如何改变描述环境中的字体？

Question 1

这里的包enumitem是你的朋友：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{xcolor}          % if colour is needed
\setlist[description]{%
  topsep=30pt,               % space before start / after end of list
  itemsep=5pt,               % space between items
  font={\bfseries\sffamily}, % set the label font
%  font={\bfseries\sffamily\color{red}}, % if colour is needed
}

% macro to effect changes to the 'text' part of the description env.
\newcommand{\myitem}[2]{\item[#1] \textcolor{blue}{\emph{#2}}}

\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]
\begin{description}
  \item[First] The first item
  \item[Second] The second item
  \item[Third] The third etc \ldots
% use \myitem{<desc>}{<text>} if you want special formatting in both parts:     
  \myitem{Fourth}{The fourth item}
  \myitem{Fifth}{The fifth item, etc.\ldots} 
\end{description}

% restore paragraph indentation: add a blank line after \end{description}
\lipsum[3]
\end{document}

Answer

这里的包enumitem是你的朋友：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{xcolor}          % if colour is needed
\setlist[description]{%
  topsep=30pt,               % space before start / after end of list
  itemsep=5pt,               % space between items
  font={\bfseries\sffamily}, % set the label font
%  font={\bfseries\sffamily\color{red}}, % if colour is needed
}

% macro to effect changes to the 'text' part of the description env.
\newcommand{\myitem}[2]{\item[#1] \textcolor{blue}{\emph{#2}}}

\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]
\begin{description}
  \item[First] The first item
  \item[Second] The second item
  \item[Third] The third etc \ldots
% use \myitem{<desc>}{<text>} if you want special formatting in both parts:     
  \myitem{Fourth}{The fourth item}
  \myitem{Fifth}{The fifth item, etc.\ldots} 
\end{description}

% restore paragraph indentation: add a blank line after \end{description}
\lipsum[3]
\end{document}

Question 2

定义您自己的环境Description：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\newenvironment{Description}
               {\list{}{\labelwidth=0pt \itemindent-\leftmargin
                        \let\makelabel\Descriptionlabel
                        \itshape% or whatever
               }}
               {\endlist}
\newcommand*\Descriptionlabel[1]{%
  \hspace\labelsep
  \normalfont%  reset current font setting
  \color{blue}\bfseries\sffamily% or whatever 
  #1}

\begin{document}

\begin{Description}
  \item[First] The first item
  \item[Second] The second item
  \item[Third] The third etc \ldots
  \item[Fourth]{The fourth item}
  \item[Fifth]{The fifth item, etc.\ldots} 
\end{Description}

\end{document}

Answer

定义您自己的环境Description：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\newenvironment{Description}
               {\list{}{\labelwidth=0pt \itemindent-\leftmargin
                        \let\makelabel\Descriptionlabel
                        \itshape% or whatever
               }}
               {\endlist}
\newcommand*\Descriptionlabel[1]{%
  \hspace\labelsep
  \normalfont%  reset current font setting
  \color{blue}\bfseries\sffamily% or whatever 
  #1}

\begin{document}

\begin{Description}
  \item[First] The first item
  \item[Second] The second item
  \item[Third] The third etc \ldots
  \item[Fourth]{The fourth item}
  \item[Fifth]{The fifth item, etc.\ldots} 
\end{Description}

\end{document}

Question 3

作为乔恩展示，枚举项为各种列表配置提供了强大的功能和灵活性。它允许自定义所有描述/条目/枚举类型列表、特定类型的列表、默认列表、自定义列表、特定层次级别的列表、所有级别的列表等。

这是一个稍微扩展的例子。请注意，结果相当丑陋，因为其目的是说明可能性，而不是展示良好的排版或美观性。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{enumitem,xcolor}

既然您询问了垂直间距，让我们演示一下它的设置。

\setlist{% configure vertical spacing for all affected lists
  topsep=2ex,
  partopsep=2ex,
  parsep=.75ex,
  itemsep=1ex,

