我喜欢利用现有myarticles.bib文件自动创建不同的报告，如下图所示（我使用 tikz 准备了此模板）。
最好的方法是什么？
答案1
我按照以下步骤解决了我的问题。这不是一个明确的tex解决方案，可能不应该在这里，但无论如何它都是有效的。
我尝试使用perltex，发现了一些有趣的错误。
我的解决方案
准备
我准备了一个 perl 脚本，
- 找到所需的参考资料和属于该资料的信息，
- 解析成变量，
- 并创建包含我的 tikz 模板的 bibREF.tex 文件。
Latex 内部
我按照以下步骤让它在乳胶内部运行；
- 我手动调用 perl 脚本来查看每个引用
\immediate\write18{./perl.pl test2013 > scriptoutput.tex}- 我使用以下代码调用 bibREF.tex
\input\input{bibREF}- 每次我想添加新引用时，请执行步骤 3-4
平均能量损失
\documentclass[12pt]{report}
\usepackage{hyperref} %nice to have for link,url, cross-references etc.
\usepackage{xcolor} %brings the colors
\usepackage[mode=buildnew]{standalone} %magical package to call standalone document class, ignoring their preamble
\usepackage[a4paper]{geometry} %margin tricks
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,calc,positioning}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
\newgeometry{left=2cm,bottom=1.5cm,top=1.5cm}
\centering
\immediate\write18{./perl.pl test2013 > scriptoutput.tex}
\input{bibREF}
% \restoregeometry
% \newgeometry{left=2cm,bottom=1.5cm,top=1.5cm}
\centering
\immediate\write18{./perl.pl Wang2013 > scriptoutput.tex}
\input{bibREF}
\restoregeometry
\end{document}
Perl 脚本
（这真的很糟糕，我 24 小时前就开始使用 perl 了）
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
# Strict and warnings are recommended.
use strict;
use warnings;
no warnings "uninitialized"; # Don't warn about unitialized variables#
use Term::ANSIColor; #Some fun
# use 5.010;
# print colored ['bold blue'], "Hey I am a Perl,\n";
# print "I can find all the informations you need for a specific reference from regular";
# print colored ['bold blue'], " bibtex ";
# print "file\n";
my $in = 0; #logical to check am I in a good line or not
my $refPattern='Wang2013'; #which reference I am trying to read
# my $refPattern='test2013';
# my $refPattern='',"$_[0]",''; #which reference I am trying to read
my $filename = 'article.bib'; #bibtex file storing informations
foreach (@ARGV) {
$refPattern = $_;
};
# print "My variable $refPattern\n";
#possible to improve with list or hash, find them with forearch etc. (did not work yet)
my $abstract ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $author ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $doi ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $issn ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $journal ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $keywords ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $localfile ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $note ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $number ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $pages ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $title ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $url ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $volume ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
my $year ; #lesson:perl scope has crazy/sensible way
# my %hash = ( 'abstract','author','journal','keywords','localfile','note','title','url');
my $line; #raw line
my $field; #field name
my $content_temp; #raw content, without trims
my $content ; #content for all fields, with trims
open(my $bibfile, '<:encoding(UTF-8)', $filename)
or die "Could not open file '$filename' $!";
while (<$bibfile>) { #remember perl default variable is in use, $_
$in = 1 if /$refPattern/i;
last if (/^$/ && $in == 1); #break the while on the first following empty line after $refPattern
if ($in == 1) {
$line = $_ if($in);
$field = substr($line, 1, index($line, ' = ')); #it finds bibtex vartype
$field =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g; #trim both ends, may be not necessary, do not know how to check if there are spaces around the $field
print "$field\n";
$line =~ s/^\s*\S+\s*//; #split field and content, field is the first word always
$content_temp = $line;
$content_temp =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g; #trim both ends
$content_temp =~ s/^\s*\S+\s*//; #like split field and content, to delete = on the beginning
$content_temp =~ s/,\z//; #trim last character "," if exist
next if (length($content_temp) < 1); #Check if you really read something
$content = substr($content_temp, 1, -1); #If you know the first and last character are quotes, use it, no need to regec
# print "$content\n";
$abstract = $content if ($field eq 'abstract');
$author = $content if ($field eq 'author');
$doi = $content if ($field eq 'doi');
$issn = $content if ($field eq 'issn');
$journal = $content if ($field eq 'journal');
$keywords = $content if ($field eq 'keywords');
$localfile = $content if ($field eq 'localfile');
$note = $content if ($field eq 'note');
$number = $content if ($field eq 'number');
$pages = $content if ($field eq 'pages');
$title = $content if ($field eq 'title');
$url = $content if ($field eq 'url');
$volume = $content if ($field eq 'volume');
$year = $content if ($field eq 'year');
