Bib（已编辑，包含两个不相关的条目，不应受到影响）。

Question

我有一堆同一位作者的 bib 条目，它们都标有完整日期。问题是其中一些条目的日期相同，因此需要一个 extrayear 标签。但 extrayear 按年份工作，而不是按完整日期工作。所以看起来我只能标记所有条目或不标记任何条目。有人知道在下面的例子中，两个中间条目如何获得标签“a”和“b”，而其他条目没有标签吗？

\documentclass[fontsize=11pt,parskip=half]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[backend=biber,
            style=authoryear-ibid,
            datelabel=short,
            ]{biblatex}

\addbibresource{testextra.bib}

%\AtEveryBibitem{\iffieldundef{day}{}{\clearfield{extrayear}}{}}
%\AtEveryCitekey{\iffieldundef{day}{}{\clearfield{extrayear}}{}}


\begin{document}
abc\nocite{*}

\printbibliography

\end{document}

Bib（已编辑，包含两个不相关的条目，不应受到影响）。

@article{authorA1,
 author={authorA},
 title={blaa},
 date={2014-03-03}
 }

@article{authorA2,
 author={authorA},
 title={blab},
 date={2014-03-04}
 }


@article{authorA3,
 author={authorA},
 title={blac},
 date={2014-03-04}
 }

@article{authorA4,
 author={authorA},
 title={blad},
 date={2014-03-05}
 }

@article{gambol,
author={Gambolputty, Johann},
title={Titel},
year={1970}}

@book{authorB,
author={authorB},
title={Titel},
date={2010-10}}

Answer 1

随着新的\DeclareExtradate（见https://github.com/plk/biblatex/issues/540biblatex) 在3.8/Biber 2.8中引入，你只需要

\DeclareExtradate{%
  \scope{
    \field{labelyear}
    \field{year}
  }
  \scope{
    \field{labelmonth}
  }
  \scope{
    \field{labelday}
  }
}

由于您使用的日期格式已将extradate字段（以前称为extrayear）放入正确的位置，我们甚至不需要更改日期宏。如果需要不同的输出，可能需要修改日期打印宏2017-02-27b。

Answer 2

我尝试创建一个独立的 Lua 模块来修复该bbl文件。排序在这里不是问题，它使用通用year-month-day格式。在此示例中，我们尝试获取从a,b,c,d到 的一系列,a,b,。我们需要提前搜索，否则我们将获得一系列a,a,b,a。我决定更改系列的排序键是namehash+ year+ month+ day，它是来自文件的字段的组合bbl。该算法可以简要描述如下：

• 如果两个连续日期不相等，请注释掉第一行。
• 如果是，请使用计数器并修改两行中该字段的数字（这是第二个 TeX 参数），例如修改为 1 和 2、2 和 3...
• 如果没有年、月、日数据，则故意跳过某个条目。

编辑：year由于使用了排序键，我们得到了、year+month和year++的单独系列。我已通过添加默认值修复了修复程序，因此如果没有或数据，month它就可以正常工作。daymonthday

在我们的示例中，我们将在前四次出现时获得更改extrayear（这是以前的版本，请参阅修订列表）：

\字段{额外年份}{1}
\字段{额外年份}{2}
\字段{额外年份}{3}
\字段{额外年份}{4}

到

%\field{额外年份}{1}
\field{额外年份}{1}%2
\field{额外年份}{2}%3
%\field{额外年份}{4}

编辑：extrayear出于安全原因，在新版本中添加了新字段而不是进行更改，例如\field{userb}{1}。

我们可以比较使用修复程序之前和之后的结果：

笔记：我认为文本中的引用应该以某种方式进行修复（希望在级别上biblatex），它看起来不对，因为我们可以发现AuthorA 2014两次，但针对两本不同的书。如果我们使用\nocite{*}，那就没问题了。Ulrike Fischer 建议重新定义\cite命令。

我正在以这种方式使用所谓的修复程序（Lua 独立库）：

lualatex mal-biber
biber mal-biber
luatex --luaonly mal-fixer.lua mal-biber
lualatex mal-biber

