我是 LaTeX 的新手，虽然我觉得这个程序很有趣，但很难立刻上手。这次我需要做一些简单的事情，但我还没有找到解决办法。
如您所见，我的列在第一页上完全对齐。问题出现在文档的第二页。您看到了吗？底部靠近分页的地方有一个间隙！第三页也有同样的问题。我希望它们对齐。
有什么想法可以解决这个难题吗？
这就是我所拥有的：
\AtBeginDocument{\flushbottom}
% sets twocolumn environment
\documentclass[10pt,a4paper,twocolumn]{scrartcl}
\bibliographystyle{nature}
\setlength{\columnsep}{30pt}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{a4paper,left=25mm,right=25mm, top=25mm, bottom=25mm}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[latin1,utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}
\usepackage[ngerman,english]{babel}
\usepackage[english,ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[tracking=true]{microtype}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsthm}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{grffile}
\usepackage{bbm}
\usepackage{dsfont}
\usepackage[]{subfigure}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{accents}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{url}
% Define a new 'leo' style for the package that will use a smaller font.
\makeatletter
\def\url@leostyle{
\@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\sffamily}}{\def\UrlFont{\small\ttfamily}}}
\makeatother
\urlstyle{leo}
\begin{document}
% starts supressing the twoculomn environment, from here on it will we one column
\twocolumn[\begin{@twocolumnfalse}
% make a section
\section*{\huge{Contemporary Phantasms}}
\vspace{5mm}
\normalsize
Author: Antonio Palacios\newline
\vspace{5mm}
% the * in \section*{Abstract:} makes that this section will not be listed if you do a \tableofcontents.
\section*{Abstract}
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris.
\vspace{8mm}
%begins tabular
\begin{tabular}{p{1,5cm}p{12,55cm}p{1,5cm}}
% to center the Keywords i did a table with 3 columns and used the first and the last one as free space
&\textbf{Keywords}: Barad $\cdot$ Baudrillard $\cdot$ Bridle $\cdot$ existence $\cdot$ hyperreality $\cdot$ New Aesthetic $\cdot$quantum field theory $\cdot$ render ghosts $\cdot$ simulacrum $\cdot$ virtual $\cdot$ void & \\
\end{tabular}
% ends tabular
\vspace{11mm}
\end{@twocolumnfalse}] % ends suppressing the twocolumn environment, from here on it will be twocolumn
\section*{Introduction}% make section
At the end of the last millennia, "The Truman Show" film \cite{truman} starred by Canadian born comedian Jim Carrey was received with great acclaim. The movie depicted a nonchalant man who lived all his life unaware that he was only a character inside a televised program. It was only by an accumulation of signs that he ended up uncovering the truth.
\newline \newline
In "The Truman Show," the scope of reality television was cleverly questioned: What if we were only props in a simulated world? I cannot but wonder that Truman Burbank is the perfect analogy for a virtual entity. Isolated in a parallel space, living in an idyllic world, raised as real but fake as a forgery bill. \newline \newline
In the present era, reality TV shows are not shocking anymore. In the same manner, the fact that our environment has been systematically been duplicated does not surprises us. On a daily basis, we experience a series of simulated phenomena and we do not even bother to question what is substantial, and what is not. In fact, it would be almost impossible to distinguish, because that is by definition a property of simulacrum. In spite of that difficulty, on the following sections I will be revising theories and views of bright spirits that have decided to question aspects such as simulation, ontology, and virtuality.
\section*{Hyperreal beings} % make section
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris.
\newline \newline
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris.
\newline \newline
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris.
\newline \newline
“\textit{Today abstraction is no longer that of the map, the double, the mirror, or the concept. Simulation is no longer that of a territory, a referential being, or a substance. It is the generation by models of a real without origin or reality: a hyperreal}.” \cite[p.~1]{baudrillard}
\newline \newline
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris,
\newline \newline
“\textit{Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris. }.” \cite[p.~1]{baudrillard}
\newline \newline
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris.
\newline \newline
“\textit{It is no longer a question of imitation, nor duplication, nor even parody. It is a question of substituting the signs of the real for the real, that is to say of an operation of deterring every real process via its operational double, a programmatic, metastable, perfectly descriptive machine that offers all the signs of the real and short-circuits all its vicissitudes}.” \cite[p.~2]{baudrillard}
\newline \newline
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris.
