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通过宏包含的 endfloat 和数字浮点数之间的冲突

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通过宏包含的 endfloat 和数字浮点数之间的冲突

我用来\newcommand快速包含数字。但与 结合使用时endfloat，它会引发错误。当以这种方式包含时，有什么想法如何将浮点数发送到结尾？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
%\usepackage{endfloat}  % this causes an error

\newcommand{\addfig}[1]{ 
\begin{figure}[htbp]  % when float environment is included here
\centering 
  \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{#1}  
\end{figure} 
} 

\begin{document}
\addfig{fig1}
\end{document}

答案1

尽管据我所知，您无法配置endfloat以正确识别命令\addfig，但您可以对其进行配置以识别其他浮动环境，例如addfig。

例如：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\newenvironment{addfig}[1]{%
\begin{figure}
\centering
  \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{#1}
}{\end{figure}}
\usepackage{endfloat}
\DeclareDelayedFloatFlavor{addfig}{figure}

\begin{document}
\begin{addfig}{example-image-a}
\end{addfig}
\end{document}

延迟自定义浮点类型

答案2

这里有一种方法，将命令形式中使用的每个图形写入\addfig[<opts>]{<image>}文件tmpfig.tex，然后立即读取该文件：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx,newfile,endfloat}

\newoutputstream{tmpimg}

\newcommand{\addfig}[2][width=\textwidth]{%
  \openoutputfile{tmpfig.tex}{tmpimg}% Open tmpfig.tex for (over)writing
  % Add figure environment...
  \addtostream{tmpimg}{\protect\begin{figure}[htbp]}
  \addtostream{tmpimg}{\protect\centering}
  \addtostream{tmpimg}{\protect\includegraphics[#1]{#2}}
  \addtostream{tmpimg}{\protect\end{figure}}
  \closeoutputstream{tmpimg}% Close tmpfig.tex
  \input{tmpfig}% Input tmpfig.tex
}

\begin{document}

Some text.

\begin{figure}[htbp]  % when float environment is included here
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{example-image-a}
\end{figure} 

\addfig{example-image-b}

\addfig[width=.5\textwidth]{example-image-c}

\end{document}

答案3

最后但同样重要的一点是，解决方案是endfloat尽可能少地修补软件包：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{mwe}

\newcommand{\addfig}[1]{%
\begin{figure}[htbp]  % when float environment is included here
\centering 
  \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{#1}  
\end{figure} 
} 

\usepackage{endfloat}[2011/12/25] % we need at least v2.5d
\usepackage{etoolbox}

% Adapt \addfig to the endfloat package
% First of all we make \addfig known to the endfloat package as variant of the figure environment
\DeclareDelayedFloatFlavour{addfig}{figure}
\makeatletter
% Special variant of \efloat@xfloat for commands (instead of environments):
% This macro will be expanded with every line read until \efloat@found@end is used.
% The original version tests if #2 (the actual line read) is "\end{}",
% and uses \efloat@iwrite in case of no and \efloat@found@end in case of yes.
% Our version just writes the line (containing the command and the rest of the line)
% using \efloat@iwrite and finishes the verbatim reading using \efloat@found@end afterwards.
{\catcode`\^^M=12 \endlinechar=-1 %
 \long\gdef\my@efloat@xfloat#1#2^^M{%
  \efloat@iwrite{#1}{#2}% write 1st line (containing the command)...
  \efloat@found@end{#1}%  ...and end verbatim reading afterwards
  \next}}              %  process next line
% Since \addfig is a command and not an environment we need to start a group for our own
% using \begingroup, so it behaves like we would have written \begin{addfig}.
% (Note: The endfloat package is designed to work with environments, not with commands.)
% Additionally we patch \efloat@xfloat to use our own variant of it for this command.
\pretocmd\addfig{%
  \begingroup
  \let\efloat@xfloat\my@efloat@xfloat}{}{}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
\addfig{example-image}
\end{document}

但这个解决方案有两个注意事项：

  1. 使用该命令后，在同一行中写入的所有内容也将写入包含浮动环境的文件中。因此，不可能\addfig{example-image} Some text...在一行中写入，否则“某些文本...”也会被延迟。

