需要帮助配置 biblatex-dw 的条目类型驱动程序。不同的条目类型有不同的引用样式 sa

Question 1

@archive正如我在上面的评论中提到的，我认为创建一个完全符合您需求的新条目类型是有益的。

我们必须创建一个新的数据模型文件archives.dbx，并将其放在 LaTeX 可以找到的地方（与当前文件相同的目录肯定可以）。

\ProvidesFile{archives.dbx}[2014/04/02 supplement archive]
\RequireBiber[3]

\DeclareDatamodelEntrytypes{archive}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{category,subcategory,archive,box}
\DeclareDatamodelConstraints[archive]{
  \constraint[type=mandatory]{
    \constraintfield{archive}
    \constraintfield{category}
    \constraintfield{box}
  }
}

\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{category}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{category}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{subcategory}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{subcategory}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{archive}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{archive}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{box}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{box}
\endinput

我们定义一个新的条目类型，@archive它包含字段archive、category和（前三个是必填字段，为可选字段）。boxsubcategorysubcategory

然后我们告诉biblatex如何处理新的条目类型

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{archive}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \printfield{archive}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printfield{category}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printfield{subcategory}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printfield{box}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

这非常简单（并且根本不太复杂）：只需打印所有用空格分隔的字段。

我们必须在加载时间选项中告诉通过（不带扩展）biblatex使用该数据模型。datamodel=archives.dbx

对于排序，我们可以定义一个名为的自定义排序方案archive。

\DeclareSortingScheme{archive}{
  \sort{
    \field{archive}
  }
  \sort{
    \field{category}
  }
  \sort{
    \field{subcategory}
  }
  \sort{
    \field{box}
  }
}

正如人们所期望的那样，它按archive、category、排序。在参考书目中，我们通过根据需要附加来使用此排序方案。subcategoryboxsorting=archive

为了引用authortitle-dw，我们必须重新定义cite:normal

\renewbibmacro*{cite:normal}{%
  \iffieldundef{shorthand}
    {\ifthenelse{\ifciteibid\AND\NOT\iffirstonpage}
       {\usebibmacro{cite:ibid}}
       {\ifentrytype{archive}
         {\usedriver
          {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}}
          {\thefield{entrytype}}}
       {\ifthenelse{\ifciteidem\AND\NOT\boolean{cbx:noidem}%
                                 \AND\NOT\iffirstonpage}
           {\usebibmacro{cite:idem}%
            \usebibmacro{cite:title}%
            \usebibmacro{cite:save}}
           {\ifnameundef{labelname}
             {}
             {\usebibmacro{cite:name}}%
              \usebibmacro{cite:title}}%
            \ifbool{cbx:omiteditor}
              {}
              {\ifnameundef{labelname}
                {\newunit
                 \usebibmacro{cite:byeditor}}
                {}}%
           \usebibmacro{cite:save}}}}%
    {\ifbool{cbx:shorthandibid}%
       {\ifthenelse{\ifciteibid\AND\NOT\iffirstonpage}%
         {\usebibmacro{cite:ibid}}
         {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
       {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}}

我们仅检查所引用的条目是否属于类型@archive；如果是，则根据需要生成整个引用（不存在简短形式）。*

为了能够按档案分开参考书目，我们将为bibcategory每个档案定义一个新的archive，如下所示

\DeclareBibliographyCategory{archive1}
\DeclareBibliographyCategory{archnew}

然后我们设立了一个检查archive

\AtDataInput[archive]{
  \iffieldequalstr{archive}{Archive 1}
    {\addtocategory{archive1}{\thefield{entrykey}}}
    {}
  \iffieldequalstr{archive}{ArchNew}
    {\addtocategory{archnew}{\thefield{entrykey}}}
    {}
}

此测试仅检查archive字段是否包含特定字符串，如果是，则将条目添加到适当的类别。

打印分开的书目就像

\printbibliography[category=archive1,heading=subbibliography,title={Archive 1},sorting=archive]
\printbibliography[category=archnew,heading=subbibliography,title={Archive Newtown},sorting=archive]
\printbibliography[nottype=archive,heading=subbibliography]

完整的示例（显然archives.dbx是在这里创建的，filecontents如果您有效地使用该文件，您将在适当的位置保存该文件的副本）

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[
    style=authortitle-dw,
    firstfull=true,
    datamodel=archives,
]{biblatex}
\usepackage{filecontents}

