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如何格式化论文中的长表格和大表格？

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如何格式化论文中的长表格和大表格？

在我的硕士论文中，我有很多桌子，又大又长；如何最好地适应它们？

将较长的表格分成多页可以吗？

那么大一点的呢？

任何建议将被认真考虑

更新

这是一个大表格的示例

\begin{table}[H] 
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{|l|r|r|r|}
\hline HTTP Date & Time zone & Time shift & Timestamp \\
\hline Tue, 02 Jun 2015 20:33:31 GMT & America/Chicago & -6 & June 2nd 2015, 22:19:31.929 \\
\hline Sun, 14 Jun 2015 11:33:46 GMT & America/Denver & -7 & June 14th 2015, 13:19:07.193 \\
\hline Sun, 14 Jun 2015 11:34:01 GMT & America/Los\_Angeles & -8 & June 14th 2015, 13:19:21.755 \\
\hline Sun, 14 Jun 2015 11:33:46 GMT & America/New\_York & -5 & June 14th 2015, 13:19:07.417 \\
\hline Sun, 14 Jun 2015 12:19:18 GMT & America/Phoenix & -7 & June 14th 2015, 14:04:38.980 \\
\hline Sun, 14 Jun 2015 11:33:59 GMT & America/Toronto & -5 & June 14th 2015, 13:19:19.881 \\
\hline Fri, 12 Jun 2015 05:53:03 GMT & Asia/Shanghai & 8 & June 12th 2015, 07:38:31.238 \\
\hline Sun, 14 Jun 2015 11:33:56 GMT & Europe/Amsterdam & 1 & June 14th 2015, 13:19:17.290 \\
...
        \hline      
    \end{tabular}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

您可以使用ltablex同时加载tabularx和的包longtable。表格有点太宽是因为第三列的头部，我用命令绕过了它\makebox[0pt]。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs, ltablex}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\sisetup{table-format=-2.0, table-number-alignment=center}

\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}

\begin{document}

\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}%
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{\,}X@{\enspace}l r SX@{\enspace}l@{\,}}
  \toprule
  \multicolumn{2}{c}{HTTP Date}
  & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Time zone}
  & {\makebox[0pt]{Time shift}}
  & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Timestamp} \\
  \midrule
  Tue, 02 Jun 2015, & 20:33:31 GMT
    & America/Chicago & -6 & June 2nd 2015, & 22:19:31.92 \\
  Sun, 14 Jun 2015, & 11:33:46 GMT
    & America/Denver & -7 & June 14th 2015, & 13:19:07.193 \\
  % \hline
  Sun, 14 Jun 2015, & 11:34:01 GMT
    & America/Los\_Angeles & -8 & June 14th 2015, & 13:19:21.755 \\
  Sun, 14 Jun 2015, & 11:33:46 GMT
    & America/New\_York & -5 & June 14th 2015, & 13:19:07.417 \\
  Sun, 14 Jun 2015, & 12:19:18 GMT
    & America/Phoenix & -7 & June 14th 2015, & 14:04:38.980 \\
  Sun, 14 Jun 2015, & 11:33:59 GMT
    & America/Toronto & -5 & June 14th 2015, & 13:19:19.881 \\
  % \hline
  Fri, 12 Jun 2015, & 05:53:03 GMT
    & Asia/Shanghai & 8 & June 12th 2015, & 07:38:31.238 \\
  Sun, 14 Jun 2015, & 11:33:56 GMT
    & Europe/Amsterdam & 1 & June 14th 2015, & 13:19:17.290 \\
  \bottomrule
\end{tabularx}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

嗯，旋转桌子90度很简单：

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{rotating}
    \usepackage{booktabs}
    \usepackage{siunitx}

\usepackage{showframe}

    \begin{document}
\begin{sidewaystable}[p]
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{ r@{\ }l r S r@{\ }l }
        \toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{HTTP Date} 
    &   \multicolumn{1}{c}{Time zone}
        &   \multicolumn{1}{c}{Time shift} 
            &   \multicolumn{2}{c}{Timestamp}                           \\
        \midrule
Tue, 02 Jun 2015,  &   20:33:31 GMT 
    &   America/Chicago         & -6    &   June 2nd 2015,  &   22:19:31.92  \\
Sun, 14 Jun 2015,  &   11:33:46 GMT 
    &   America/Denver          & -7    &   June 14th 2015,  &   13:19:07.193 \\
%        \hline 
Sun, 14 Jun 2015,  &   11:34:01 GMT 
    &   America/Los\_Angeles    & -8    &   June 14th 2015,  &   13:19:21.755 \\
Sun, 14 Jun 2015,  &   11:33:46 GMT 
    &   America/New\_York       & -5    &   June 14th 2015,  &   13:19:07.417 \\
Sun, 14 Jun 2015,  &   12:19:18 GMT 
    &   America/Phoenix         & -7    &   June 14th 2015,  &   14:04:38.980 \\
Sun, 14 Jun 2015,  &   11:33:59 GMT 
    &   America/Toronto         & -5    &   June 14th 2015,  &   13:19:19.881 \\
%        \hline 
Fri, 12 Jun 2015,  &   05:53:03 GMT 
    &   Asia/Shanghai           & 8     &   June 12th 2015,  &   07:38:31.238 \\
Sun, 14 Jun 2015,  &   11:33:56 GMT 
    &   Europe/Amsterdam        & 1     &   June 14th 2015,  &   13:19:17.290 \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{sidewaystable}
    \end{document}

但页面看上去很空：

在此处输入图片描述

对于上图，我稍微重新格式化了您的表格（引入了两个附加列）。在其中，我添加了siunitx包以更好地格式化“时间移位”，并booktabs获得更漂亮的标尺。在表格中，如您所见，我省略了垂直线。也许将长单元格中的文本拆分为较短的两行的解决方案会更好：

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage[margin=30mm,showframe]{geometry}
    \usepackage{booktabs,tabularx}
    \usepackage{siunitx}

    \begin{document}
    \begin{table}[h]
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
    \centering
    \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{ X r S X }
        \toprule
\multicolumn{1}{c}{HTTP Date} 
    &   \multicolumn{1}{c}{Time zone}
        &   \multicolumn{1}{c}{Time shift} 
            &   \multicolumn{1}{c}{Timestamp}                   \\
        \midrule
Tue, 02 Jun 2015,\newline  
20:33:31 GMT 
    &   America/Chicago & -6    &   June 2nd 2015,\newline   
                                    22:19:31.92                 \\
Sun, 14 Jun 2015,\newline   
11:33:46 GMT
    &   America/Denver          & -7    &   June 14th 2015,\newline
                                            13:19:07.193        \\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabularx}
\end{table}
    \end{document}

这使：

在此处输入图片描述

对于上面的 MWE，我添加了两个包：（geometry因为我不知道您的页面是如何设置的）我用它们定义了页面，以及，它们将表格调整到文本宽度并使多行单元格成为可能。包中的tabularx选项仅用于显示文本边框。在正常情况下应该省略它。showframegeometry

如果您希望将此表扩展到更多页面，则需要选择支持此功能的表环境。 Bernard 的回答中有一个可能的解决方案。

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