提前致歉。我删除了 mwe 的许多功能，但我发现 LaTeX 很难调试，删除操作会产生更多错误并引发更多问题，因此我目前保持原样。
我正在创建课程笔记，其中包含有关教学法的学生文本和教师文本。我想创建两个版本的文本，即教师版本和学生版本。教师版本还可以包含练习答案。
我创建了 mwepreamble.tex 以包含此模式的所有文件以及所有重复的定义，并创建了 mwe.tex 包含具体的示例文本。
在序言中，我定义了一个布尔变量 teach，并尝试定义一个新的环境 teacher，这样如果我用
\begin{teachr} ... \end{teachr}
只要 teach 变量为 false，文本就应该消失。我尝试并得到错误：
l.15 \begin{teachr}
! LaTeX Error: \begin{document} ended by \end{teachr}.
mwepreamble.tex：
\documentclass[12pt]{book}
\usepackage[titles]{tocloft}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{0}
\setlength{\cftbeforechapskip}{0pt}
\parindent0pt \parskip10pt % make block paragraphs
\raggedright % do not right justify
\usepackage{mathptmx} % times roman, including math (where possible)
\usepackage{mathpazo} % palatino, including math (where possible)
\usepackage{helvet} % helvetica
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage[usenames,dvipsnames]{color}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
%\usepackage{comment}
%\usepackage{etoc}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{grffile}
\usepackage{listing}
\usepackage{changepage}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{outlines}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
%\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{collcell}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{environ}
\definecolor{DeepPink}{rgb}{0.8,0,0.4}
\definecolor{DarkRed}{rgb}{0.5,0,0}
\definecolor{DarkBlue}{rgb}{0,0,0.5}
\titleformat{\chapter}
{\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries\color{DarkBlue}}{\thechapter.}{1em}{}
\usepackage[top=0.5in, bottom=1in, left=1in, right=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage[colorlinks,citecolor=DeepPink4,linkcolor=DarkRed, urlcolor=DarkBlue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{cleveref}
\cfoot{\sffamily\textcopyright... }
\rfoot{\thepage}
\graphicspath{ {img/} }
\pagestyle{fancy}
\definecolor{lgray}{rgb}{0.9,0.9,0.9}
\definecolor{white}{rgb}{1,1,1}
\definecolor{dkgreen}{rgb}{0,.5,0.1}
\definecolor{wrongcolor}{rgb}{.9,.5,.4}
\definecolor{purple}{rgb}{0.6,0,0.6}
\lstset{
backgroundcolor=\color{lgray},
% basicstyle=\footnotesize \ttfamily \color{black} \bfseries,
breakatwhitespace=false,
breaklines=true,
captionpos=b,
commentstyle=\color{dkgreen},
deletekeywords={...},
escapeinside={\%*}{*)},
frame=single,
keywordstyle=\textbf,
morekeywords={BRIEFDescriptorConfig,string,TiXmlNode,DetectorDescriptorConfigContainer,istringstream,cerr,exit},
identifierstyle=\color{black},
stringstyle=\color{blue},
language=Java,
numbers=right,
numbersep=5pt,
numberstyle=\tiny\color{black},
rulecolor=\color{black},
showspaces=false,
showstringspaces=false,
showtabs=false,
stepnumber=1,
tabsize=5,
title=\lstname,
}
\newcommand{\java}{\begin{lstlisting}[language=Java]}
\newcommand{\cpp}{\begin{lstlisting}[language=C++]}
\newcommand{\qqq}{\section{Questions}\begin{enumerate}}
\newcommand{\exer}{\end{enumerate}\section{Exercises}\begin{enumerate}}
\def\endexer#1{\end{enumerate}%
\ifstrempty{#1}{%
}{%
\href{\quizzes/#1}{Take the quiz}}
}%
\makeatletter
\newcounter{lab}% also defines \thelab
% roughly equivalent to \chapter
\newcommand{\lab}[1]{% #1 is lab heading
\refstepcounter{lab}%
\if@openright\cleardoublepage\else\clearpage\fi%
\addtocontents{toc}{\string\contentsline {chapter}%
{\hbox to .65in{Lab}\protect\numberline{\thelab}#1}{\thepage}}%
\global\@topnum\z@% page number to bottom?