如果一切正常，您可能会在终端中发现两行：

Mal-fixer 正在处理 mal-biber.bbl 文件...
Mal-fixer 已完成 12 项任务！

虽然我运行的是lualatex，但任何 LaTeX 格式都可以使用。我附上了主要的 TeX 代码和 Lua 库。

%! *latex mal-biber.tex
\documentclass[fontsize=11pt,parskip=half]{scrartcl}
\pagestyle{empty}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[backend=biber,
            style=authoryear-ibid,
            datelabel=short,
            ]{biblatex}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\def\malfile{testextra1.bib}
\begin{filecontents*}{\malfile}
@article{authorA4,
 author={AuthorA},
 title={blad},
 date={2014-03-05},
 }
@article{authorA3,
 author={AuthorA},
 title={blac},
 date={2014-03-04},
 }
@article{authorA2,
 author={AuthorA},
 title={blab},
 date={2014-03-04},
 }
@article{authorA1,
 author={AuthorA},
 title={blaa},
 date={2014-03-03},
 }
@article{gambol,
  author={Gambolputty, Johann},
  title={Titel},
  year={1970},
  }
@article{gambolb,
  author={Gambolputty, Johann},
  title={Titel},
  year={1970},
  }
@book{authorBa,
  author={AuthorB},
  title={Titel},
  date={2010-10},
  }
@book{authorBb,
  author={AuthorB},
  title={Titel},
  date={2010-10},
  }
@book{authorBc,
  author={AuthorB},
  title={Titel},
  date={2010-11},
  }
@book{authorBd,
  author={AuthorB},
  title={Titel},
  date={2010-11},
  }
@book{authorC,
  author={AuthorC},
  title={Titel},
  }
@book{authorD,
  author={AuthorD},
  title={Titel},
  date={},
  }
\end{filecontents*}
\addbibresource{\malfile}
%\ifx\relax % An updated version...
\AtEveryBibitem{% A tip for using \savefield->\restorefield by Ulrike Fischer...
\iffieldundef{extrayear}{}{%
  \clearfield{extrayear}%
  \iffieldequalstr{userb}{}{}{\savefield{userb}{\myusera}%
  \restorefield{extrayear}{\myusera}}%
  }% End of testing extrayear...
}% End of \AtEveryBibitem...
%\AtEveryCitekey{}
%\fi
\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
\ifx\relax % The \cite command must be redefined to fit those three fields...
% A tip by Ulrike Fischer: \mkbibdateshort{labelyear}{labelmonth}{labelday}
The regular paragraph\ldots\par
\cite{authorA4}\par\cite{authorA3}\par\cite{authorA2}\par\cite{authorA1}\par 
\cite{gambol}\par\cite{gambolb}\par
\cite{authorBa}\par\cite{authorBb}\par\cite{authorBc}\par\cite{authorBd}\par
\cite{authorC}\par\cite{authorD}\par
\fi
\printbibliography
\end{document}

该库是这个文件：

-- I am a mal-fixer.lua file, version 3 from 2014-04-04...
-- I am fixing extrayear in the bbl file...

---- Common usage: ----
-- lualatex mal-biber
-- biber mal-biber
-- luatex --luaonly mal-fixer.lua mal-biber
-- lualatex mal-biber

local name=arg[1] -- Get me a name from the command line...
if string.sub(name,-4)~=".bbl" then name=name..".bbl" end -- Add me an extension if I don't have one
--print(name) -- Show me the name of the file...
--do return end -- Quick exit of Lua...
print("\nMal-fixer is processing the "..name.." file...") -- Information sent to the terminal...

local myfile=io.open(name,"r") -- Read the file...
local content=myfile:lines() --("*a")

local mybackup=io.open(name.."-backup","w") -- Open me as a backup file...

local saved={} -- Storage of all data...
local mal=0 -- A counter of \entry commands...

for oneline in content do -- The main cycle over lines...
mybackup:write(oneline.."\n") -- Backup of a single line...

