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使用 tikz 包水平对齐边缘标签

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tikz-styles tikz-arrows
使用 tikz 包水平对齐边缘标签

我有下图：

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage[active,float]{preview}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{plotmarks,arrows,automata,positioning,fit,shapes.geometric,backgrounds}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\PreviewEnvironment{tikzpicture} 

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[->,>=stealth',shorten >=1pt,auto,node distance=4cm,
  thick,main node/.style={circle,fill=blue!20,draw,font=\sffamily\Large\bfseries}]
  \tikzstyle{every path}=[line width=2pt]
  \node[main node] (1) {$m_0$}; 
  \node[rectangle,fill=gray] (0) [above of=1] {\Large $\textbf{Source}$};
  \node[main node,fill=white,xshift=1.5cm] (3) [below left of=1] {v$_j$};
  \node[main node,fill=white,xshift=-1.5cm] (4) [below right of=1] {v$_k$};
  \node[main node,fill=white,xshift=1.5cm] (2) [left of=3] {v$_i$};
  \node[main node,fill=black,scale=.2] (dot_ij) at ($(2)!0.5!(3)$) {b};
  \node[main node,fill=black,scale=.2] (dot_jk) at ($(3)!0.5!(4)$) {b};  
  \node[main node,fill=white,xshift=-1.5cm] (5) [right of=4] {v$_l$};
  \node[main node,fill=black,scale=.2] (dot_kl) at ($(4)!0.5!(5)$) {b};
  \node[main node] (6) [below of=dot_jk] {$m_1$};
  \node[rectangle,fill=gray] (7) [below of=6] {\Large $\textbf{Sink}$};
  \node[fit=(3) (4),ellipse,fill=red!30,draw=red,fill opacity=0.3,xscale=0.75,yscale=1] {};

  \path[every node/.style={font=\sffamily\Large\bfseries}]
    (0) edge node [right] {$r_0$} (1)
    (1) edge node [below right=-0.8cm and -1cm] {$w_j\theta_d$} (3)
    (1) edge node [above left=0cm and -1cm] {$w_k\theta_d$} (4)    
    (2) edge node [above left=-0.8cm and -0.2cm] {$w_j\theta_a$} (6)
    (3) edge node [left] {$w_k\theta_a$} (6)
    (4) edge node [right] {$w_j\theta_a$} (6)
    (5) edge node [above left=-0.7cm and -1.1cm] {$w_k\theta_k$} (6)
    (6) edge node [left] {$r_1$} (7);
\end{tikzpicture}

我想水平对齐每个标签定义的所有标签。换句话说，我想分别$w_j$与$w_k$和$w_i$、$w_j$、$w_k$水平$w_l$对齐。

答案1

问题出现在这里是因为您的线到路径不仅使用节点的边框来绘制边缘，还使用节点的边框来定位沿该路径的节点。如果您使用.center节点的锚点来定位边缘标签，它们将在同一高度上进行相同的pos操作。

我稍微更改了您的图形设置，例如，我使用positioning库中的键来放置节点。红色椭圆是backgrounds在其background层上使用库绘制的。我还使用该arrows.meta库绘制箭头。

首先，我使用没有节点的边来画线，然后我使用相同的edge命令但带有节点，并to path安装了自动使用.center节点的特殊命令：

{ [<-, shorten <=+1pt] % without nodes
  (m_1) edge (v_i) edge (v_j) edge (v_k) edge (v_l)}
{ [every edge/.append style={draw=none, % now with nodes
    to path={(\tikztostart.center) -- (\tikztotarget.center) \tikztonodes}}]
  (m_1) edge node[left=5pt]  {$w_j\theta_a$} (v_i)
        edge node[left]      {$w_k\theta_a$} (v_j)
        edge node[right]     {$w_j\theta_a$} (v_k)
        edge node[right=5pt] {$w_k\theta_k$} (v_l)}     ;

代码

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,positioning,fit,shapes.geometric,backgrounds}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  >={Stealth[round]}, thick, node distance=3cm and 1cm,
  main node/.style={circle,fill=blue!20,draw,font=\sffamily\Large\bfseries},
  dot/.style={circle, fill, inner sep=+0pt, minimum size=+.2cm, node contents=},
  rect node/.style={rectangle, fill=gray, outer sep=+0pt},
  every path/.style={line width=2pt}]
  \node[main node] (m_0) {$m_0$}; 
  \node[rect node, above=of m_0] (Source) {\Large\bfseries Source};

  \node (dot_jk) [dot, below=of m_0];

  \node[main node, left=of dot_jk] (v_j) {$\mathbf{v}_j$};
  \node (dot_ij) [dot, left=of v_j];
  \node[main node, left=of dot_ij] (v_i) {$\mathbf{v}_i$};

  \node[main node, right=of dot_jk] (v_k) {$\mathbf{v}_k$};
  \node (dot_kl) [dot, right=of v_k];
  \node[main node, fill=none, right=of dot_kl] (v_l) {$\mathbf{v}_l$};

  \node[main node, below=of dot_jk] (m_1) {$m_1$};
  \node[rect node, below=of m_1] (Sink) {\Large\bfseries Sink};
  \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
    \node[fit=(v_j)(v_k), ellipse, fill=red!30, draw=red, xscale=0.75] {};
  \end{pgfonlayer}

  \path[nodes={font=\Large}] {[shorten >=+1pt, ->, auto]
    (Source) edge node {$r_0$}         (m_0)
    (m_0) edge node['] {$w_j\theta_d$} (v_j)% ' = swap
          edge node    {$w_k\theta_d$} (v_k)
    (m_1) edge node    {$r_1$}         (Sink) }
    { [<-, shorten <=+1pt]
      (m_1) edge (v_i) edge (v_j) edge (v_k) edge (v_l)}
    { [every edge/.append style={draw=none,
        to path={(\tikztostart.center) -- (\tikztotarget.center) \tikztonodes}}]
      (m_1) edge node[left=5pt]  {$w_j\theta_a$} (v_i)
            edge node[left]      {$w_k\theta_a$} (v_j)
            edge node[right]     {$w_j\theta_a$} (v_k)
            edge node[right=5pt] {$w_k\theta_k$} (v_l)}     ;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出

在此处输入图片描述

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