代码
\documentclass[a4paper,twoside,12pt]{book}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\begin{document}
\noindent Let us define:
\begin{description}
\item[$C_{DEP}$] (\euro) depreciation of the machine.
\item[$C_{EN}$] (\euro) energy cost.
\item[$CE$] (\euro /year) energy cost per year.
\item[$CMAT_{(W \geq W_L)}$] (\euro\textcentoldstyle) cost of raw material regarding the ``conforming'' packages.
\item[$CMAT_{(W < W_L)}$] (\euro\textcentoldstyle) cost of raw material regarding the ``non conforming'' packages.
\item[$CS$] (\euro\textcentoldstyle) cost of sorting.
\item[$CP$] (\euro\textcentoldstyle) cost of the packaging material.
\item[$c_{pack}$] (\euro /kg) cost of the packaging material per kilogram.
\item[$c_u$] (\euro\textcentoldstyle/g) cost of the raw material per gram.
\item[$\delta$] dummy variable to consider both rework and scrap packages.
\item[$DEP$] (\euro /year) depreciation of the machine per year.
\item[$E(W|W \geq W_L)$] (g/package) expected weight value of the ``conforming'' packages.
\item[$E(W|W < W_L)$] (g/package) expected weight value of the ``non conforming'' packages.
\item[$LAB$] (\euro /h) labor cost per hour.
\item[$n_B$] number of ``conforming'' packages.
\item[$P$] number of packages produced in a specific time interval.
\item[$Q_{pack}$] (kg/package) quantity of the packaging material per package.
\item[$t$] (hours/package) production time.
\item[$W$] (g/package) quantity of product delivered in each package, it can be modeled as a random variable with an unknown distribution.
\item[$W_L$] (g/package) legal weight of the package. The tolerable negative error in the contents of a prepackage is fixed in accordance with the table below:
\begin{table}[htbp]
\captionsetup{font=small} % Set the caption font size
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{cc | cc}
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$W_T$ in \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}} & \multicolumn{2}{|c}{Tolerable negative error}\\
\midrule
from & to & as \% of $W_T$ & \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}\\
\midrule
5 & 50 & 9 & - \\
50 & 100 & - & 4.5 \\
100 & 200 & 4.5 & - \\
200 & 300 & - & 9 \\
300 & 500 & 3 & - \\
500 & 1000 & - & 15 \\
1000 & \num{10000} & 1.5 & - \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\vspace{5pt} % a little space to shift the caption down
\caption{tolerable negative error}
\label{tab:legislation}
\end{center}
\end{table}
\item[$W_T$] (g) Target weight value of a package.
\item[$TI$] (s) time used to take care of the ``non conforming'' packages.
\item[$WH$] (hours/year) working hours of the machine per year.
\end{description}
\end{document}
输出
问题
有没有简单的方法来对齐符号、测量单位和描述？我想避免使用表格来对齐。我想要这样的东西：
SYMBOL (Units) Long long long long long long long long long long long long long
SYMBOL_2 (Units) Long long long long long long long long long long long long long
Long long long long long long long long long long long long long
答案1
这个可能的解决方案利用了具有对齐描述的描述列表abox并为符号定义一个名为“长度为 3cm、左对齐的框”的宏，以便建立第二列对齐。
代码
\documentclass[a4paper,twoside,12pt]{book}
\usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{eurosym,booktabs}
%\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp,siunitx,caption}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\def\abox#1{\leavevmode\hbox to 3cm{#1\ \hfill}}
\begin{document}
\noindent Let us define:
\begin{description}[leftmargin=6.2cm,labelwidth=\widthof{$E(W|W < W_L)$}]
\item[$C_{DEP}$] \abox{(\euro)} depreciation of the machine.
\item[$C_{EN}$] \abox{(\euro)} energy cost.
\item[$CE$] \abox{(\euro/year)} energy cost per year.
\item[$CMAT_{(W \geq W_L)}$] \abox{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of raw material regarding the ``conforming'' packages.
\item[$CMAT_{(W < W_L)}$] \abox{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of raw material regarding the ``non conforming'' packages.
\item[$CS$] \abox{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of sorting.
\item[$CP$] \abox{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of the packaging material.
\item[$c_{pack}$] \abox{(\euro /kg)} cost of the packaging material per kilogram.
\item[$c_u$] \abox{(\euro\textcentoldstyle/g)} cost of the raw material per gram.
\item[$\delta$] \abox{} dummy variable to consider both rework and scrap packages.
\item[$DEP$] \abox{(\euro /year)} depreciation of the machine per year.
\item[$E(W|W \geq W_L)$]\abox{(g/package)} expected weight value of the ``conforming'' packages.
\item[$E(W|W < W_L)$] \abox{(g/package)} expected weight value of the ``non conforming'' packages.