\newline \newline
“\textit{The closer one gets to the perfection of the simulacrum (…), the more evident it becomes (…) how everything escapes representation, escapes its own double and its resemblance}.”\cite[p.~71]{baudrillard}
\newline \newline
Aliquam in eleifend sem. Sed nulla massa, pretium non est et, egestas euismod enim. Nulla sed consequat leo. Nullam ultrices metus vitae dolor convallis eleifend. Ut vitae leo laoreet, sodales nisi sit amet, fermentum lacus. Etiam ullamcorper justo et bibendum fringilla. Nunc adipiscing sem non volutpat sagittis. Curabitur at est egestas, tincidunt nunc ac, pretium dolor. Cras et justo eu purus eleifend mollis vel dapibus diam. Nam vitae mi sit amet massa bibendum viverra vel eu justo. Mauris gravida gravida rutrum. Phasellus nec justo interdum, egestas est non, lacinia mauris.
\newline \newline
“\textit{If, according to Mach, the universe is that of which there is no double, no equivalent in the mirror, then with the hologram we are already virtually in another universe: which is nothing but the mirrored equivalent of this one. But which universe is this one}?” \cite[p.~71]{baudrillard}
\newline \newline
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\section*{A (still) inexistent existence}
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\newline \newline
I will like to start with a quote from “The Measurement of Nothingness,” which will open a door to further discussion into the matter of existence:
\newline \newline
“\textit{Virtuality is not a speedy return, a popping into and out of existence with great rapidity, but rather the indeterminacy of being/non-being, a ghostly non/existence}.” \cite[p.~12]{barad}
\newline \newline
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\newline \newline
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\newline \newline
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\newline \newline
“\textit{Virtual particles are short-lived particles that cannot be directly detected, but that affect physical quantities—such as the mass of a particle or the electric force between two charged particles—in measurable ways}.”\cite[p.~38]{dukes}
\newline \newline
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\newline \newline
“\textit{Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada. }.” \cite[p.~15]{barad}
\newline \newline
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\section*{Ghosts}
Vivamus fringilla elit quis enim accumsan tempus. Proin sodales est sed tempus scelerisque. Maecenas molestie urna non tincidunt semper. Integer hendrerit, turpis sed tincidunt auctor, leo augue vehicula est, quis rhoncus sem neque a libero. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque porttitor eros sed feugiat varius. Vestibulum dictum vulputate malesuada.
\end{document}
答案1
你会注意到，问题只出现在你仅有的使用段落文本。那些带有章节标题的文本似乎与底部齐平……
...这是因为你没有\parskip正确使用 LaTeX 的弹性长度。从技术上讲，使用弹性长度在段落之间强制留空行\newline\newline仍会将两段文本设置为一个段落，并且目前无法垂直拉伸行，以便它们完全适合文本块，因为geometry您使用的尺寸。
这里的解决方案是添加
\setlength{\parskip}{\the\baselineskip plus 2pt minus 1pt}
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
到文档前言。第一个将段落分隔符设置为相当于一个空行（加上 2pt 或可能减去 1pt，以提供一些灵活性；这可能需要调整）。第二个删除段落缩进（因为这似乎是您想要的）。
最后，删除\newline\newline文本中的所有构造并使用空行：
The first question will be: What is a simulation and how it differs from a mere
representation? While both terms can be easily confused, Baudrillard makes an effort to
differentiate both concepts. When we face an image---a form of representation---we can
distinguish it from the original. Therefore, reality has not been compromised; in this
case, it is clear the boundary between the copy and the clone. A simulacrum, on the
contrary, threatens reality masking it. It no longer resembles reality, because it is a
product without a basis on reality that fools us.
I like the example of the Borges’ fable given on the first chapter of “Simulacra and
Simulation,” the book I will be using as a reference in this section \cite{baudrillard}.
Although the territory existed first, and was used as a matrix to create an ambitious
exact replica of it, it was the map that survived, masking what it had below. Citizens
will no more inhabit the real world, but the map. Here and there we can find vestiges
of the territory, a subverted scenario where reality has been effaced.