我最近回顾了这个问题，试图制作一个分部积分表：
我尝试使用其中的代码示例，但 LaTeX 给出了 tikz 箭头的渲染错误（我不知道是什么问题，所以我完全删除了 tikz 代码）；但是，当我仅使用表格时，它不会出现这种情况。我的代码如下：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[fleqn]{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[usenames,dvipsnames]{color}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{cancel}
\usepackage{easylist}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{xparse}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{framed}
\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\usepackage[fleqn]{amsmath}
\usepackage{framed,varwidth}
\usepackage{enumitem, color, amssymb}
\providecommand{\e}[1]{\ensuremath{\times 10^{#1}}}
\begin{document}
1. $\displaystyle{\int x^6\cdot e^x dx}$ \\
\newline
Make a table of u and its derivatives \& dv and its integrals...
\[\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{array}{c @{\hspace*{1.0cm}} c}\toprule
D & I \\\cmidrule{1-2}
x^6\tikzmark{Left 1} & \tikzmark{Right 1}e^x \\
6x^5\tikzmark{Left 2} & \tikzmark{Right 2}e^x \\
30x^4 \tikzmark{Left 3} & \tikzmark{Right 3}e^x \\
120x^3 \tikzmark{Left 4} & \tikzmark{Right 4}e^x \\
360x^2 \tikzmark{Left 5} & \tikzmark{Right 5} e^x \\
720x \tikzmark{Left 6} & \tikzmark{Right 6} e^x \\
720 \tikzmark{Left 7} & \tikzmark{Right 7} e^x \\
0 \tikzmark{Left 8} & \tikzmark{Right 8} e^x \\\bottomline
\end{array}
\]
\DrawArrow{Left 1}{Right 2}{$+$}
\DrawArrow{Left 2}{Right 3}{$-$}
\DrawArrow{Left 3}{Right 4}{$+$}
\DrawArrow{Left 4}{Right 5}{$-$}
\DrawArrow{Left 5}{Right 6}{$+$}
\DrawArrow{Left 6}{Right 7}{$-$}
\DrawArrow{Left 7}{Right 8}{$+$}
\end{document}
除了我链接的帖子之外，还有什么其他方法可以制作箭头和加号或减号吗？
答案1
这是您的代码的更正版本：
变化：
- 包含了链接问题所需的和相关的宏，并消除了不必要的包
\tikzmark。\DrawArrow - 用来
enumerate对其进行编号——假设可能还有更多。 - 在调用后添加尾随的%
\DrawArrow。 - 用来
\dots代替...。 - 替换
\bottomrule为\bottomline。
参考：
代码：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{xparse}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\tikzset{Arrow Style/.style={text=black, font=\boldmath}}
\newcommand{\tikzmark}[1]{%
\tikz[overlay, remember picture, baseline] \node (#1) {};%
}
\newcommand*{\XShift}{0.5em}
\newcommand*{\YShift}{0.5ex}
\NewDocumentCommand{\DrawArrow}{s O{} m m m}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\draw[->, thick, Arrow Style, #2]
($(#3.west)+(\XShift,\YShift)$) --
($(#4.east)+(-\XShift,\YShift)$)
node [midway,above] {#5};
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $\displaystyle{\int x^6\cdot e^x dx}$
Make a table of $u$ and its derivatives \& $\mathrm{d}v$ and its integrals\dots
\[\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{array}{c @{\hspace*{1.0cm}} c}\toprule
D & I \\\cmidrule(lr){1-2}
x^6 \tikzmark{Left 1} & \tikzmark{Right 1} e^x \\
6x^5 \tikzmark{Left 2} & \tikzmark{Right 2} e^x \\
30x^4 \tikzmark{Left 3} & \tikzmark{Right 3} e^x \\
120x^3 \tikzmark{Left 4} & \tikzmark{Right 4} e^x \\
360x^2 \tikzmark{Left 5} & \tikzmark{Right 5} e^x \\
720x \tikzmark{Left 6} & \tikzmark{Right 6} e^x \\
720 \tikzmark{Left 7} & \tikzmark{Right 7} e^x \\
0 \tikzmark{Left 8} & \tikzmark{Right 8} e^x \\\bottomrule
\end{array}%
\]
% --------
\DrawArrow{Left 1}{Right 2}{$+$}% <-- Don't forget there.
\DrawArrow{Left 2}{Right 3}{$-$}%
\DrawArrow{Left 3}{Right 4}{$+$}%
\DrawArrow{Left 4}{Right 5}{$-$}%
\DrawArrow{Left 5}{Right 6}{$+$}%
\DrawArrow{Left 6}{Right 7}{$-$}%
\DrawArrow{Left 7}{Right 8}{$+$}%
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}
答案2
使用{NiceArray}和nicematrixTikz。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\[\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{NiceArray}{@{\hspace{1em}}c @{\hspace*{1.0cm}}c@{\hspace{1em}}}[create-medium-nodes]
\toprule
D & I \\
\cmidrule(lr){1-2}
x^6 & e^x \\
6x^5 & e^x \\
30x^4 & e^x \\
120x^3 & e^x \\
360x^2 & e^x \\
720x & e^x \\
720 & e^x \\
0 & e^x \\\bottomrule
\CodeAfter
\begin{tikzpicture} [name suffix = -medium, ->, shorten > = 2pt,every node/.style={above}]
\draw (2-1.south east) to node {$+$} (3-2.west) ;
\draw (3-1.south east) to node {$-$} (4-2.west) ;
\draw (4-1.south east) to node {$+$} (5-2.west) ;
\draw (5-1.south east) to node {$-$} (6-2.west) ;
\draw (6-1.south east) to node {$+$} (7-2.west) ;
\draw (7-1.south east) to node {$-$} (8-2.west) ;
\draw (8-1.south east) to node {$+$} (9-2.west) ;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{NiceArray}
\]
\end{document}
您需要多次编译（因为 PGF/Tikz 节点）。