-- If a line contains \entry, use counter mal +1...
malvalue=string.find(oneline,"\\entry")
if malvalue~=nil then
  mal=mal+1
  saved[mal]={}
  -- initial setting...
  saved[mal][1]="" -- In general, there is no need for namehash to be initialized, it is always there, but just to be sure...
  saved[mal][2]=""
  saved[mal][3]=""
  saved[mal][4]=""
  --print(oneline)
end

-- Search for these items in a line...
maltran={"namehash", "year", "month", "day"}
for k,v in pairs(maltran) do
searchme=".-{"..v.."}{(.-)}"
malvalue=string.find(oneline,searchme) --,"%1"
--print("MY LINE: "..oneline)
if malvalue~=nil then 
  --print(malvalue) 
  value=string.gsub(oneline,searchme,"%1")
  --print(value)
  saved[mal][k]=value -- Add their TeX value to my storage...
end --of if malvalue
end --of for k,v

end --of for oneline
--print(mal)

-- A creation of long hash...
for k=1,#saved do
  saved[k][5]=saved[k][1]..saved[k][2]..saved[k][3]..saved[k][4]
  saved[k][6]=0 -- the default value is zero, comment out that extrayear
  --print(saved[k][5])
end

-- The comparison of two citations...
maltemp=1
for k=1,#saved-1 do
  if saved[k][5]==saved[k+1][5] then 
--print("they are equal") -- 1 2, 2 3, 3 4, ... 
saved[k][6]=maltemp
maltemp=maltemp+1
saved[k+1][6]=maltemp
  else 
--print("they are not the same") -- Don't change anything...
maltemp=1 -- just set counter to one
  end -- of if saved
end --of for k

-- For checking purposes only: list me the values...
-- for k=1,#saved do
-- print(saved[k][6])
-- end --of for k

-- Close those two files and open them again read and write mode in reverse...
myfile:close()
mybackup:close()

myfile=io.open(name,"w") -- From reading to writing...
mybackup=io.open(name.."-backup","r") -- From writing to reading...
content=mybackup:lines()

maltemp=0
for oneline in content do
malvalue=string.find(oneline,"\\entry") -- {extrayear} was here
malpercent=string.find(oneline,"%%")

if malvalue~=nil and malpercent==nil then -- Skip me if it is already updated (it occures only when there are multiple runs of mal-fixer.lua)...
  maltemp=maltemp+1 -- n-th occurence in the file

if saved[maltemp][2]..saved[maltemp][3]..saved[maltemp][4]=="" then -- Neither year nor month nor day is stored in the bibliography entry, then do absolutly nothing...
else

if saved[maltemp][6]==0 then -- Does this date stand alone? Yes, it does.
  -- This is an old version changing extrayear field...
  -- oneline=string.gsub(oneline,"(.-)(\\.-)","%1%%%2") -- Comment out this line...
  oneline=oneline.."\n      \\field{userb}{}"
else -- No, it doesn't.
  -- This is an old version...
  -- oneline=string.gsub(oneline,"(.-year}{)(.-)(}.-)","%1"..tostring(saved[maltemp][6]).."%3%%%2") -- Change the value inside the TeX parameter...
  oneline=oneline.."\n      \\field{userb}{"..tostring(saved[maltemp][6]).."}"
end --of saved

end --of saved[maltemp] year+month+day

end --of if malvalue

myfile:write(oneline.."\n")
end --of for oneline (second cycle)
-- print(maltemp)

-- Close those two files again...
myfile:close()
mybackup:close()

-- Send a note to the terminal and exit the code...
local maltextbonus=""
if maltemp>1 then maltextbonus="s" end
print("Mal-fixer has done its assignment with "..tostring(mal).." item"..maltextbonus.."!")
--

Answer 3

我希望有人能给出更好的答案，但同时我只想指出，你可以在年份字段中放入更多内容，而 biber 不会抱怨：

@article{authorA1,
 author={authorA},
 title={blaa},
 year={03.03.2014}
 }

@article{authorA2,
 author={authorA},
 title={blab},
 year={04.03.2014}
 }


@article{authorA3,
 author={authorA},
 title={blac},
 year={04.03.2014}
 }

@article{authorA4,
 author={authorA},
 title={blad},
 year={05.03.2014}
 }