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编辑

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tikz-trees
编辑

这是我的第一个 TikZ 图。我想得到这样的图

在此处输入图片描述

我用这个代码

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -latex']
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [draw,rounded corners, fill=blue!20] at (2,1) (Start) {Some Text};
\node [draw,rounded corners, fill=blue!20] at (0,0) (Block1) {Text Text};
\node [draw,rounded corners, fill=blue!20] at (4,0) (Block2) {Text};
\node [draw,rounded corners, fill=blue!20] at (6,0) (Block3) {Text Text Text};
\node[text width=3cm] at (0,-1.5) {some text spanning three lines with automatic line breaks\\
Another line of text};
\path [line] (Start) -| (Block1);
\path [line] (Start) -| (Block2);
\path [line] (Start) -| (Block3);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
  • 将节点和相关文本放置在节点下方。
  • 节点下方的文本之间的距离相等。
  • 将此图表置于页面的中心。

编辑：得到答案后，我想知道我是否想要以下图表在此处输入图片描述

答案1

自从我的答案到Diaa Abidou 随后提出的问题显然这个问题的答案可能更好，我在这里重复这个答案以保证完整性。如需完整解释代码，请请参阅我提供的详细信息。

\documentclass[border=10pt,multi,tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[edges]{forest}
\usepackage{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\forestset{%
  declare dimen register={gap},
  gap'=20mm,
  declare dimen register={lbox width},
  lbox width=(\textwidth-2*\forestregister{gap})/3,
  rbox/.style = {draw=blue!80!black, fill=blue!20, rounded corners},
  lbox/.style = {align/.wrap pgfmath arg={@{}p{##1 pt}@{}}{(lbox_width)}},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
  forked edges,
  for tree={%
    font = \sffamily,
    edge = {draw, -{Latex}},
  },
  where n children=0{%
    lbox,
    no edge,
  }{%
    rbox,
  }
  [Some Text, name=Start, l sep+=5pt
    [Text Text, name=Block1
      [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
      ]
    ]
    [Text, name=Block2
      [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
      ]
    ]
    [Text Text Text, name=Block3
      [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
      ]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

森林树中的对齐节点

编辑

为了回答如何减少终点节点与其父节点之间的距离的问题，我会更改l这些节点的值。但是，我们需要将此操作推迟到树打包之后，以便覆盖 Forest 的计算。

例如，

  where n children=0{%
    lbox,
    no edge,
    before computing xy={%
      l'-=10pt,
    },
  }{%
    rbox,
  }

生产

更加贴合

\documentclass[border=10pt,multi,tikz]{standalone}
\usepackage[edges]{forest}
\usepackage{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\forestset{%
  declare dimen register={gap},
  gap'=20mm,
  declare dimen register={lbox width},
  lbox width=(\textwidth-2*\forestregister{gap})/3,
  rbox/.style = {draw=blue!80!black, fill=blue!20, rounded corners},
  lbox/.style = {align/.wrap pgfmath arg={@{}p{##1 pt}@{}}{(lbox_width)}},
}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
  forked edges,
  for tree={%
    font = \sffamily,
    edge = {draw, -{Latex}},
  },
  where n children=0{%
    lbox,
    no edge,
    before computing xy={%
      l'-=10pt,
    },
  }{%
    rbox,
  }
  [Some Text, name=Start, l sep+=5pt
    [Text Text, name=Block1
      [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
      ]
    ]
    [Text, name=Block2
      [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
      ]
    ]
    [Text Text Text, name=Block3
      [1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
      ]
    ]
  ]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

答案2

尝试：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,positioning}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
         font = \sffamily,
line/.style = {draw, -Latex},
  rbox/.style = {draw=blue!80!black, fill=blue!20, 
               rounded corners, inner sep=2mm,
               node distance = 12mm and 18mm},
lbox/.style = {text width=32mm, inner sep=0pt,
               node distance = 2mm}
                        ]
\node (Start)   [rbox] {Some Text};
\node (Block1)  [rbox,below  left=of Start] {Text Text};
\node (Block2)  [rbox,below=of Start]       {Text};
\node (Block3)  [rbox,below right=of Start] {Text Text Text};
\node [lbox,below=of Block1] {some text spanning three lines 
                              with automatic line breaks.

                              Another line of text};
\node [lbox,below=of Block2] {some text spanning three lines
                              with automatic line breaks};
\node [lbox,below=of Block3] {some text spanning three lines
                              with automatic line breaks.};
\path [line] (Start) -- coordinate (a) (Block2);
\path [line] (a) -| (Block1);
\path [line] (a) -| (Block3);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\caption{my figure}
    \label{fig-1}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

我假设该图像在文档中以浮动方式放置figure。在其中，您可以使用使其居中\centering。如果不是这种情况，那么您可以使用

\begin{center}
< your tikz image >
\end{center}

在上面的 MWE 中，我定义了rbox圆角节点和lbox圆角框下方节点的样式。对于它们的定位，我使用了库中的相对定位positioning。

附录： 如果图像如编辑的问题中所示，您需要做一些小的更改：

  • (a)以新的方式定义坐标：\draw (Start.south) -- ++ (0,-6mm) coordinate (a);
  • node distance将节点样式重新定义rbox为类似node distance = 12mm and 0mm
  • 当然，block从代码中删除...

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,positioning}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
         font = \sffamily,
line/.style = {draw, -Latex},
  rbox/.style = {draw=blue!80!black, fill=blue!20,
               rounded corners, inner sep=2mm,
               node distance = 12mm and 0mm},
lbox/.style = {text width=32mm, inner sep=0pt,
               node distance = 2mm}
                        ]
\node (Start)   [rbox] {Some Text};
\node (Block1)  [rbox,below  left=of Start] {Text Text};
\node (Block3)  [rbox,below right=of Start] {Text Text Text};
\node [lbox,below=of Block1] {some text spanning three lines
                              with automatic line breaks.

                              Another line of text};
\node [lbox,below=of Block3] {some text spanning three lines
                              with automatic line breaks.};
\draw        (Start.south) -- ++ (0,-6mm) coordinate (a);
\path [line] (a) -| (Block1);
\path [line] (a) -| (Block3);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\caption{my figure}
    \label{fig-1}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

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