1 = (P10),
\p2 = (P13),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.5cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (P9.center) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1,
end angle = \n2];
\draw[fixed point arithmetic] let
\p0 = (P10),
\p1 = (P11),
\p2 = (P13),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.5cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (P10) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1,
end angle = \n2] node[fill = white, inner sep = 0, font = \tiny] at
([shift = (P10)] \n4:.7cm) {\(\phi_2\)};
%{\pgfmathparse{\n2 - \n1}%
% $\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfmathresult}^{\circ}$
%};
\begin{scope}[on background layer]
\draw[dashed] (O) -- +($(O) - 0.65*(I)$) coordinate (P14);
\end{scope}
\draw[latex-] (P14) -- +($(P4) - (P7)$) node[font = \tiny, left]
{\(\mathbf{v}_{\infty_1}\)} coordinate (P15);
\draw[-latex] (P15) -- +($(P12) - (P9)$) node[font = \tiny, below]
{\(\mathbf{v}_{\infty_2}\)} coordinate (P16);
\draw[-latex] (P14) -- (P16) node[font = \tiny, pos = .75, above]
{\(\Delta\mathbf{V}^{(v)}\)};
\draw[fixed point arithmetic] let
\p0 = (P15),
\p1 = (P14),
\p2 = (P16),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.25cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (P15) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1,
end angle = \n2] node[inner sep = 0, font = \tiny, inner sep = 0,
fill = white] at ([shift = (P15)] \n4:\n3) {\(\delta\)};
\draw (3.285, 2.15) arc[radius = .125, start angle = 90, end angle = -90]
node[left, font = \tiny, inner sep = 0] {\(\alpha_2\)};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
我想补充一点，这个问题刚刚在新的独立机上再次出现。这是从独立机编译的图片：
以下是文档中的图片：
这张图片刚刚创建、编译，然后添加到主文档并编译。代码可以在这里找到：
答案1
您应该计算$\alpha_2$圆弧的坐标，而不是提供一个固定的数字。
对应的圆弧是
\draw[fixed point arithmetic] let
\p0 = (P9.center),
\p1 = (P10),
\p2 = (P13),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.5cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (P9.center) +(\n1:\n3) arc[radius = \n3, start angle = \n1,
end angle = \n2];
如果您可以复制此部分并将其用于\n4弧的位置：
\draw[fixed point arithmetic] let
\p0 = (P9.center),
\p1 = (P10),
\p2 = (P13),
\n1 = {atan2(\x1 - \x0, \y1 - \y0)},
\n2 = {atan2(\x2 - \x0, \y2 - \y0)},
\n3 = {.5cm},
\n4 = {(\n1 + \n2) / 2}
in (P9.center) +(\n4:\n3) coordinate (test);
\draw (test)
%(3.285cm, 2.15cm)
arc[radius = .125, start angle = 90, end angle = -90]
node[left, font = \tiny, inner sep = 0] {\(\alpha_2\)};
顺便说一句：如果您尝试将该数字缩放，即使是很小的量（因子 0.96），您也会得到“有趣”的结果。
因此您可能正在使用与独立文件不同的 TikZ 设置。