# print "$title\n";
}
}
# print "$journal\n";
# print "$content\n";
# print "$title\n";
my $filename = 'bibREF.tex';
open(my $fh, '>', $filename) or die "Could not open file '$filename' $!";
print $fh '%HEYY This is generated by perl.pl, do not touch it, if you need changes go to mother file!!! ',"\n";
print $fh '\documentclass[12pt]{standalone} ',"\n";
print $fh '\usepackage{amsmath} ',"\n";
print $fh '\usepackage{amssymb} ',"\n";
print $fh '\usepackage{tikz} ',"\n";
print $fh '\usepackage{gnuplot-lua-tikz} ',"\n";
print $fh '\usepackage[shell]{gnuplottex} ',"\n";
print $fh '\usepackage[]{tcolorbox} ',"\n";
print $fh '\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,calc,positioning} ',"\n";
print $fh '\thispagestyle{empty} ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh '\begin{document} ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh '\begin{tikzpicture}[inner sep=0pt] ',"\n";
print $fh '% block/.style={draw,fill=white,rectangle, minimum width={width("Magnetometer")+2pt},font=\small}, ',"\n";
print $fh '% blockl/.style={draw,fill=white,rectangle, minimum width={400pt},font=\large}] ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styBIBR} = [draw,fill=black!60,minimum height={30pt},rectangle,text width=5.5cm ,text centered,font=\bf,text=white,font=\huge]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styYEAR} = [draw,fill=blue!60,minimum height={20pt},rectangle,text width=5.5cm ,text centered,font=\bf,text=white]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styTITLE} = [draw,,rectangle,minimum height={60pt},text width=11.5cm, ,font=\bf, font=\Large]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styATHR} = [draw,,rectangle,minimum height={30pt},text width=17cm, , font=\large]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styJRNL} = [draw,,minimum height={30pt},rectangle ,text width=5.5cm ,text centered,text=black,font=\small]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styKWRD} = [draw,rectangle,minimum height={30pt},text width=17cm, ,font=\bf, font=\small]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styLCLF} = [draw,rectangle,minimum height={10pt},text width=17cm, text=blue, font=\footnotesize]; %local file ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styURL} = [draw,fill=blue!20,rectangle,minimum height={20pt},text width=11.5cm, ,font=\bf, font=\Large]; %local file ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styNOTES} = [draw,rectangle,minimum height={436pt},text width=17cm,]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styTODO} = [draw,rectangle,minimum height={110pt},text width=17cm]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\tikzstyle{styCTD} = [draw,rectangle,minimum height={90pt},text width=8.5cm]; ',"\n";
print $fh '\draw [draw,use as bounding box] (0cm,0cm) rectangle (17cm, 27cm); ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh '%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ',"\n";
print $fh '%top group ',"\n";
print $fh '%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ',"\n";
print $fh ' \node[styTITLE,left=0pt of current bounding box.north west, ,anchor=north west](nodeTITLE) {',"$title",'}; ',"\n";
print $fh ' \node[styATHR,left=0pt of nodeTITLE.south west, anchor=north west](nodeATHR) {',"$refPattern",'}; ',"\n";
print $fh ' \node[styKWRD,left=0pt of nodeATHR.south, anchor=north](nodeKWRD) {Keywords: ',"$author",'}; ',"\n";
print $fh ' \node[styBIBR,left=0pt of nodeTITLE.north east, anchor=north west] (nodeBIBR) {',"$refPattern",'}; ',"\n";
print $fh '\node[styJRNL,left=0pt of nodeBIBR.south, anchor=north] (nodeJRNL) {',"$journal",'}; ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh '%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ',"\n";
print $fh '%bottom group ',"\n";
print $fh '%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ',"\n";
print $fh '%local file link ',"\n";
print $fh '\node[styLCLF,left=0pt of current bounding box.south west,anchor=south west](nodeLCLF) {localfile link: ',"$refPattern",'}; ',"\n";
print $fh '\node[styCTD,left=0pt of nodeLCLF.north west,anchor=south west](nodeCTD) {\textbf{Cited:} ',"$refPattern",' }; ',"\n";
print $fh '\node[styCTD,left=0pt of nodeLCLF.north east,anchor=south east](nodeCTDBY) {\textbf{Cited by:} ',"$refPattern",'}; ',"\n";
print $fh '\node[styTODO,left=0pt of nodeCTD.north west,anchor=south west](nodeCTD) {\textbf{TODO:} ',"$refPattern",' }; ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh '%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ',"\n";
print $fh '%mid group ',"\n";
print $fh '%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ',"\n";
print $fh ' \node[styNOTES,below=0.pt of nodeKWRD](NOTES) {NOTES:}; ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh '\end{tikzpicture} ',"\n";
print $fh ' ',"\n";
print $fh '\end{document} ',"\n";
close $fh;
print "done\n";