\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@archive{test1,
  subcategory = {subcategory},
  archive     = {Archive 1},
  category    = {Category 1},
  box         = {Box1},
}
@archive{test2,
  subcategory = {subcategory},
  archive     = {Archive 1},
  category    = {Category 1},
  box         = {Box2},
}
@archive{test3,
  subcategory = {subcategory},
  archive     = {Archive 1},
  category    = {Category 2},
  box         = {Box2},
}
@archive{test5,
  subcategory = {Ru7},
  archive     = {ArchNew},
  category    = {FAS},
  box         = {321},
}
@article{test4,
  title   = {Something},
  author  = {Mueller, Claus},
  journal = {A Journal},
}
\end{filecontents*}
\begin{filecontents*}{archives.dbx}
\ProvidesFile{archives.dbx}[2014/04/02 supplement archive]
\RequireBiber[3]

\DeclareDatamodelEntrytypes{archive}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{category,subcategory,archive,box}
\DeclareDatamodelConstraints[archive]{
  \constraint[type=mandatory]{
    \constraintfield{archive}
    \constraintfield{category}
    \constraintfield{box}
  }
}

\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{category}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{category}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{subcategory}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{subcategory}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{archive}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{archive}
\DeclareDatamodelFields[type=field,datatype=literal]{box}
\DeclareDatamodelEntryfields[archive]{box}
\endinput
\end{filecontents*}

\DeclareBibliographyDriver{archive}{%
  \usebibmacro{bibindex}%
  \usebibmacro{begentry}%
  \printfield{archive}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printfield{category}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printfield{subcategory}%
  \setunit{\addspace}%
  \printfield{box}%
  \newunit\newblock
  \usebibmacro{pageref}%
  \usebibmacro{finentry}}

\renewbibmacro*{cite:normal}{%
  \iffieldundef{shorthand}
    {\ifthenelse{\ifciteibid\AND\NOT\iffirstonpage}
       {\usebibmacro{cite:ibid}}
       {\ifentrytype{archive}
         {\usedriver
          {\DeclareNameAlias{sortname}{default}}
          {\thefield{entrytype}}}
       {\ifthenelse{\ifciteidem\AND\NOT\boolean{cbx:noidem}%
                                 \AND\NOT\iffirstonpage}
           {\usebibmacro{cite:idem}%
            \usebibmacro{cite:title}%
            \usebibmacro{cite:save}}
           {\ifnameundef{labelname}
             {}
             {\usebibmacro{cite:name}}%
              \usebibmacro{cite:title}}%
            \ifbool{cbx:omiteditor}
              {}
              {\ifnameundef{labelname}
                {\newunit
                 \usebibmacro{cite:byeditor}}
                {}}%
           \usebibmacro{cite:save}}}}%
    {\ifbool{cbx:shorthandibid}%
       {\ifthenelse{\ifciteibid\AND\NOT\iffirstonpage}%
         {\usebibmacro{cite:ibid}}
         {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}%
       {\usebibmacro{cite:shorthand}}}}

\DeclareBibliographyCategory{archive1}
\DeclareBibliographyCategory{archnew}
\AtDataInput[archive]{
  \iffieldequalstr{archive}{Archive 1}
    {\addtocategory{archive1}{\thefield{entrykey}}}
    {}
  \iffieldequalstr{archive}{ArchNew}
    {\addtocategory{archnew}{\thefield{entrykey}}}
    {}
}


\DeclareSortingScheme{archive}{
  \sort{
    \field{archive}
  }
  \sort{
    \field{category}
  }
  \sort{
    \field{subcategory}
  }
  \sort{
    \field{box}
  }
}

\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\begin{document}
  Lorem\footcite{test3}
  ipsum\footcite{test3}
  dolor\footcite{test1}
  sit\footcite{test1}
  amet\footcite{test2}
  consecetur\footcite{test3}
  blah\footcite{test1}
  bleurg\footcite{test4}
  more\footcite{test5}

  \clearpage

  Trallala\footcite{test1}

  \printbibliography[category=archive1, heading=subbibliography, title={Archive 1}, sorting=archive]
  \printbibliography[category=archnew, heading=subbibliography, title={Archive Newtown}, sorting=archive]
  \printbibliography[nottype=archive, heading=subbibliography]
\end{document}

脚注引用分割书目：现在排序正确

* 如果您愿意，也可以实现简短形式。

Answer