平衡包含图片的双列文档中的线条

Question

如何平衡包含two-column图形的文档中的行？换句话说 - 如何设置带标题的图形的垂直边距，以便图形后的行与下一列（右列或左列）中的行相对应？

我在一份two-column文档中排版了字典条目，包括放置在条目下方或页面顶部的照片（每列最多 1 张照片）。如果页面的每一列都有一个图片（放置在条目正下方），则两列中的线条对应。如果有两张照片（其中一张放置在顶部），则线条不对应。如果只有一列中有照片，则线条不对应。即使每列顶部都有一个图片，线条也不对应。

梅威瑟：

\documentclass[8pt,c5paper,twocolumn]{extbook}
\usepackage[paper=c5paper, top=1.5cm, headsep=0.4cm, bottom=1.5cm, left=1cm, right=1cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage[icelandic, latin, czech]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tgpagella}
\usepackage[scaled=0.90]{helvet} % ss
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{hanging}

% example text and images
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{mwe}
\usepackage{color}
% float control
% Alter some LaTeX defaults for better treatment of figures:
% See p.105 of "TeX Unbound" for suggested values. 
% See pp. 199-200 of Lamport's "LaTeX" book for details.
%   General parameters, for ALL pages:
\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.9}    % max fraction of floats at top
\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.8} % max fraction of floats at bottom
%   Parameters for TEXT pages (not float pages):
\setcounter{topnumber}{1}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{1}     % 2 may work better
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}    % for 2-column pages
\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{0.9} % fit big float above 2-col. text
\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.07}  % allow minimal text w. figs
%   Parameters for FLOAT pages (not text pages):
\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.7}  % require fuller float pages
% N.B.: floatpagefraction MUST be less than topfraction !!
\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{0.7}   % require fuller float pages
% remember to use [htp] or [htpb] for placement

\makeatletter
\setlength{\@fptop}{0pt}
\setlength{\@fpbot}{0pt plus 1fil}
\makeatother


%COMMANDS
\newcommand\entry[3][]{\hangpara{1em}{1}{\fontfamily{phv}\selectfont{\textbf{{#2}}}}\ 
    #3\ifx\relax#1\relax\markboth{#2}{#2}\else\markboth{#1}{#1}\fi
    \par}\nopagebreak[4]


%FANCY PAGE STYLES
\pagestyle{fancy}

% DICTIONARY PAGE STYLE
\fancypagestyle{dictstyle}{%
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt}
  \fancyhf{}
  \fancyhead[LE,LO]{{\fontfamily{phv}\selectfont{\textbf{\rightmark}}}}
  \fancyhead[CO,CE]{\thepage}%the page numbers will be printed when the dictionary is ready
  \fancyhead[RE,RO]{{\fontfamily{phv}\selectfont{\textbf{\leftmark}}}}}

\begin{document}
\twocolumn
\pagestyle{dictstyle}
% the letters in alphabetical order


\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}    

    \entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}} 

    \entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}} 

    \entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
    \entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}}
\entry[VS]{{Example entry} }{{\color{blue}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ example word}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ \lipsum[23]}}
\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{example-image-b}}
    \caption{Vöðuselur}
    \end{figure}}
\clearpage

\end{document}

创建字典条目的命令：

\newcommand\entry[3][]{\hangpara{1em}{1}{\fontfamily{phv}\selectfont{\textbf{{#2}}}}\ 
#3\ifx\relax#1\relax\markboth{#2}{#2}\else\markboth{#1}{#1}\fi
\par}\nopagebreak[4]

示例条目：

\entry[VS]{{VS} }{{\color{darkgreen}{\small{\textbf{  zkr}}}}{\foreignlanguage{icelandic}{\textbf{ vatnssalerni}}}\foreignlanguage{czech}{{ WC, záchodky}}}

照片放置示例。

\begin{figure}[ht]
\centering
\setlength\fboxsep{0pt}\setlength\fboxrule{0.5pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[width=5.5cm]{ds_image_voduselur_0_2.jpg}}
\caption{Vöðuselur}
\end{figure} 

更新（上面的 MWE 没有正确显示不良行为）

可以下载使用示例图像和真实条目的真实 MWE。

Answer 1

[删除原答案]

好的。您的新 MWE 显示了另一个难度级别，并且预示着未来会出现复杂情况。

您所需要的是一个功能齐全的两列基线网格。

我认为你最好的选择是grid，gridset和语境。