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长桌问题

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长桌问题

我有一张分布在多个页面上的长表，我使用 packagelongtable包对其进行了编码。我的代码示例如下：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{longtable}

\begin{document}

\begin{longtable}{cccccccp{5cm}}   \hline
 Row & GO term & P-value & OR & Exp Count & Count & Size 
 \\  \hline
1 & GO:0009987 & 0.00 & 1.65 & 1811.17 & 2078 & 11765 & cellular process \\ 
2 & GO:0050794 & 0.00 & 1.57 & 648.88 & 857 & 4215 & regulation of cellular process \\ 
3 & GO:0080090 & 0.00 & 1.67 & 376.24 & 536 & 2444 & regulation of primary metabolic process \\ 
4 & GO:0009889 & 0.00 & 1.69 & 344.84 & 497 & 2240 & regulation of biosynthetic process \\ 
5 & GO:0051252 & 0.00 & 1.72 & 308.20 & 453 & 2002 & regulation of RNA metabolic process \\ 
6 & GO:0006355 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent \\ 
7 & GO:2001141 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of RNA biosynthetic process \\ 
8 & GO:0031323 & 0.00 & 1.63 & 378.24 & 531 & 2457 & regulation of cellular metabolic process \\ 
9 & GO:0051171 & 0.00 & 1.66 & 332.52 & 476 & 2160 & regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process \\ 
10 & GO:0019219 & 0.00 & 1.66 & 328.52 & 469 & 2134 & regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process \\ 
   \hline
\end{longtable}
\end{document}

但是，打印出来的表格向右移动了，这让我很烦恼。我该如何解决这个问题？我尝试添加\begin{center}，centering但没有成功。

答案1

表格在 MWE 中并没有“向右移动”。相反，MWE 的表格比 \textwidth（即文本块的宽度）更宽。这使得其内容突出到文本块的右侧。

假设文档的左侧和右侧边距实际上各为 1 英寸（2.54 厘米）宽，则可以使环境longtable（刚好！）适合文本块如果你还可以删除第一列左侧和最后一列右侧的空格，即，如果你指定

\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}

在序言和

\begin{longtable}{@{} *{7}{c} p{5cm} @{}}

对于长桌本身。

但是，使用此设置，列中的文本材料p将完全对齐，由于列宽只有 5 厘米，因此偶尔会出现很大的单词间隙。对于如此窄的列，最好将材料排版为右对齐，而不是完全对齐。因此，我建议您在序言中提供以下命令：

\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{array}     % for "\newcolumntype" macro
\usepackage{ragged2e}  % for "\RaggedRight" macro
\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}

然后将longtable环境设置为：

\begin{longtable}{@{} *{7}{c} P{5cm} @{}}

使用P列类型，您将成功使该列的材料排版不正确，同时仍允许使用连字符。简单的\raggedright宏会禁用连字符；这就是我建议在列类型\RaggedRight的定义中使用的原因P。

以下是实现这些建议的代码的输出。（左右两侧的黑色框线是我设置包showframe的选项后画出来的geometry。）

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[showframe,margin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{ragged2e}
\newcolumntype{P}[1]{>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{longtable}{@{} *{7}{c} P{5cm} @{}}   
\hline
Row & GO term & P-value & OR & Exp Count & Count & Size  \\  
\hline
\endhead
\hline
\endfoot
1 & GO:0009987 & 0.00 & 1.65 & 1811.17 & 2078 & 11765 & cellular process \\ 
2 & GO:0050794 & 0.00 & 1.57 & 648.88 & 857 & 4215 & regulation of cellular process \\ 
3 & GO:0080090 & 0.00 & 1.67 & 376.24 & 536 & 2444 & regulation of primary metabolic process \\ 
4 & GO:0009889 & 0.00 & 1.69 & 344.84 & 497 & 2240 & regulation of biosynthetic process \\ 
5 & GO:0051252 & 0.00 & 1.72 & 308.20 & 453 & 2002 & regulation of RNA metabolic process \\ 
6 & GO:0006355 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent \\ 
7 & GO:2001141 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of RNA biosynthetic process \\ 
8 & GO:0031323 & 0.00 & 1.63 & 378.24 & 531 & 2457 & regulation of cellular metabolic process \\ 
9 & GO:0051171 & 0.00 & 1.66 & 332.52 & 476 & 2160 & regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process \\ 
10 & GO:0019219 & 0.00 & 1.66 & 328.52 & 469 & 2134 & regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process \\ 
\end{longtable}
\end{document}

