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一些评论

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf beamer
一些评论

我正在尝试在 Beamer 中构建以下流程图，并希望得到一些关于如何构建的答案。我想要的是这样的：

在此处输入图片描述

我开始使用 tikz 包执行此操作，但遇到了两个主要麻烦。

问题 1）如何获取与 No 对应的箭头

问题 2）如何真正让这个图形适合投影仪幻灯片。

我将附上我目前拥有的代码。我\resizebox也尝试过使用该命令，但没有效果。

\documentclass[t,compress,10pt,xcolor=dvipsnames]{beamer}
\definecolor{LHCblue}{RGB}{4, 114, 255}
\usecolortheme[named=LHCblue]{structure}
\usepackage[bars]{beamerthemetree} %Beamer theme v 2.2
%\usepackage{kerkis}
\setbeamercovered{invisible}
\usetheme{Ilmenau} % Beamer theme v 3.0
\useoutertheme[subsection=true]{smoothbars}%Beamer Outer Theme-circles on top
%\usefonttheme{serif}
\useinnertheme{circles} %rectangle bullet points instead of circle ones
\usepackage{beamerthemebars}
%\usefonttheme[mathonly]{serif}

\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,mathrsfs,fancyhdr,syntonly,lastpage,hyperref,graphicx,subfigure}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{algorithm2e}
\usepackage{animate}

\setbeamerfont{section in toc}{size=\normalsize}
\setbeamerfont{subsection in toc}{size=\tiny}
\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}%remove navigation symbols

\usepackage{times}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}

\tikzstyle{startstop} = [rectangle, rounded corners, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm,text centered, draw=black, fill=red!30]
\tikzstyle{io} = [trapezium, trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30]
\tikzstyle{process} = [rectangle, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30]
\tikzstyle{decision} = [rectangle, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=green!30]
\tikzstyle{arrow} = [thick,->,>=stealth]


\begin{document}


\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Hierarchy of decisions}
\resizebox{2in}{2in}{
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm]
\node (start) [startstop] {User Input};
\node (in1) [decision, below of=start] {Is the input valid?};
\node (out1) [process, below of=in1] {Make of Vehicle};
\node (out2) [process, below of=out1] {Model of Vehicle};
\node (out3) [process, below of=out2] {Body Type};
\draw [arrow] (start) -- (in1);
%\draw [arrow] (in1)-| ([xshift=-0.25cm]pro1.south west) |- (start);
\end{tikzpicture}}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

您可以随意使用任何我不使用的命令，或者重新定义颜色和形状。我也很乐意获得代码来执行此操作，而不必实际使用我的代码。

答案1

使用链条的一种可能性：

在此处输入图片描述

代码：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows,chains}

\tikzset{
  startstop/.style={
    rectangle, 
    rounded corners,
    minimum width=3cm, 
    minimum height=1cm,
    align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=red!30
    },
  process/.style={
    rectangle, 
    minimum width=3cm, 
    minimum height=1cm, 
    align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=blue!30
    },
  decision/.style={
    rectangle, 
    minimum width=3cm, 
    minimum height=1cm, align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=green!30
    },
  arrow/.style={thick,->,>=stealth},
  dec/.style={
    ellipse, 
    align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=green!30
    },
}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Hierarchy of decisions}
\centering

%\resizebox{!}{.8\textheight}{% if required
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  start chain=going below,
  every join/.style={arrow},
  node distance=0.6cm
  ]
\node (start) [startstop,on chain,join] {User Input};
\node (in1) [dec,on chain] {Is the input valid?};
\node (out1) [process,on chain,join] {Make of Vehicle};
\node (out2) [process,on chain,join] {Model of Vehicle};
\node (out3) [process,on chain,join] {Body Type};
\draw[arrow] (in1.east) -- node[auto] {No} ++(20pt,0pt) |- (start.east);
\draw[arrow] (start) -- node[left] {Yes} (in1);
\end{tikzpicture}%
%}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

现在使用该positioning库：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows,positioning}