  2. 命令及其参数必须写在同一行。因此，无法将其用法拆分为多行，例如\addfig{%第一行和example-image}第二行。

总的来说，我们在这里使用了三个内部命令\efloat@xfloat、\efloat@iwrite和\efloat@float@end。

补遗 2018-03-25

从 endfloat v2.6 开始，事情变得简单一些，因为测试“这是环境的最后一行吗”现在可以用了\efloat@if@end，所以这是我们需要修补的唯一内部命令：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{mwe}

\newcommand{\addfig}[1]{%
\begin{figure}[htbp]  % when float environment is included here
\centering
  \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{#1}
\end{figure}
}

\usepackage{endfloat}[2018/01/01] % we need at least v2.6
\usepackage{etoolbox}

% Adapt \addfig to the endfloat package
% First of all we make \addfig known to the endfloat package as variant of the figure environment
\DeclareDelayedFloatFlavour{addfig}{figure}
\makeatletter
% Since \addfig is a command and not an environment we need to start a group for our own
% using \begingroup, so it behaves like we would have written \begin{addfig}.
% (Note: The endfloat package is designed to work with environments, not with commands.)
% Additionally we patch \efloat@if@end (usually expanding to \@firstoftwo or \@secondoftwo)
% so the very first command line will be written to the file and the verbatim reading will be
% finished afterwards.
\newcommand\my@efloat@if@end[3]{#3#2}
\pretocmd\addfig{%
  \begingroup
  \let\efloat@if@end\my@efloat@if@end}{}{}
\makeatother

\begin{document}
\addfig{example-image}
\end{document}

答案4

这是一个基于的解决方案沃纳的回答但这完全不需要使用endfloat。无论如何，一旦我们将图形写入外部文件，似乎就没有必要了，endfloat因为我们可以直接从文档末尾的文件中读取图形。

它碰巧使用了expl3语法，但这确实是顺便的。expl3在这里并没有给你带来任何特别的东西——它只是一种替代语法。

有一个宏：

\addfig[<options>]{<filename>}{<caption>}

显然，可选参数用于传递给的选项\includegraphics，第二个参数用于图像文件的名称，第三个参数用于标题。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx,xparse,kantlipsum}
\ExplSyntaxOn
\AtBeginDocument
{
  \iow_new:N \l_strongbad_addfigs_stream
  \iow_open:Nn \l_strongbad_addfigs_stream { \jobname.addfigs }
}
\AtEndDocument
{
  \iow_close:N \l_strongbad_addfigs_stream
  \listoffigures
  \file_input:n { \jobname.addfigs }
}
\cs_new_protected:Nn \strongbad_addfig:nnn
{
  \group_begin:
  \str_set:Nn \l_tmpa_str { \setcounter{figure} }
  \str_put_right:Nx \l_tmpa_str { \c_left_brace_str }
  \str_put_right:Nx \l_tmpa_str { \thefigure }
  \str_put_right:Nx \l_tmpa_str { \c_right_brace_str }
  \iow_now:Nx \l_strongbad_addfigs_stream { \l_tmpa_str }
  \iow_now:Nn \l_strongbad_addfigs_stream
  {
    \begin{ figure }
      \centering
      \includegraphics [ #1 ] { #2 }
      \caption { #3 }
    \end{ figure }
  }
  \stepcounter{figure}
  \skip_vertical:N \bigskipamount
  \centering
  [~\figurename{}~\thefigure{}~about~here~]
  \skip_vertical:N \bigskipamount
  \group_end:
}
\NewDocumentCommand \addfig { O {} m +m }
{
  \strongbad_addfig:nnn { #1 } { #2 } { #3 }
}
\ExplSyntaxOff
\begin{document}
\kant[1]
\addfig{example-image-a}{first end figure}
\kant[2]
\addfig  {example-image-b}{second end figure}
\kant[3]
\addfig [width=.25\textwidth] {tiger} {third end figure}
\kant[4-5]
\end{document}

浮动至末尾，无需 <code>endfloat</code>

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