☰

如何在两个笛卡尔坐标之间画一条弧，并将节点放入一个大坐标中？

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf arrows
如何在两个笛卡尔坐标之间画一条弧，并将节点放入一个大坐标中？

我正在努力此图使用 TikZ，但我没能画出弯曲的箭头（参见我在注释行中尝试的操作）。如何在两个笛卡尔坐标之间画一条弧？如何将整个图表放入一个矩形中？我所做的没有奏效……

我想要这样的东西：

\draw [->, radius=r] (x1,y1)  arc (x2,y2);

我尝试了评论中给出的解决方案，但并不满意。

平均能量损失

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
%\usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz,xcolor}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetkzobj{all} 

\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,arrows,positioning,fit,calc,}
\tikzset{
b/.style={draw, rectangle, rounded corners=2ex,minimum height=0.5in, minimum width=2in,align=center},
c/.style={draw, rectangle, rounded corners=2ex, minimum height=0.5in, minimum  width=2in,align=center, rotate=-90},
ar/.style={rounded corners=2ex,->,>=latex },  
myarrow/.style args={#1 colored by #2 and #3}{
    -stealth,line width=#1,#2,postaction={draw,-stealth,#3,line width=(#1)/3,
    shorten <=(#1)/3,shorten >=2*(#1)/3}, 
  }
}

\makeatletter
\newcommand{\gettikzxy}[3]{%
  \tikz@scan@one@point\pgfutil@firstofone#1\relax
  \edef#2{\the\pgf@x}%
  \edef#3{\the\pgf@y}%
}
\makeatother


\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
       \node (client) [b] {Client};
       \node (serveur) [b, left=4 cm of client.west] {Serveur};
       \gettikzxy{(client)}{\axc}{\ayc}
       \draw[thick] (client.south) -- (\axc, \ayc - 300);
       \gettikzxy{(serveur)}{\axs}{\ays}
       \draw[thick] (serveur.south) -- (\axs, \ays - 300);
       \draw [ar] (\axc, \ayc - 100) -- node[above]{\parbox[t]{5cm}{\centering POST \nolinkurl{authentification/}\\username=user\&password=abc123}} (\axs, \ays -100);
       \draw [ar] (\axs, \ays - 150) -- node[above]{\parbox[t]{5cm}{\centering HTTP 200 OK\\ \color{green}{\{Token : "JWT"\}}}} (\axc, \ayc -150);
       \draw [ar] (\axc, \ayc - 200) -- node[above]{\parbox[t]{5cm}{\centering GET \nolinkurl{api/user/id}\\ \color{green}{JWT : Token} }} (\axs, \ays -200);

       \draw [ar] (\axc, \ayc - 250) -- node[below]{\parbox[t]{5cm}{\centering HTTP 200 OK\\ \color{green}{\{name : foo\} }}} (\axs, \ays -250);

       %\draw[->] (\axs,\ays - 200) arc (-120:30:5) ;
       % Draw the arc which center is (2,1)
       %\draw[thick,red] ([shift=(90:1cm)]\axs,\ays-175) arc (90:360:0.9cm);
      % \draw [->] (\axs,\ays-150)  arc (\axs,\ays-200,2.1);
       %\draw [<->] (0:2.1)  arc (0:60:2.1);
       %\draw [->,line width=5pt]  (\axs:-200) arc (\axs:-300);

       %\draw [ar] ([yshift=0.5cm]serveur.south)  -- node[above]{
    %                             \parbox[t]{5cm}{POST authentification/\\username=...\&password=..}} ([yshift=0.5cm]client.south);
       %\draw [ar] ([yshift=-0.5cm]client.south) -- ([yshift=-0.5cm]serveur.north);

\node [rectangle, opacity=0.2, fill=blue, fit=(client)(serveur),]{};
\draw[->, thick] (\axs-3,\ays-150) to[bend left=250] (\axs-3,\ays-200);
  \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