\item[$LAB$] \abox{(\euro /h)} labor cost per hour.
\item[$n_B$] \abox{} number of ``conforming'' packages.
\item[$P$] \abox{} number of packages produced in a specific time interval.
\item[$Q_{pack}$] \abox{(kg/package)} quantity of the packaging material per package.
\item[$t$] \abox{(hours/package)} production time.
\item[$W$] \abox{(g/package)} quantity of product delivered in each package, it can be modeled as a random variable with an unknown distribution.
\item[$W_L$] \abox{(g/package)} legal weight of the package. The tolerable negative error in the contents of a prepackage is fixed in accordance with the table below:
\begin{table}[htbp]
\captionsetup{font=small} % Set the caption font size
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{cc | cc}
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$W_T$ in \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}} & \multicolumn{2}{|c}{Tolerable negative error}\\
\midrule
from & to & as \% of $W_T$ & \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}\\
\midrule
5 & 50 & 9 & - \\
50 & 100 & - & 4.5 \\
100 & 200 & 4.5 & - \\
200 & 300 & - & 9 \\
300 & 500 & 3 & - \\
500 & 1000 & - & 15 \\
1000 & \num{10000} & 1.5 & - \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\vspace{5pt} % a little space to shift the caption down
\caption{tolerable negative error}
\label{tab:legislation}
\end{center}
\end{table}
\item[$W_T$] \abox{(g)} Target weight value of a package.
\item[$TI$] \abox{(s)} time used to take care of the ``non conforming'' packages.
\item[$WH$] \abox{(hours/year)} working hours of the machine per year.
\end{description}
\end{document}
答案2
根据需要修改\onelen和的值并使用代替，如下例所示：\twolen\myitem\item
\documentclass[a4paper,twoside,12pt]{book}
\usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{eurosym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{caption,booktabs}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\newlength\onelen
\newlength\twolen
\setlength\onelen{6.35cm}
\setlength\twolen{3cm}
\newcommand{\myitem}[2]{%
\item[#1] \makebox[\twolen][l]{#2}%
}
\begin{document}
\noindent Let us define:
\begin{description}[leftmargin=\onelen,labelwidth=3cm]
\myitem{$C_{DEP}$}{(\euro)} depreciation of the machine.
\myitem{$C_{EN}$}{(\euro)} energy cost.
\myitem{$CE$}{(\euro /year)} energy cost per year.
\myitem{$CMAT_{(W \geq W_L)}$}{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of raw material regarding the ``conforming'' packages.
\myitem{$CMAT_{(W < W_L)}$}{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of raw material regarding the ``non conforming'' packages.
\myitem{$CS$}{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of sorting.
\myitem{$CP$}{(\euro\textcentoldstyle)} cost of the packaging material.
\myitem{$c_{pack}$}{(\euro /kg)} cost of the packaging material per kilogram.
\myitem{$c_u$}{(\euro\textcentoldstyle/g)} cost of the raw material per gram.
\myitem{$\delta$}{} dummy variable to consider both rework and scrap packages.
\myitem{$DEP$}{(\euro /year)} depreciation of the machine per year.
\myitem{$E{(W|W \geq W_L)}$}{(g/package)} expected weight value of the ``conforming'' packages.
\myitem{$E(W|W < W_L)$}{{(g/package)}} expected weight value of the ``non conforming'' packages.
\myitem{$LAB$}{(\euro /h)} labor cost per hour.
\myitem{$n_B$}{} number of ``conforming'' packages.
\myitem{$P$}{} number of packages produced in a specific time interval.
\myitem{$Q_{pack}$}{(kg/package)} quantity of the packaging material per package.
\myitem{$t$}{(hours/package)} production time.
\myitem{$W$}{(g/package)} quantity of product delivered in each package, it can be modeled as a random variable with an unknown distribution.
\myitem{$W_L$}{(g/package)} legal weight of the package. The tolerable negative error in the contents of a prepackage is fixed in accordance with the table below:
\begin{table}[htbp]
\captionsetup{font=small} % Set the caption font size
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{cc | cc}
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$W_T$ in \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}} & \multicolumn{2}{|c}{Tolerable negative error}\\
\midrule
from & to & as \% of $W_T$ & \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}\\
\midrule
5 & 50 & 9 & - \\
50 & 100 & - & 4.5 \\
100 & 200 & 4.5 & - \\
200 & 300 & - & 9 \\
300 & 500 & 3 & - \\
500 & 1000 & - & 15 \\
1000 & \num{10000} & 1.5 & - \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\vspace{5pt} % a little space to shift the caption down
\caption{tolerable negative error}
\label{tab:legislation}
\end{center}
\end{table}
\myitem{$W_T$}{(g)} Target weight value of a package.
\myitem{$TI$}{(s)} time used to take care of the ``non conforming'' packages.