答案2

基于 的解决方案tabularx。我还使用array包，因为它的*{n}{}和>{…}构造可以节省输入，并booktabs改善表格的外观。该siunitx包用于对齐数字列。最后，我实现了行编号和GO:标签的自动化。

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
 \usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{array, booktabs, siunitx}
\sisetup{table-number-alignment = center, parse-numbers = false}

\usepackage{ltablex}
\usepackage{ragged2e} 
\renewcommand{\tabularxcolumn}[1]{>{\RaggedRight\small\arraybackslash}m{#1}}

\newcounter{rowcnt}

\begin{document}
\mbox{}\vskip 2cm
    \setlength\tabcolsep{3pt}\renewcommand\arraystretch{1.25}\setcounter{rowcnt}{0}
    \begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{>{\refstepcounter{rowcnt}}c >{GO:}cccS[table-format=4.2]S[table-format=4.0]S[table-format=5.0]X}%
    \toprule
     \multicolumn{1}{c}{Row} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{GO term} & P-value & OR & {Exp Count} & {Count} & {Size} \\
     \cmidrule[\lightrulewidth](l{3pt}r){1-8}\addlinespace
    1 & 0009987 & 0.00 & 1.65 & 1811.17 & 2078 & 11765 & cellular process \\
    2 & 0050794 & 0.00 & 1.57 & 648.88 & 857 & 4215 & regulation of cellular process \\
    3 & 0080090 & 0.00 & 1.67 & 376.24 & 536 & 2444 & regulation of primary metabolic process \\
    4 & 0009889 & 0.00 & 1.69 & 344.84 & 497 & 2240 & regulation of biosynthetic process \\
    5 & 0051252 & 0.00 & 1.72 & 308.20 & 453 & 2002 & regulation of RNA metabolic process \\
    6 & 0006355 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent \\
    7 & 2001141 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of RNA biosynthetic process \\
    8 & 0031323 & 0.00 & 1.63 & 378.24 & 531 & 2457 & regulation of cellular metabolic process \\
    9 & 0051171 & 0.00 & 1.66 & 332.52 & 476 & 2160 & regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process \\
    10 & 0019219 & 0.00 & 1.66 & 328.52 & 469 & 2134 & regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process \\
       \bottomrule
    \end{tabularx}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

问题是表格比文本宽度要宽。使用时\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}，您会看到边框：

截屏

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}


\begin{document}

\begin{longtable}{cccccccp{5cm}}   \hline
 Row & GO term & P-value & OR & Exp Count & Count & Size 
 \\  \hline
1 & GO:0009987 & 0.00 & 1.65 & 1811.17 & 2078 & 11765 & cellular process \\ 
2 & GO:0050794 & 0.00 & 1.57 & 648.88 & 857 & 4215 & regulation of cellular process \\ 
3 & GO:0080090 & 0.00 & 1.67 & 376.24 & 536 & 2444 & regulation of primary metabolic process \\ 
4 & GO:0009889 & 0.00 & 1.69 & 344.84 & 497 & 2240 & regulation of biosynthetic process \\ 
5 & GO:0051252 & 0.00 & 1.72 & 308.20 & 453 & 2002 & regulation of RNA metabolic process \\ 
6 & GO:0006355 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent \\ 
7 & GO:2001141 & 0.00 & 1.71 & 306.35 & 449 & 1990 & regulation of RNA biosynthetic process \\ 
   \hline
\end{longtable}

\end{document}

所以你应该

  1. 桌子较小或
  2. 更改页面布局（边距） - 查看所提到的goemetry包。

答案4

正如 Manuel Kuehner 所说，您的桌子比 更宽\textwidth。您可以

  1. \textwidth只需通过\usepackage[cm]{fullpage}或（如上所述）使用即可放大geometry。
  2. 在表格左侧手动添加负空间，如下：
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{longtable}
\begin{document}

\begin{longtable}{cccccccp{5cm}}   \hline
Row & GO term & P-value & OR & Exp Count & Count & Size  \\  \hline
1 & GO:0009987 & 0.00 & 1.65 & 1811.17 & 2078 & 11765 & cellular process
\end{longtable}

\hspace*{-3cm}\begin{minipage}{5cm}\begin{longtable}{cccccccp{5cm}}   \hline
 Row & GO term & P-value & OR & Exp Count & Count & Size  \\  \hline
1 & GO:0009987 & 0.00 & 1.65 & 1811.17 & 2078 & 11765 & cellular process
\end{longtable}\end{minipage}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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