好吧，这是一个建议。它使用了在 TikZ 中绘制由三点定义的圆弧的最简单方法是什么？绘制圆弧。第三个坐标位于两点中间，稍微向左偏移，用作圆弧的中点。修改此偏移会改变圆的半径，尽管偏移当然与半径不同。

我还更改了所有线条和箭头的绘制方式。至于您是否认为这是一种改进，我将留给您自己决定。请注意，您可以为节点定义text width和align，因此无需\parbox在每个节点中添加 。查看新toptext样式。

关于背景填充：该fit库允许您创建一个包含其他节点列表的节点。当您仅将两个顶部节点添加到此列表时，它当然不会覆盖整个图形。我所做的是bottom在其中一条垂直线的末尾添加一个新节点，并将其添加到fit=节点列表中。（您也可以使用节点的锚点current bounding box。）使用backgrounds库，我将填充放在背景上，因此它不会覆盖其他元素。

最后说明：\color{green}是一个开关，它使后面的所有文本都变成绿色。因此， 中的最后一对括号 \color{green}{text}不是必需的，它们不会限制 的效果\color。但是有一个\textcolor命令确实使用了这种语法，\textcolor{green}{green text}。（比较\textcolor{red}{red text} black text \color{red}{red text} still red text。）

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetkzobj{all} 
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,arrows,positioning,fit,calc,backgrounds}

\usepackage{hyperref}

\tikzset{
   b/.style={
       draw,
       rectangle,
       rounded corners=2ex,
       minimum height=0.5in,
       minimum width=2in,
       align=center},
   c/.style={
      draw,
      rectangle,
      rounded corners=2ex,
      minimum height=0.5in,
      minimum width=2in,
      align=center,
      rotate=-90},
   ar/.style={
      rounded corners=2ex,
      ->,
      >=latex},  
   myarrow/.style args={#1 colored by #2 and #3}{
      -stealth,
      line width=#1,
      #2,
      postaction={draw,-stealth,#3,line width=(#1)/3,
      shorten <=(#1)/3,
      shorten >=2*(#1)/3}, 
      },
   toptext/.style={    % <-- New
      above,
      text width=5cm,
      align=center}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} 
\node (client) [b] {Client};
\node (serveur) [b, left=4 cm of client.west] {Serveur};

% draw the vertical lines      
\draw [thick] (serveur.south) -- ++(0,-300pt);
\draw (client.south) -- ++(0,-300pt) coordinate (bottom);

% add a coordinate below serveur for given y-offsets from bottom of serveur
\foreach [count=\i] \y in {-100,-150,-200,-250}
  \path (serveur.south) ++(0,\y pt) coordinate (level \i);

\draw [ar] (level 1 -| client.south) -- node[toptext] {POST \nolinkurl{authentification/}\\username=user\&password=abc123} (level 1);

\draw [ar] (level 2) -- node[toptext] {HTTP 200 OK\\ \textcolor{green}{\{Token : "JWT"\}}} (level 2-| client.south);

\draw [ar] (level 3 -| client.south) -- node[toptext] {GET \nolinkurl{api/user/id}\\ \textcolor{green}{JWT : Token}} (level 3);

\draw [ar] (level 4 -| client.south) -- node[toptext,below] {HTTP 200 OK\\ \textcolor{green}{\{name : foo\}}} (level 4);


% define some coordinates
\coordinate (a) at ($(level 2) + (-3pt,0)$);
\coordinate (b) at ($(level 3) + (-3pt,0)$);
\coordinate (c) at ($(a)!0.5!(b) + (-1cm,0)$);  % modify the -1cm offset here

% Just to show the points used
\foreach \x in {a,b,c}
  \fill[red] (\x) circle[radius=2pt];

% Draw the arc through the points
\tkzCircumCenter(a,b,c)\tkzGetPoint{O}
\tikzset{compass style/.append style={-latex,thick,black}}
\tkzDrawArc(O,a)(b)  

% fill background
\begin{scope}[on background layer]      
  \node [rectangle, opacity=0.2, fill=blue, fit=(client)(serveur)(bottom)]{};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

相关内容