在 Latex 中绘制控制图

Question

我是 LaTeX 的新手，正在尝试绘制类似图中的图表：

这个问题已得到解答，以下是类似图表的代码。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows}


\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
% Define block styles
\tikzstyle{decision} = [diamond, draw, fill=blue!20,text width=4.5em, text badly centered, node distance=3cm, inner sep=0pt]
\tikzstyle{block} = [rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20,text width=5em, text centered, minimum height=4em]
\tikzstyle{cloud} = [draw, ellipse,fill=red!20, node distance=3cm,minimum height=2em]
\tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -stealth, thick]
\tikzstyle{input} = [coordinate]
\tikzstyle{output} = [coordinfor future referenceate]
\tikzstyle{pinstyle} = [pin edge={to-,thin,black}]


\begin{tikzpicture}[auto,node distance =3cm,>=latex',
path/.style={->, >=stealth, postaction = decorate},
decoration={markings, mark = at position 1cm with {\arrow[black]{stealth}}
}]

    % Place nodes
    \node [input, name = input]{Input command};
    \node [block, right of = input] (control) {Controller $C(\theta_c)$};
    \node [block, right of = control](plant){Plant $G(\theta^*$)};
    \node [right of = plant] (output){y};
    \node [block, below of = plant][yshift=1.25cm] (O_p_e) {Online Parameter Estimator};
    \node [block, below of = O_p_e] [yshift=1cm](C_c_p) {Calculation of control parameters};
    \draw[draw,->] ([yshift=-1em]input) -- node [above of = input, node distance = 1em]{Input} ([yshift=-1em]control.west);
  \draw [->] (control) -- node {$u$} (plant);
  \draw [->] (O_p_e) -- node {$\theta(t)$}(C_c_p);
  \draw [->] (control) -- (4.5,0) |- node {} (O_p_e);
    \draw [->] (C_c_p) -| node {$\theta_c(t)$} (control);
    \path[line] (plant) -- (output);
    \draw [->] (plant) -- (7.5,0) |- node {} (O_p_e);
    \draw [->] (plant) -- (7.5,0) -- (7.5,1) -| (0.5,1) |- node {} ([yshift = -0.2cm]control.north west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

以下是使用tikz-dsp (Digital Signal Processing)库；可以按照 TeXample.net 提供的链接下载该库。

我为加法器定义了两种新样式，以获取原始问题中图片所示的标签位置：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{dsp,fit}

\makeatletter
\dspdeclareoperator{dspvoidshapeadder}{
    % Coordinate offset for the plus
    \pgfutil@tempdima=\radius
    \pgfutil@tempdima=0.55\pgfutil@tempdima
    \pgfusepathqstroke
}
\tikzset{
vdspadder/.style={
  shape=dspvoidshapeadder,
   line cap=rect,
  line join=rect,
  line width=\dspblocklinewidth,
  minimum size=\dspoperatordiameter,
  label={185:$+$},
  label={265:$-$}
  },
vadspadder/.style={
  shape=dspvoidshapeadder,
  line cap=rect,
  line join=rect,
  line width=\dspblocklinewidth,
  minimum size=\dspoperatordiameter,
  label=below right:$-$,
  label=above right:$+$
  }
}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
% the nodes
\matrix[row sep=10mm, column sep=10mm] 
{
  & \node[vdspadder] (g1) {}; 
    & 
    & \node[dspsquare] (g2) {$k_{\textrm{pr}}$}; 
    & \node[dspfilter,text width=2cm] (g3) {Yaw Model}; \\
  \node[dspnodeopen,label=above left:$r_{des}$]  (g4) {};
    & & & 
    & \node[dspfilter,text width=2cm,text height=1.5em,text depth=2em] (g5) 
      {Adaptation \\Law}; 
    & \node[vadspadder] (g6) {};  \\
  & \node[vdspadder] (g7) {}; 
    & \node[dspsquare] (g8) {$k_{\textrm{pr}}$}; 
    & \node[dspsquare] (g9) {$K$}; 
    & \node[dspfilter,text width=2cm] (g10) {Yaw Plant}; \\
};

% the connections
\draw (g4) -- +(-20pt,0);
\draw[dspconn] (g4) -- (g5);

\draw[dspconn] (g4) |- coordinate[pos=0.85] (aux4) (g1);
\draw[dspconn] (g1) -- (g2);
\draw[dspconn] (g2) -- node[above] {$\delta_{\textrm{mod}}$} (g3);
\draw[dspconn] (g3) -| node[dspnodeopen,pos=0.25] (aux1) {} (g6) node[label=right:$r_{\textrm{mod}}$,pos=0.75] {};
\draw[dspconn] (g6) -- node[auto,swap] {$e$} (g5);
\draw[dspconn] (aux1) -- +(0,-30pt) -| (g1);

\draw[dspconn] (g4) |- (g7);
\draw[dspconn] (g7) -- (g8);
\draw[dspconn] (g8) -- (g9);
\draw[dspconn] (g9) -- node[below,pos=0.25] {$\delta$} (g10);
\draw[dspconn] (g10) -| node[dspnodeopen,pos=0.25] (aux2) {} (g6) node[label=right:$r$,pos=0.75] {};

\draw[dspconn] (aux2) |- (g5.-20);
\draw[dspconn] (aux2) |- +(0,-30pt) -| (g7);

\draw (g5.270) |- +(0,-22pt) -| (g9);
\draw[dspconn] (g9.south) -- +(0,-10pt);

% the fitting dashed nodes
\coordinate (aux3) at ([yshift=-20pt]aux1);
\node[draw,inner xsep=10pt,inner ysep=20pt,dashed,fit=(aux4) (aux3),label=above:{Closed-Loop Yaw Model}] {};

\node[draw,inner xsep=20pt,inner ysep=12pt,dashed,fit=(g8) (g9),label=above:{Yaw Rate Controller}] {};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}