\myitem{$WH$}{(hours/year)} working hours of the machine per year.
\end{description}
\end{document}
答案3
如果你只想使用description列表并这样做大卫建议，将所有内容塞入项目描述中，您可以使用\rlap和获得廉价的对齐\phantom。 （注意，这两个命令的参数\phantom应该分别是“符号”和“单位”字段中最长的条目。）
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[official]{eurosym}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\newcommand\itemd[2]{\item[\rlap{#1}\phantom{$CMAT_{(W<W_L)}$} \rlap{(#2)}\phantom{\euro{}
/ package}]}
\begin{document}
\noindent Let us define:
\begin{description}
\itemd{$C_{DEP}$}{\euro{}} depreciation of the machine.
\itemd{$C_{EN}$}{\euro{}} energy cost.
\itemd{$CE$}{\euro{} /year} energy cost per year.
\itemd{$CMAT_{(W \geq W_L)}$}{\euro{}} cost of raw
material regarding the ``conforming'' packages.
\itemd{$CMAT_{(W < W_L)}$}{\euro{}} cost of raw
material regarding the ``non conforming'' packages.
\itemd{$CS$}{\euro{}} cost of sorting.
\itemd{$c_{pack}$}{\euro{} /kg} cost of the packaging material per
kilogram.
\itemd{$c_u$}{\euro{}/g} cost of the raw material per
gram.
\itemd{$\delta$}{none} dummy variable to consider both rework and scrap
packages.
\itemd{$DEP$}{\euro{} /year} depreciation of the machine per year.
\itemd{$E(W|W \geq W_L)$}{g/package} expected weight value of the
``conforming'' packages.
\end{description}
\end{document}
（发布 CW 是因为我不太喜欢这种输出：由于有许多不同长度的符号和单位，任何对齐的输出看起来都会很尴尬。）
答案4
使用它tablex支持longtable以及tabularx可能的分页符：
\documentclass[a4paper,twoside]{book}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{textcomp,eurosym}
\usepackage{ltablex}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup{font=small} % Set the caption font size
\begin{document}
\noindent Let us define:
\noindent
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{}r X@{}}
$C_{DEP}$ (\euro) & depreciation of the machine.\\
$C_{EN}$ (\euro) & energy cost.\\
$CE$ (\euro /year) & energy cost per year.\\
$CMAT_{(W \geq W_L)}$ (\euro\textcentoldstyle) & cost of raw material regarding the ``conforming'' packages.\\
$CMAT_{(W < W_L)}$ (\euro\textcentoldstyle) & cost of raw material regarding the ``non conforming'' packages.\\
$CS$ (\euro\textcentoldstyle) & cost of sorting.\\
$CP$ (\euro\textcentoldstyle) & cost of the packaging material.\\
$c_{pack}$ (\euro /kg) & cost of the packaging material per kilogram.\\
$c_u$ (\euro\textcentoldstyle/g) & cost of the raw material per gram.\\
$\delta$ & dummy variable to consider both rework and scrap packages.\\
$DEP$ (\euro /year) & depreciation of the machine per year.\\
$E(W|W \geq W_L)$ (g/package) & expected weight value of the ``conforming'' packages.\\
$E(W|W < W_L)$ (g/package) & expected weight value of the ``non conforming'' packages.\\
$LAB$ (\euro /h) & labor cost per hour.\\
$n_B$ & number of ``conforming'' packages.\\
$P$ & number of packages produced in a specific time interval.\\
$Q_{pack}$ (kg/package) & quantity of the packaging material per package.\\
$t$ (hours/package) & production time.\\
$W$ (g/package) & quantity of product delivered in each package, it can be modeled as a random variable with an unknown distribution.\\
$W_L$ (g/package) & legal weight of the package. The tolerable negative error in the contents of a prepackage is fixed in accordance with the table below:
\end{tabularx}
\addtocounter{table}{-1}
\begin{longtable}{cc | cc}\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{$W_T$ in \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}} & \multicolumn{2}{|c}{Tolerable negative error}\\
\midrule
from & to & as \% of $W_T$ & \si{\gram} or \si{\ml}\\
\midrule
5 & 50 & 9 & - \\
50 & 100 & - & 4.5 \\
100 & 200 & 4.5 & - \\
200 & 300 & - & 9 \\
300 & 500 & 3 & - \\
500 & 1000 & - & 15 \\
1000 & \num{10000} & 1.5 & - \\\bottomrule
\caption{tolerable negative error}\label{tab:legislation} \\
\end{longtable}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{}r l X@{}}
$W_T$ (g) & Target weight value of a package.\\
$TI$ (s) & time used to take care of the ``non conforming'' packages.\\
$WH$ (hours/year) & working hours of the machine per year.\\
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}
