你好，我希望有人能帮助我。我想在最后两个框“Prinzip”和“Verstellbarkeit”中添加箭头，就像其他框中的箭头一样。这是我的 Tex-Code：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
%%%<
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage[active,tightpage]{preview}
\PreviewEnvironment{tikzpicture}
\setlength\PreviewBorder{10pt}%
%%%>
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} % Schrit auf Helvetica (serifenlos)
\usepackage[scaled]{helvet}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{color}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes,positioning,shadows,trees}
\tikzset{
basic/.style = {draw, text width=4cm, drop shadow, font=\sffamily, rectangle},
root/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin, align=center,
fill=red!70},
level 2/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin,align=center, fill=red!50,
text width=8em},
level 3/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin, align=left, fill=green!50,
text width=6.5em},
level 4/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin, align=left, fill=green!30,
text width=6.5em},
}
\begin{document}
\Large
\begin{tikzpicture}[
level 1/.style={sibling distance=45mm},
edge from parent/.style={->,draw},
>=latex]
% root of the the initial tree, level 1
\node[root] {$ $ \\ \textbf{Fassadenrinne} \\ $ $}
% The first level, as children of the initial tree
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c1) {H\"ohenverstellung}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c2) {Anpassung der Rinnen-Nennweite}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c3) {Anpassung der Rinnen-Baulänge / Eckverbindungen}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c4) {statische Last (nach DIN EN 1253)}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c5) {Axiale Last}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c6) {Stichkanal-Anschluss}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c7) {Rinnenk\"orper-Verbindung}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c8) {Stirnwand}};
% THE SECOND LVL, relatively positioned nodes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%1.
\begin{scope}[every node/.style={level 3}]
\node [below of = c1, node distance=60pt, xshift=22pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c11) {Typ};
\node [below of = c11, node distance=30pt, text width=3.3cm] (c12) {Bedienung};
\node [below of = c12, node distance=39pt, text width=3.3cm] (c13) {Positionierung \\ (allgemein)};
\node [below of = c13, node distance=65pt, text width=3.3cm] (c14) {Positionierung (entlang Rinnen-L\"angs\-achse};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%2.
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%3.
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%4.
\node [below of = c4, node distance=41pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c41) {Aufweiten des Rinnenk\"orpers};
\node [below of = c41, text width=3.3cm, node distance=48pt] (c42) {Biegebelastung der Zarge};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%5.
\node [below of = c5, node distance=60pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c51) {Querkraft auf H\"ohenverstell\-ung};
\node [below of = c51, node distance=57pt, text width=3.3cm] (c52) {Anbindung: \\ Zarge-Rost};
\node [below of = c52, node distance=57pt, text width=3.3cm] (c53) {Anbindung: \\ Zarge-Rinnen\"orper};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%6.
\node [below of = c6, node distance=51pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c61) {Typ};
\node [below of = c61, node distance=30pt, text width=3.3cm] (c62) {Anbindung};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%8.
\node [below of = c8, node distance=60pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c81) {H\"ohenverstellung};
\node [below of = c81, node distance=30pt, text width=3.3cm] (c82) {Anbindung};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\end{scope}
% THE THIRD LVL, relatively positioned nodes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{scope}[every node/.style={level 4}]
\node [below of = c14, node distance=50pt, xshift=22pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c111) {Prinzip};
\node [below of = c111, node distance=29pt, text width=3.3cm] (c112) {Verstellbarkeit};
\end{scope}
% lines from each level 1 node to every one of its "children"
\foreach \value in {1,2,3,4}
\draw[->] (c1.194pt) |- (c1\value.west);
%\foreach \value in {1,...,4}
%\draw[->] (c2.195) |- (c2\value.west);
%\foreach \value in {1,...,4}
%\draw[->] (c3.195) |- (c3\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2}
\draw[->] (c4.208) |- (c4\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2,3}
\draw[->] (c5.190) |- (c5\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2}
\draw[->] (c6.199) |- (c6\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2}
\draw[->] (c8.190) |- (c8\value.west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
这个答案包含 2 个解决方案。第一个是请求的修改。第二个演示了如何使用强大的forest包绘制树，这也是我自己可能会做的事情。
解决方案 1（修改示例）
这是一个简单的修改，仅添加了我认为您想要的 2 个箭头：
\documentclass[tikz,border=10pt]{standalone}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} % Schrit auf Helvetica (serifenlos)
\usepackage[scaled]{helvet}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes,positioning,shadows,trees}
\tikzset{
basic/.style = {draw, text width=4cm, drop shadow, font=\sffamily, rectangle},
root/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin, align=center,
fill=red!70},
level 2/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin,align=center, fill=red!50,
text width=8em},
level 3/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin, align=left, fill=green!50,
text width=6.5em},
level 4/.style = {basic, rounded corners=2pt, thin, align=left, fill=green!30,
text width=6.5em},
}
\begin{document}
\Large
\begin{tikzpicture}[
level 1/.style={sibling distance=45mm},
edge from parent/.style={->,draw},
>=latex]
% root of the the initial tree, level 1
\node[root] {$ $ \\ \textbf{Fassadenrinne} \\ $ $}
% The first level, as children of the initial tree
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c1) {H\"ohenverstellung}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c2) {Anpassung der Rinnen-Nennweite}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c3) {Anpassung der Rinnen-Baulänge / Eckverbindungen}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c4) {statische Last (nach DIN EN 1253)}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c5) {Axiale Last}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c6) {Stichkanal-Anschluss}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c7) {Rinnenk\"orper-Verbindung}}
child {node[level 2, below = 6cm, text width=3.8cm] (c8) {Stirnwand}};
% THE SECOND LVL, relatively positioned nodes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%1.
\begin{scope}[every node/.style={level 3}]
\node [below of = c1, node distance=60pt, xshift=22pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c11) {Typ};
\node [below of = c11, node distance=30pt, text width=3.3cm] (c12) {Bedienung};
\node [below of = c12, node distance=39pt, text width=3.3cm] (c13) {Positionierung \\ (allgemein)};
\node [below of = c13, node distance=65pt, text width=3.3cm] (c14) {Positionierung (entlang Rinnen-L\"angs\-achse};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%2.
