书目中的文本对齐

Question

因为我们不知道您使用的文档类，所以我使用标准书目测试代码来尝试重现您的问题。

代码如下：

% http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/269438/text-alignment-in-bibliography
\RequirePackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}
@Book{Goossens,
  author    = {Goossens, Michel and Mittelbach, Frank and 
               Samarin, Alexander},
  title     = {The LaTeX Companion},
  edition   = {1},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  location  = {Reading, Mass.},
  year      = {1994},
}
@Book{adams,
  title     = {The Restaurant at the End of the Universe},
  author    = {Douglas Adams},
  series    = {The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy},
  publisher = {Pan Macmillan},
  year      = {1980},
}
@comment{x-kbibtex-personnameformatting=<%l><, %f>}
@book{pbkdf,
    Author = {{Wikip{\'e}dia}},
    Date-Added = {2015-09-24 12:03:46 +0000},
    Date-Modified = {2015-09-25 08:25:58 +0000},
    Lastchecked = {Octobre},
    Publisher = {\url{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/small_titls}},
    Title = {Small Title},
    Year = {consult{\'e} en octobre 2015},
}
@book{secuhash,
    Author = {Gilbert,Henri and Handschuh, Helena},
    Date-Added = {2015-09-24 09:27:15 +0000},
    Date-Modified = {2015-09-24 09:33:47 +0000},
    Pages = {175--193},
    Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
    Series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
    Title = {Security analysis of SHA-256 and sisters},
    Volume = {3006},
    Year = {2003},
}
@book{test,
  Author = {Wikipedia, Jack and Wikipedia, John},
  Date-Added = {2015-09-24 06:47:35 +0000},
  Date-Modified = {2015-09-25 08:29:03 +0000},
  Publisher = {\url{super/long/url/with/a/lot/of/weird/things/in/it}},
  Series = {SP 800-38D},
  Title = {Very long title because it is a name of a very specific article (with abbreviations) and many otherthings that make it take more than one line},
  Year = {2019, visited online on March 21, 2045},
}
@book{justify,
  Author = {McGrew, David and Viega,John},
  Date-Added = {2015-09-23 15:29:41 +0000},
  Date-Modified = {2015-09-24 08:21:29 +0000},
  Month = {Mai},
  Publisher = {\url{https://globaljournals.org/GJCST_Volume13/4-A-Study-of-Encryption-Algorithms.pdf}},
  Title = {The Security and Performance of the Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) of Operation},
  Year = {2005, consult{\'e} en octobre 2015},
}
\end{filecontents*}


\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}

\usepackage[top=2cm,bottom=2.5cm,left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm]{geometry}
%\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage[%
  newcommands     % \RaggedRight=\raggedright etc. 
 ,newparameters   % use default settings of ragged2e
]{ragged2e}
\usepackage{showframe}  % to visualise the typing area and margins
%\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage{hyperref}

\begin{document}

This is text with \cite{Goossens} and \cite{adams}.

\nocite{*} % to test all bib entrys
\bibliographystyle{phjcp}% unsrt
%{\raggedright  % group to end left justification after bib
\bibliography{\jobname}
%}              % ends group for left justified bibliography

\end{document}

在第 64 行我添加了您的geometry定义，我使用了类article并准备了 MWE 以便稍后编写参考书目\raggedright（仅左对齐参考书目）。

结果：

现在取消注释包含的第 65 行\usepackage{microtype}。然后编译 3 次。结果：

这表明microtype应该将其添加到您的文档中。

如果这对您不起作用，请参见第 71 行。取消注释后，URL 就不再有问题了。

最后提示：取消注释第 80 行和第 82 行，这样就可以得到仅左对齐的参考书目。这样你的参考书目中就不会有大空格了。我认为这对参考书目来说更好。

您的代码中的问题是给定的 url 缺少连字符。这导致 LaTeX 添加大空格。它可以在哪里做到这一点？您已经有空格了，标题...

取消注释所有行后，您会得到以下结果（这些行来自包，showframe用于可视化打字区域）：

Answer 1