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创建节点后为其着色

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创建节点后为其着色

我想用特定颜色填充节点，但不是用通常的[fill=blue]方式。原因是，我正在创建许多节点，并且我想用与其他节点不同的颜色填充一些随机节点，因此着色不能嵌入到创建过程中。有什么想法吗？

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,trees,positioning,arrows,chains,shapes.geometric,%
decorations.pathreplacing,decorations.pathmorphing,shapes,%
matrix,shapes.symbols}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[darkstyle/.style={circle,draw,fill=gray!20,minimum size=20}]


  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,2} 
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};} 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,1}  
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;


\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south); 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,3} 
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (10+1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};} 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,2}  
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south); 



  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,4} 
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (3+1.5*\x,-10+1.5*\y) {};} 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,3}  
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;



\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

假设我们想用蓝色填充最左上角的节点和最右下角的节点。

答案1

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,trees,positioning,arrows,chains,shapes.geometric,%
decorations.pathreplacing,decorations.pathmorphing,shapes,%
matrix,shapes.symbols}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
darkstyle/.style={circle,draw,fill=gray!20,minimum size=20},
bluestyle/.style={circle,draw,fill=blue!20,minimum size=20},
]


  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,2} 
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
\ifnum\x=\ifnum\y=2 0\else-1\fi
       \node [bluestyle]  (\x\y) at (1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};
\else
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};
\fi
       } 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,1}  
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;


\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south); 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,3} 
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (10+1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};} 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,2}  
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south); 



  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,4} 
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
\ifnum\x=\ifnum\y=0 5\else-1\fi
       \node [bluestyle]  (\x\y) at (3+1.5*\x,-10+1.5*\y) {};
\else
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (3+1.5*\x,-10+1.5*\y) {};
\fi

} 

  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,3}  
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;



\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案2

在您的问题中，您说您想填充随机节点。如果您想要真正随机的选择，您可以执行以下随机darkstyle样式：

\documentclass[tikz, border=7pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,trees,positioning,arrows,chains,shapes.geometric,%
decorations.pathreplacing,decorations.pathmorphing,shapes,%
matrix,shapes.symbols}
\tikzset{
  % ----- the static part of the style
  darkstyle/.style={
    circle,minimum size=20,draw
  },
  % ----- the random part of the style
  darkstyle/.append code = {
    \pgfmathsetmacro\randcolor{{"red!50","blue!35"}[int(2*random())]}
    \pgfkeysalso{fill=\randcolor}
  }
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,2}
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,1}
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south);

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,3}
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (10+1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,2}
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south);

  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,4}
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle]  (\x\y) at (3+1.5*\x,-10+1.5*\y) {};}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,3}
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

编辑：如果您真的不想要随机选择，您可以规定一些节点具有不同的颜色，如下所示：

\documentclass[tikz, border=7pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,trees,positioning,arrows,chains,shapes.geometric,%
decorations.pathreplacing,decorations.pathmorphing,shapes,%
matrix,shapes.symbols}
\tikzset{
  % ----- the static part of the style
  darkstyle/.style={
    circle,minimum size=20,draw, fill = blue!35
  },
  % ----- the prescribed part pf the style
  mycolor/.style = {fill=red!35},
  mycolorA12/.style = {mycolor},
  mycolorA20/.style = {mycolor},
  mycolorB11/.style = {mycolor},
  mycolorC54/.style = {mycolor},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,2}
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle,mycolorA\x\y/.try]  (\x\y) at (1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,1}
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south);

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,3}
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle,mycolorB\x\y/.try]  (\x\y) at (10+1.5*\x,1.5*\y) {};}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,2}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,2}
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,amplitude=7pt,raise=2pt,aspect=0.5}] (20.south) -- (00.south);

  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y in {0,...,4}
       {\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\label}{\x - 5 *  \y +21}
       \node [darkstyle,mycolorC\x\y/.try]  (\x\y) at (3+1.5*\x,-10+1.5*\y) {};}

  \foreach \x in {0,...,5}
    \foreach \y [count=\yi] in {0,...,3}
      \draw (\x\y)--(\x\yi)  ;

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

首先，考虑一个更简单的例子（直接适用于原始示例的例子），以便未来的人们实际上能够理解和适应答案：

  • (node1)分别(node2)绘制为圆形和矩形，
  • 我们试图将前者重新染成蓝色。

我不知道是否可以重新着色，但如果您还没有在 上绘制其他东西(node1)，那么在 上面绘制一个蓝色节点(node1)可能会对您有用：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[darkstyle/.style={circle,draw,fill=gray!20,minimum size=20}]

    \node [darkstyle] (node1) at (2,1) {};
    \node [darkstyle, rectangle] (node2) at (4,2) {};

    % What to write here to change the color of (node1) to blue?
    % A workaround:
    \node [darkstyle, fill=blue!30] at (node1) {};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出：

无文本的节点

如果您的旧节点中也有一些文本，那么它也需要是覆盖节点的标签。这些可以是硬编码的，也可以存储在宏中并调用。让我们用(node2)这个时间来做：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

% Thanks to: https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/175707/69346
\newcommand\storelabel[2]{\expandafter\xdef\csname label#1\endcsname{#2}}
\newcommand\getlabel[1]{\csname label#1\endcsname}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[darkstyle/.style={circle,draw,fill=gray!20,minimum size=20}]

    \node [darkstyle] (node1) at (2,1) {\storelabel{node1}{5.7}\getlabel{node1}};
    \node [darkstyle, rectangle] (node2) at (4,2) {\storelabel{node2}{9000.1}\getlabel{node2}};

    % What to write here to change the color of (node2) to blue?
    % A workaround (note the "rectangle" in the options):
    \node [darkstyle, rectangle, fill=blue!30] at (node2) {\getlabel{node2}};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出：

带有文本的节点

答案迟了 5 年，因为其他人完全忽略了原始请求中的“创建后”部分。我提醒您，这个方法也不会重新着色已绘制的节点，因此存在缺点，并且不适用于所有人。但是，这里提供的解决方法至少在创建后会按照要求做一些事情。

我想说，这个问题即使在此之后仍然需要一个答案。

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