添加标签中使用的字体和整个列表使用的字体的选项，实际上，这意味着项目主体，因为标签的字体覆盖了列表范围的设置。

  font=\normalfont\bfseries\color{blue},

因此标签将采用粗体蓝色。

  before={\color{blue!50!red}\itshape}

其余部分将以紫色斜体显示。

由于我们没有使用可选参数\setlist，因此这将指所有description、itemize和enumerate环境，包括自定义环境。

例如，

\begin{description}
  \item[First] The first item
  \item[Second] The second item

  As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
  \item[Third] The third etc \ldots
\end{description}

生产

尽管

\begin{enumerate}
  \item The first item
  \item The second item

  As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
  \item The third etc \ldots
\end{enumerate}

结果是

相应的itemize给出

这些默认值也适用于自定义列表环境。

例如，让我们设置一个自定义排序列表myenumerate。

\newlist{myenumerate}{enumerate}{4}

该列表最多可以有 4 个级别。

\setlist[myenumerate]{label=(\Alph*), ref=\Alph*, before={\color{red}\scshape}}

这些设置可能会覆盖上面的默认自定义设置。此特定列表将使用等形式的标签(A)，(B)但对项目的引用将设置为不带括号。对于整个列表，我们设置了红色和小型大写字母形状。但是，自定义标签格式和间距仍然适用，因此标签仍为粗体蓝色。

因此，myenumerate上述有序列表的版本呈现为

再次假设我们创建一个自定义mydescription环境。

\newlist{mydescription}{description}{1}
\setlist[mydescription]{font=\normalfont\normalcolor\sffamily, before*={\scshape}}

此列表为类型description。标签的字体将采用默认文档无衬线字体和默认颜色，而整个列表将设置为小型大写字母（除非在本地被覆盖），此外，还需加上先前声明的自定义设置。

这意味着使用mydescriptionproduce设置我们的第一个列表

项目主体仍设置为紫色，因为在列表环境开始时触发的代码实际上是

\color{blue!50!red}\itshape\scshape

这意味着斜体形状被小型大写字母覆盖，但紫色保持不变。

如果我们使用了

before={\scshape}

而不是

before*={\scshape}

那么代码将会有被取代而不是添加我们之前设置的默认值，结果应该是

完整代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{enumitem,xcolor}
\setlist{% configure vertical spacing for all affected lists
  topsep=2ex,
  partopsep=2ex,
  parsep=.75ex,
  itemsep=1ex,
  font=\normalfont\bfseries\color{blue},
  before={\color{blue!50!red}\itshape}
}
\newlist{myenumerate}{enumerate}{4}
\setlist[myenumerate]{label=(\Alph*), ref=\Alph*, before={\color{red}\scshape}}
\newlist{mydescription}{description}{1}
\setlist[mydescription]{font=\normalfont\normalcolor\sffamily, before*={\scshape}}
\begin{document}
As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
\begin{description}
  \item[First] The first item
  \item[Second] The second item

  As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
  \item[Third] The third etc \ldots
\end{description}
As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
\begin{mydescription}
  \item[First] The first item
  \item[Second] The second item

  As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
  \item[Third] The third etc \ldots
\end{mydescription}
As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
\begin{enumerate}
  \item The first item
  \item The second item

  As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
  \item The third etc \ldots
\end{enumerate}
As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
\begin{itemize}
  \item The first item
  \item The second item

  As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.

  \item The third etc \ldots
\end{itemize}
As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
\begin{myenumerate}
  \item The first item
  \item The second item

  As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
  \item The third etc \ldots
\end{myenumerate}
As any dedicated reader can clearly see, the Ideal of practical reason is a representation of, as far as I know, the things in themselves; as I have shown elsewhere, the phenomena should only be used as a canon for our understanding.
\end{document}

Answer