\noindent%
\@lab{#1}% fixed first character separation
}
% roughly equivalent to \@chapter
\def\@lab#1{% #1 is lab heading
\if@twocolumn%
\@topnewpage[{\huge\bfseries Lab \thelab: #1\par}]%
\else{\huge\bfseries Lab \thelab: #1\par}%
\@afterheading% no idea
\fi}
\newcommand{\ohm}{$\Omega$ }
\newcommand{\kohm}{k$\Omega$ }
\newtoggle{teach}
\toggletrue{teach}
\NewEnviron{teachr}
{\iftoggle{teach}{\BODY}{}}
\setenumerate[1]{label=\arabic*.}
\setenumerate[2]{label=\Alph*.}
\setenumerate[3]{label=\roman*.}
\setenumerate[4]{label=\alph*.}
麦格
\input{mwepreamble.tex}
\begin{document} % End of preamble, start of text.
\chapter{Introduction}
\begin{teachr}
These notes are just for teachers and should only display when printing the teacher version.
\end{teachr}
Introductory Text
\begin{itemize}
\item Things you will need to do.
\item Yet another bullet point.
\item Safety third!
\item Tired of working? Hold a meeting! Meetings, the alternative to work.
\end{itemize}
\chapter{Safety Warning}
Before starting your kindergarten course in radioactive materials, here are a few things you should know
\begin{itemize}
\item Don't chew on the radium pacifiers.
\begin{itemize}
\item We know they are sugar coated and really tasty, but control yourself!
\end{itemize}
\item Don't put too many plutonium blocks into a big pile -- it's dangerous!
\end{itemize}
\begin{teachr}
\chapter{Teachers Notes on Engineering Competitions}
Text. text. text....
\end{teachr}
\end{document}
答案1
您对teachr环境的定义不正确。您可能想要的是这样的：
\usepackage{environ}
\NewEnviron{teachr}
{\ifthenelse{\boolean{teach}}{\BODY}{}}
上面使用了environ包裹定义布尔值teachr并设置条件teach。如果设置为true，\BODY则设置，否则teachr吞噬其全部内容。一个参考可能是抑制不必要的言论。
这是您的实例中的一个最小示例：
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{etoolbox,environ}
\newtoggle{teach}
\toggletrue{teach}
\NewEnviron{teachr}
{\iftoggle{teach}{\BODY}{}}
\begin{document} % End of preamble, start of text.
\chapter{Introduction}
\begin{teachr}
These notes are just for teachers and should only display when printing the teacher version.
\end{teachr}
Introductory Text
\begin{itemize}
\item Things you will need to do.
\item Yet another bullet point.
\item Safety third!
\item Tired of working? Hold a meeting! Meetings, the alternative to work.
\end{itemize}
\chapter{Safety Warning}
Before starting your kindergarten course in radioactive materials, here are a few things you should know
\begin{itemize}
\item Don't chew on the radium pacifiers.
\begin{itemize}
\item We know they are sugar coated and really tasty, but control yourself!
\end{itemize}
\item Don't put too many plutonium blocks into a big pile -- it's dangerous!
\end{itemize}
\begin{teachr}
\chapter{Teachers Notes on Engineering Competitions}
Text. text. text....
\end{teachr}
\end{document}
我删除了与问题无关的大多数软件包，并将条件语句的使用更新为etoolbox使用“切换”。请参阅该包为何ifthen过时了？以获得动力。
你还包括了comment包裹可用于选择性地包含/排除环境，而不是使用environ。请参阅如何通过简单地设置变量或选项来排除文本部分？或者注释掉大段内容。