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%3.
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%4.
\node [below of = c4, node distance=41pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c41) {Aufweiten des Rinnenk\"orpers};
\node [below of = c41, text width=3.3cm, node distance=48pt] (c42) {Biegebelastung der Zarge};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%5.
\node [below of = c5, node distance=60pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c51) {Querkraft auf H\"ohenverstell\-ung};
\node [below of = c51, node distance=57pt, text width=3.3cm] (c52) {Anbindung: \\ Zarge-Rost};
\node [below of = c52, node distance=57pt, text width=3.3cm] (c53) {Anbindung: \\ Zarge-Rinnen\"orper};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%6.
\node [below of = c6, node distance=51pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c61) {Typ};
\node [below of = c61, node distance=30pt, text width=3.3cm] (c62) {Anbindung};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%8.
\node [below of = c8, node distance=60pt, xshift=13pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c81) {H\"ohenverstellung};
\node [below of = c81, node distance=30pt, text width=3.3cm] (c82) {Anbindung};
%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\end{scope}
% THE THIRD LVL, relatively positioned nodes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{scope}[every node/.style={level 4}]
\node [below of = c14, node distance=50pt, xshift=22pt, below = 0.1cm, text width=3.3cm] (c111) {Prinzip};
\node [below of = c111, node distance=29pt, text width=3.3cm] (c112) {Verstellbarkeit};
\end{scope}
% lines from each level 1 node to every one of its "children"
\foreach \value in {1,2,3,4}
\draw[->] (c1.194pt) |- (c1\value.west);
%\foreach \value in {1,...,4}
%\draw[->] (c2.195) |- (c2\value.west);
%\foreach \value in {1,...,4}
%\draw[->] (c3.195) |- (c3\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2}
\draw[->] (c4.208) |- (c4\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2,3}
\draw[->] (c5.190) |- (c5\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2}
\draw[->] (c6.199) |- (c6\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2}
\draw[->] (c8.190) |- (c8\value.west);
\foreach \value in {1,2}
\draw [->] (c14.south west) +(5pt,0) |- (c11\value.west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
解决方案 2（forest）
这是一个使用的解决方案forest：
\documentclass[tikz,border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
\usepackage[scaled]{helvet}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{forest}
\standaloneenv{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows}
\forestset{
my tier/.style={% align all nodes on a given level
tier/.wrap pgfmath arg={level##1}{level()},
},
my shift/.style={
before computing xy={
s={s()+10pt},
},
},
paler green offspring/.style={
tier=this tier,
for descendants={
fill=green!30,
edge path={
\noexpand\path [draw, ->, \forestoption{edge}] (!to tier=this tier.parent anchor) +(5pt,0) |- (.child anchor)\forestoption{edge label};
},
},
}
}
\begin{document}
\Large
\begin{forest}
for tree={
draw,
drop shadow,
rectangle,
rounded corners=2pt,
thin,
if level=0{
font=\bfseries\sffamily,
fill=red!70,
align=center,
l sep+=20pt,
}{
font=\sffamily,
if level=1{
fill=red!50,
align=center,
anchor=north,
child anchor=north,
parent anchor=south west,
edge={->},
my tier,
text centered,
text width=40mm,
}{
if level=2{
my tier,
my shift,
}{},
edge path={
\noexpand\path [draw, ->, \forestoption{edge}] (!to tier=level1.parent anchor) +(5pt,0) |- (.child anchor)\forestoption{edge label};
},
parent anchor=south west,
child anchor=west,
align=left,
anchor=north,
text width=33mm,
fill=green!50,
},
},
}
[Fassadenrinne, name=root
[Höhenverstellung
[Typ
[Bedienung
[Positionierung\\(allgemein)
[Positionierung\\(entlang\\Rinnen-Langs-\\ächse, paler green offspring
[Prinzip, my shift
[Verstellbarkeit
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
[Anpassung\\der Rinnen-\\Nennweite
]
[Anpassung\\der Rinnen-\\Baulänge /\\Eckverbindungen
]
[statische Last\\(nach DIN\\EN 1253)
[Aufweiten des\\Rinnenkörpers
[Biegebelastung\\der Zarge
]
]
]
[Axiale Last
[Querkraft auf\\Höhenverstell-\\ung
[Anbindung:\\Zarge-Rost
[Anbindung:\\Zarge-\\Rinnenörper
]
]
]
]
[Stichkanal-\\Anschluss
[Typ
[Anbindung
]
]
]
[Rinnenkörper-\\Verbindung
]
[Stirnwand
[Höhenverstell-\\ung
[Anbindung
]
]
]
]
\end{forest}
\end{document}