\tikzset{
  startstop/.style={
    rectangle, 
    rounded corners,
    minimum width=3cm, 
    minimum height=1cm,
    align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=red!30
    },
  process/.style={
    rectangle, 
    minimum width=3cm, 
    minimum height=1cm, 
    align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=blue!30
    },
  decision/.style={
    rectangle, 
    minimum width=3cm, 
    minimum height=1cm, align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=green!30
    },
  arrow/.style={draw,thick,->,>=stealth},
  dec/.style={
    ellipse, 
    align=center, 
    draw=black, 
    fill=green!30
    },
}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Hierarchy of decisions}
\centering

%\resizebox{!}{.8\textheight}{% if required
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  node distance=0.6cm,
  every edge/.style={arrow}
  ]
\node (start) [startstop] {User Input};
\node (in1) [dec,below=of start] {Is the input valid?};
\node (out1) [process,below=of in1] {Make of Vehicle};
\node (out2) [process,below=of out1] {Model of Vehicle};
\node (out3) [process,below=of out2] {Body Type};
\draw[arrow] (in1.east) -- node[auto] {No} ++(20pt,0pt) |- (start.east);
\draw[arrow] (start) -- node[left] {Yes} (in1);
\path
  (in1) edge (out1)
  (out1) edge (out2)
  (out2) edge (out3);
\end{tikzpicture}%
%}
\end{frame}

\end{document}

一些评论

  • 我从旧的语法改为新的\tikzstyle语法\tikzset。
  • 如果您决定不使用链，请使用=of定位库中的语法而不是of=。
  • 如果需要，可以\resizebox用来控制高度（请参阅代码中的注释行）。
  • 我dec使用库ellipse中的形状 定义了一种样式shapes.geometric。
  • 您可以使用 控制节点之间的距离node distance。

答案2

这从你的代码开始，尽管我也喜欢chains。如果你把东西弄小一点，你不需要调整图形的大小。我还把你的\tikzstyles 转换为\tikzset因为以前的语法已被弃用。

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,arrows}
\tikzset{
  basics/.style={minimum width=30mm, minimum height=7.5mm, text centered, draw=black},
  startstop/.style={rectangle, rounded corners, basics, fill=red!30},
  io/.style={trapezium, trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110, basics, fill=blue!30},
  process/.style={rectangle, basics, fill=blue!30},
  decision/.style={ellipse,basics, fill=green!30},
  arrow/.style={thick,->,>=stealth},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Hierarchy of decisions}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=17.5mm]
    \node (start) [startstop] {User Input};
    \node (in1) [decision, below of=start] {Is the input valid?};
    \node (out1) [process, below of=in1] {Make of Vehicle};
    \node (out2) [process, below of=out1] {Model of Vehicle};
    \node (out3) [process, below of=out2] {Body Type};
    \foreach \i/\j/\k in {start/in1/,in1/out1/yes,out1/out2/,out2/out3/}
    \draw [arrow] (\i) -- node[anchor=east] {\k} (\j);
    \draw [arrow] (in1.east) -- +(20pt,0) |- (start.east) node [pos=.25, right] {No};
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

调整图表

编辑

如果您想调整箭头的长度，这里有一个版本可以让您指定每个节点的节点距离（以毫米为单位）：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,arrows,positioning}
\tikzset{
  basics/.style={minimum width=30mm, minimum height=7.5mm, text centered, draw=black},
  startstop/.style={rectangle, rounded corners, basics, fill=red!30},
  io/.style={trapezium, trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110, basics, fill=blue!30},
  process/.style={rectangle, basics, fill=blue!30},
  decision/.style={ellipse,basics, fill=green!30},
  arrow/.style={thick,->,>=stealth},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}
\frametitle{Hierarchy of decisions}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node (start) [startstop] {User Input};
    \node (in1) [decision, below=10mm of start] {Is the input valid?};
    \foreach \i/\j/\k/\m/\n in
      {%
        in1/out1/yes/15/Make of Vehicle,
        out1/out2//7.5/Model of Vehicle,
        out2/out3//9/Body Type
      }
      {
        \node (\j) [process, below=\m mm of \i] {\n};
        \draw [arrow] (\i) -- node[anchor=east] {\k} (\j);

      }
    \draw [arrow] (in1.east) -- +(20pt,0) |- (start.east) node [pos=.25, right] {No};
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

显然，您可能不希望每一个都有不同的值 - 这只是为了说明：

不同的节点分离

但chains图书馆确实会容易得多；）。

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